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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Biomarkers in Neurological Disorders
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Biomarkers in Neurological Disorders

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurobiology and Clinical Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 5053

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mamiko Koshiba

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Engineering Department, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
2. Department of Pediatrics, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
3. Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
4. Research Center of Children's Environment, Association for Children's Environment, Tokyo 106-0044, Japan
Interests: innovative application for human health prevention; therapy in neurology; psychiatry and psychology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this century’s increasingly complex society, daily stress may be leading to neurological disorders without us realizing it. The recent prosperity of information engineering and sensing/cognitive processing technology is expected to lead to innovation in health prevention and therapy. Biomarkers defined by an interdisciplinary approach between medical biology, physiology, engineering, and any other disciplines are key to solving this challenge. This Special Issue welcomes research articles and review articles on advanced technology and biomarkers for different kinds of neurological disorders.

Dr. Mamiko Koshiba
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • human application
  • EEG
  • biomarker

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2672 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Value of CXCL13, CCL11, and CCL20 Chemokines in Multiple Sclerosis
by Işıl Peker, Hacer Eroğlu İçli, Belgin Mutluay, Burcu Yüksel, Zeynep Özdemir, Mesrure Köseoğlu, Aysu Şen, Dilek Ataklı, Aysun Soysal and Musa Öztürk
Biomedicines 2025, 13(1), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13010040 - 27 Dec 2024
Viewed by 667
Abstract
Objective: The course of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is highly variable and there is a lack of effective prognostic biomarkers. This study aimed to assess the potential prognostic value of the chemokines B lymphocyte chemoattractant molecule (CXCL13), eotaxin-1 (CCL11), and macrophage inflammatory protein [...] Read more.
Objective: The course of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is highly variable and there is a lack of effective prognostic biomarkers. This study aimed to assess the potential prognostic value of the chemokines B lymphocyte chemoattractant molecule (CXCL13), eotaxin-1 (CCL11), and macrophage inflammatory protein 3-alpha (CCL20) in RRMS. Methods: Forty-two patients with MS were enrolled, along with 22 controls, 12 of the controls were idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) patients, and 10 of the controls were other neurologic diseases (OND). Chemokine levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Results: No significant differences were observed among the groups in serum levels of CXCL13, CCL11, and CCL20 (p = 0.509, p = 0.979, p = 0.169, respectively). CSF CXCL13 levels were significantly higher in the OND group (p = 0.016). A PATH analysis showed CSF CXCL13 was significantly associated with new T2 hyperintense lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (p < 0.001), and baseline serum CCL11 levels were associated with EDSS (p = 0.030), implying its potential role in indicating neurodegenerative processes and possible progression risk. Serum CCL20 correlated with EDSS (p = 0.002) and lesion burden (p < 0.001), reflecting disease severity. Conclusions: These findings suggest that CSF CXCL13 could serve as a useful biomarker for predicting active disease in RRMS, while follow-up serum CCL11 may assist in identifying progression. Although these chemokines are not specific to MS, higher levels may signal disease activity, severity, and transition to more progressive stages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers in Neurological Disorders)
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Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>The box plots illustrate baseline serum CXCL13, CCL11, and CCL20 levels (pg/mL = picograms/milliliter) in MS (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 23), IIH (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 10), and OND (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 7) groups.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>CSF CXCL13, CCLL11, and CCL20 levels (pg/mL = picograms/milliliter) in MS (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 42), IIH (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 12), and OND (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 10) groups.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Correlation graphics between baseline serum CXCL13 and serum CCL11 (<b>top</b>), CSF CXCL13 and CSF CCL20 (<b>middle</b>), follow-up serum CXCL13 and follow-up serum CC11 (<b>bottom</b>).</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Standardized (<b>top</b>) and unstandardized (<b>bottom</b>) path coefficients of PATH analysis of CSF chemokines.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Standardized (<b>top</b>) and unstandardized (<b>bottom</b>) path coefficients of PATH analysis of baseline serum chemokines.</p> Full article ">Figure 6
<p>Standardized (<b>top</b>) and unstandardized (<b>bottom</b>) path coefficients of PATH analysis of follow-up serum chemokines.</p> Full article ">
13 pages, 1830 KiB  
Article
Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain: A Potential Biomarker for Neurological Dysfunction in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
by Naiara Azcue, Beatriz Tijero-Merino, Marian Acera, Raquel Pérez-Garay, Tamara Fernández-Valle, Naia Ayo-Mentxakatorre, Marta Ruiz-López, Jose Vicente Lafuente, Juan Carlos Gómez Esteban and Rocio Del Pino
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1539; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071539 - 11 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3711
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex disorder characterized by heterogeneous symptoms, which lack specific biomarkers for its diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels as a potential biomarker for ME/CFS and explore associations with cognitive, autonomic, [...] Read more.
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex disorder characterized by heterogeneous symptoms, which lack specific biomarkers for its diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels as a potential biomarker for ME/CFS and explore associations with cognitive, autonomic, and neuropathic symptoms. Here, 67 ME/CFS patients and 43 healthy controls (HCs) underwent comprehensive assessments, including neuropsychological evaluation, autonomic nervous system (ANS) testing, and plasma NfL level analysis. ME/CFS patients exhibited significantly higher plasma NfL levels compared to HC (F = 4.30, p < 0.05). Correlations were observed between NfL levels and cognitive impairment, particularly in visuospatial perception (r = −0.42; p ≤ 0.001), verbal memory (r = −0.35, p ≤ 0.005), and visual memory (r = −0.26; p < 0.05) in ME/CFS. Additionally, higher NfL levels were associated with worsened autonomic dysfunction in these patients, specifically in parasympathetic function (F = 9.48, p ≤ 0.003). In ME/CFS patients, NfL levels explained up to 17.2% of the results in cognitive tests. Unlike ME/CFS, in HC, NfL levels did not predict cognitive performance. Elevated plasma NfL levels in ME/CFS patients reflect neuroaxonal damage, contributing to cognitive dysfunction and autonomic impairment. These findings support the potential role of NfL as a biomarker for neurological dysfunction in ME/CFS. Further research is warranted to elucidate underlying mechanisms and clinical implications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers in Neurological Disorders)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>NfL levels per group. (<b>A</b>). NfL histogram. (<b>B</b>). NfL comparative. Note: NfL values are shown in pg/mL. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.050. HC: healthy controls; ME/CFS: myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; NfL: neurofilament light chain.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Linear regressions between NfL and age. *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001. HC: healthy controls; ME/CFS: myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; NfL: neurofilament light chain.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Plasma NfL correlations with cognition. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> ≤ 0.001. Note: values are shown in z-scores. ME/CFS: myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; NfL: neurofilament light chain.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Plasma NfL correlations with ANS parameters. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> ≤ 0.001. Note: values are shown in z-scores. COMPASS-31: Composite Autonomic Symptom Score; ECV: extracellular cardiac volume; E/I ratio: expiration–inspiration ratio; ESC: electrochemical skin conductance; HC: healthy controls; ME/CFS: myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; NfL: neurofilament light chain; TPR: total peripheral resistance.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Linear regressions in cognition. (<b>A</b>). Stepwise linear regression in ME/CFS. (<b>B</b>). Stepwise linear regression in HC. HC: healthy controls; ME/CFS: myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome; NfL: neurofilament light chain; STAI: State–Trait Anxiety Inventory.</p> Full article ">
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