Climate sciences articles from across Nature Portfolio

Drill cores from the mid-ocean ridge in the South Atlantic suggest that mass-wasting deposits formed against ridge faults host abundant calcite and so may store substantial amounts of carbon dioxide.

Anthropogenic climate change is exacerbating soil moisture droughts globally, but most studies only consider surface layers. Now, a study reveals that global soil moisture droughts are often also found in deeper layers, and that in a warming climate deep soil moisture droughts are projected to become longer lasting and more severe.

Field evidence reveals that bubble-mediated CO2 transfer favors invasion. The authors introduce an asymmetric bulk flux equation, suggesting that the global ocean may absorb ~15% more CO2 than previously estimated.

Anthropogenic aerosol mitigation in East Asia has resulted in rapid warming in the north-western Pacific, according to analyses of coupled climate model simulations.

Environmental changes in mountains often depend on elevation. This Review outlines how past and future temperature, precipitation and snowfall trends vary between mountains and lowlands across various mountain regions and discusses the drivers responsible.

Carbon flux data from 156 Qinghai-Tibet Plateau lakes reveal a net sink of around 7 Tg carbon per year during 2011–2022, about one-fifth of the regional terrestrial carbon sink, with projections indicating future changes under lake expansion and warming.

Although the Southern Ocean Meridional Circulation intensifies and shifts poleward under warming periods, the eddy compensation in the past and future is distinct due to enhanced Antarctic bottom water formation and subduction branch ventilation.

Despite the weak agreement seen at the COP30 climate conference, Brazil was right to prioritize discussing the eventual phase-out of fossil fuels. Others must now help to find a way forward.

COP30 negotiated efforts to protect forests and ramp up financial packages for climate action, but with one glaring omission: a roadmap to cut fossil fuels.

The world needs a more agile framework for climate action, but that shouldn’t mean abandoning a system that has worked for 30 years.

The intensification of extreme weather events induced by climate change is fueling policy discussion over the potential role of global climate intervention. Alongside planetary-scale interventions, technologies for local and regional weather modification are receiving renewed attention and funding. We argue that their social implementation will affect future human-weather relations and propose a weather commons approach as a conceptual framework for democratic, community-centric weather modification for a post 1.5 °C world.

Interactions between climate change and antimicrobial resistance across terrestrial, aquatic and health systems reveal shared drivers, synergies and trade-offs that shape health and environmental outcomes. This Comment outlines a solutions-oriented research agenda to advance evidence and action that addresses climate change and antimicrobial resistance as interconnected issues.