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Biomedicines
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Molecular Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathophysiology and New Therapeutic...
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Molecular Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathophysiology and New Therapeutic Strategies—Second Edition

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2029

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Marino Vilović

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease; biomarkers; pathophysiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a comprehensive medical term that represents a spectrum of chronic, idiopathic, and immunologically mediated digestive tract disorders, with the main representatives being Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Although there are still many unknown factors regarding the etiology and pathophysiology of this disease, it is believed to involve a complex interplay between genetic, epithelial, environmental, microbial, and immunological factors.

Considering that the number of affected patients is increasing worldwide and overall disease management often requires complex and expensive testing, there is a need for convenient, non-invasive, and economical solutions. It is becoming clear that molecular biomarkers are starting to represent a key component in IBD studies, as they can fulfil our requirements and potentially improve numerous areas in IBD management, including timely diagnosis, treatment response, the monitoring of disease activity, and mucosal healing. However, as the current most widely used biomarkers in IBD have certain shortcomings, there is substantial room for improvement and new studies in this field.

Therefore, the main goal of the upcoming Special Issue is to feature the most comprehensive and up-to‑date original research and specialized reviews helping to encompass and improve knowledge regarding molecular biomarkers that play significant roles in the complex pathophysiological pathways of IBD development, as well as exploring their potential to become new, effective, and reliable tools in disease monitoring, treatment strategies, and precision medicine.

Dr. Marino Vilović
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
  • Crohn’s disease
  • ulcerative colitis
  • biomarkers
  • molecular biomarkers in IBD
  • pathophysiology
  • therapeutic approaches in IBD
  • precision medicine

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2055 KiB  
Article
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Vedolizumab and Ustekinumab in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Real-World Retrospective Study
by Kei Nomura, Tomoyoshi Shibuya, Rina Odakura, Mayuko Haraikawa, Hirotaka Ishino, Masayuki Orikasa, Masashi Omori, Masao Koma, Kentaro Ito, Takafumi Maruyama, Osamu Nomura, Dai Ishikawa, Mariko Hojo and Akihito Nagahara
Biomedicines 2024, 12(9), 1991; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12091991 - 2 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1115
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the large intestine. Data on the comparative effectiveness of biological therapies such as vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) remain limited. This retrospective study compared the effectiveness and safety of VDZ and UST in UC [...] Read more.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the large intestine. Data on the comparative effectiveness of biological therapies such as vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) remain limited. This retrospective study compared the effectiveness and safety of VDZ and UST in UC patients. Between November 2018 and November 2023, 106 patients were included: 64 received VDZ and 42 received UST. Bio-failure was significantly higher (p = 0.005) in the UST group versus the VDZ group. The remission rates at 6, 22, and 54 weeks in VDZ group were 51.6%, 61.3%, and 66.7%. The remission rates at 8, 24, and 56 weeks in the UST group were 66.7%, 65.0%, and 66.7%, respectively. Both treatments were comparable in inducing and maintaining clinical remission over 54–56 weeks, with no significant differences observed in the Lichtiger clinical activity index. Subgroup analyses highlighted the potential short-term effectiveness of UST among cases of bio-failure and a white blood cell level ≥ 9000/µL. Safety profiles were generally favorable, with no significant adverse events. Usutekinumab demonstrated effectiveness as a salvage therapy in patients who failed VDZ. Despite the increased disease severity in the UST group compared to the VDZ group, both groups demonstrated similar remission rates, suggesting UST shows significant efficacy even in moderate to severe UC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathophysiology and New Therapeutic Strategies—Second Edition)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Change in Lichtiger clinical activity index (CAI) after induction of vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) (<b>a</b>). Change of CAI in bio-naïve and bio-failure groups (<b>b</b>).</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Clinical remission rates with vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) at weeks 6 and 8 (<b>a</b>), at weeks 22 and 24 (<b>b</b>), and at weeks 54 and 56 (<b>c</b>).</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Clinical response rates with vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) at weeks 6 and 8 (<b>a</b>), at weeks 22 and 24 (<b>b</b>), and at weeks 54 and 56 (<b>c</b>).</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Kaplan–Meier plots for relapse-free survival of patients treated with vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) up to 54 and 56 weeks after administration.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Forest plot for clinical remission in vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) groups at early term. CAI: Lichtiger clinical activity index; CRP: C-reactive protein; LMR: lymphocyte/monocyte ratio; MES: Mayo endoscopic subscore; NLR: neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio; WBCs: white blood cells.</p> Full article ">

Review

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24 pages, 1157 KiB  
Review
Laboratory Tests in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Evidence-Based Approach to Daily Practice
by Katelin Durham, Tyler Atagozli, David E. Elliott and M. Nedim Ince
Biomedicines 2025, 13(2), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020491 - 17 Feb 2025
Viewed by 406
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) comprise a group of chronic gastrointestinal disorders characterized by periods of relapse and remission. The mainstay of treatment is medical, involving medications such as steroids, immune modulators, monoclonal antibodies (categorized as biologics), and small molecules. These medications can provide [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) comprise a group of chronic gastrointestinal disorders characterized by periods of relapse and remission. The mainstay of treatment is medical, involving medications such as steroids, immune modulators, monoclonal antibodies (categorized as biologics), and small molecules. These medications can provide profound therapeutic benefits, but they can also cause severe and irreversible toxicities. Clinicians may utilize laboratory tests in the diagnosis and management of IBD including assessment of disease activity, monitoring medication response or toxicity, surveillance of infectious complications, and detection of nutritional deficiencies. Routine use of laboratory tests may help clinicians avoid reactivation of life-threatening infections such as tuberculosis or hepatitis B virus upon initiation of immune suppressive therapy. They can also be used to detect vitamin deficiencies such as B12 deficiency, which has the potential to cause irreversible neurologic damage. While some laboratory tests constitute established practices, the utility of newer tests such therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in the era of biologics is an evolving topic. Although clinical assessment with imaging, endoscopic, and histopathological examination is standard practice, laboratory tests serve as valuable adjuncts. We aim to explore the broad range of laboratory tests available to clinicians and to summarize their application in the current management of IBD in daily clinical practice, with special attention to updates in therapeutic drug monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pathophysiology and New Therapeutic Strategies—Second Edition)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>Strategic targets of IBD therapy and useful laboratory tests associated with these targets. * ADA: Anti-drug antibody; ** screening for EBV infection is only recommended in pediatric patients before starting thiopurine therapy.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Forest plot display of metanalysis results on the impact of TDM on clinical response/remission (<b>A</b>) and adverse reactions (<b>B</b>). Data are adapted from data sets of recent metanalyses [<a href="#B68-biomedicines-13-00491" class="html-bibr">68</a>,<a href="#B69-biomedicines-13-00491" class="html-bibr">69</a>,<a href="#B78-biomedicines-13-00491" class="html-bibr">78</a>,<a href="#B79-biomedicines-13-00491" class="html-bibr">79</a>] and displayed as either relative risk (RR) * or odds ratio (OR) ** with confidence intervals.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Selective tools (each arrow) to optimize biologic therapy in different clinical scenarios. * Reactive TDM is a generally accepted clinical approach.</p> Full article ">
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