<p>The contour plot of electron density at three different instances in time for nitrogen gas at one atmosphere for an applied voltage of 25 kV across a 5 mm gap. The z distance is from the cathode. The hybrid parametrization was used for the plasma model.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>The contour plots of the axial electric field. All other conditions are the same as <a href="#plasma-07-00037-f001" class="html-fig">Figure 1</a>.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>The on-axis plots of electron energy. All other conditions are the same as <a href="#plasma-07-00037-f001" class="html-fig">Figure 1</a>.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>The axial electron density plots shown as a function of the distance from the cathode. The simulations conditions are the same as in <a href="#plasma-07-00037-f001" class="html-fig">Figure 1</a>.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>The on-axis electric field for the three different parametrizations. The simulations conditions are the same as in <a href="#plasma-07-00037-f001" class="html-fig">Figure 1</a>.</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>The streamer speed as a function of time from the start of the pulse for the three different parametrizations considered.</p> Full article ">Figure 7
<p>The on-axis electron energy as a function of the distance from the cathode determined from the energy equation (local energy) and the steady-state local field (Equation (7)) with LFA parametrization. The simulations conditions are the same as in <a href="#plasma-07-00037-f001" class="html-fig">Figure 1</a>.</p> Full article ">Figure 8
<p>The on-axis electron energy as a function of the distance from the cathode determined from the energy equation (local energy) and the steady-state local field (Equation (7)) with hybrid parametrization. The simulations conditions are the same as in <a href="#plasma-07-00037-f001" class="html-fig">Figure 1</a>.</p> Full article ">Figure 9
<p>The on-axis electron energy as a function of the distance from the cathode determined from the energy equation (local energy) and the steady-state local field (Equation (7)) with LMEA parametrization. The simulations conditions are the same as in <a href="#plasma-07-00037-f001" class="html-fig">Figure 1</a>.</p> Full article ">Figure 10
<p>The G-factor (number of radicals produced per 100 eV of electrical energy) for three different nitrogen excited states as determined by the three different parametrization schemes: The ◊, x, and + correspond to LFA, hybrid, and LMEA respectively, and red, blue, and green markers correspond to the <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mfenced separators="|"> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msub> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Σ</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfenced> </mrow> </semantics></math>, <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mfenced separators="|"> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msub> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Π</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>g</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfenced> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </semantics></math> and <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mfenced separators="|"> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msub> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Π</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfenced> </mrow> </semantics></math> states, respectively.</p> Full article ">Figure 11
<p>The contribution of convective and gain–loss terms in the energy equation. The solid black line is the net rate of energy density change at the spatial position in the axis. (<b>a</b>) The hybrid parametrization and (<b>b</b>) LMEA parametrization.</p> Full article ">