Genome-Wide Identification of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase (FAR) Genes in Dendrobium catenatum and Their Response to Drought Stress
<p>Phylogenetic analysis and protein sequence comparison of FAR proteins. (<b>A</b>) Phylogenetic analysis of FAR proteins from <span class="html-italic">D. catenatum</span>, <span class="html-italic">Arabidopsis</span>, rice, and sorghum. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining (NJ) method in MEGA-X, with default parameters. Red star represents <span class="html-italic">D. catenatum</span> FAR (DcFAR); black triangle represents <span class="html-italic">Arabidopsis</span> FAR (AtFAR); green square represents sorghum FAR; and blue circle represents rice FAR (OsFAR). (<b>B</b>) Protein sequence comparison of FAR proteins using DNAMAN. The three red boxes represent the GXXGXX(G/A) and YXXXK conserved domains.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Conserved motif and gene structure analyses of DcFAR family members. (<b>A</b>) Conserved motifs of DcFAR proteins. Rectangular boxes of different colors represent different conserved motifs. (<b>B</b>) Exon/intron structure of <span class="html-italic">DcFAR</span>. UTR(s), exon(s), and intron(s) are represented by green boxes, yellow boxes, and black lines, respectively.</p> "> Figure 3
<p><span class="html-italic">Cis</span>-acting element analysis in the promoter of <span class="html-italic">DcFAR</span> genes. (<b>A</b>) Locations of <span class="html-italic">cis</span>-acting elements in the promoter of <span class="html-italic">DcFAR</span>. Ellipses of different colors represent different types of <span class="html-italic">cis</span>-acting elements and their positions in each <span class="html-italic">DcFAR</span> gene promoter. (<b>B</b>) Statistics of the number of <span class="html-italic">cis</span>-acting elements in <span class="html-italic">DcFAR</span> promoters. Different colors and numbers represent the number of different <span class="html-italic">cis</span>-acting elements in each <span class="html-italic">DcFAR</span> promoter.</p> "> Figure 4
<p>Expression analysis of <span class="html-italic">DcFAR</span> genes under drought stress using RT-qPCR. The data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 3). Vertical bars represent the means of fold change in expression and standard deviations calculated from the replicates. Values of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 48 indicate hours after treatment. Asterisks (* or **) indicate a significant difference at <span class="html-italic">p</span> < 0.05 or 0.01, respectively.</p> "> Figure 5
<p>Expression analysis of <span class="html-italic">DcFAR</span> genes in different tissues using RT-qPCR. Mean expression values were calculated from three independent biological replicates relative to the value in roots and visualized using TBtools. Green and red indicate low and high levels of expression, respectively. RO: root; ST: stem; LE: leaf; CA: capsule; E: petal; SE: sepal; FS: flower stalk; GY: gynostemia; LI: lip.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Identification and Physicochemical Properties of FAR Genes in D. catenatum
2.2. Phylogenetic Analyses of FAR Family Members
2.3. Conserved Motif and Gene Structure Analyses of DcFARs
2.4. Prediction of Cis-Regulatory Elements (CREs) for D. catenatum FAR Gene Promoters
2.5. Expression Analysis of DcFAR Genes under Drought Stress
2.6. Expression Analysis of DcFAR Genes in Different Tissues
3. Results
3.1. Identification and Physicochemical Properties of FAR Genes in D. catenatum
3.2. Phylogenetic Analyses of FAR Family Members of D. catenatum and Other Plant Species
3.3. Conserved Motif and Gene Structure Analyses of FAR Family Members
3.4. Prediction of Cis-Regulatory Elements (CREs) for D. catenatum FAR Gene Promoters
3.5. Expression Analysis of DcFAR Genes under Drought Stress
3.6. Expression Analysis of FAR Genes in Different Tissues
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene Name | Gene ID | Number of AA | Molecular Weight (kDa) | Isoelectric Point | Subcellular Localization |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DcFAR1 | LOC110092925 | 489 | 56.05 | 9.02 | Golgi apparatus |
DcFAR2 | LOC110103179 | 587 | 66.15 | 9.02 | Chloroplast |
DcFAR3 | LOC110112054 | 490 | 56.44 | 8.83 | Cytoplasm |
DcFAR4 | LOC110114508 | 489 | 56.62 | 6.96 | Unidentified |
DcFAR5 | LOC110114509 | 407 | 46.43 | 5.81 | Chloroplast, Golgi apparatus |
DcFAR6 | LOC110114627 | 377 | 43.41 | 5.55 | Chloroplast |
DcFAR7 | LOC110114642 | 443 | 51.14 | 8.49 | Mitochondrion |
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Ren, Y.; Wang, P.; Zhang, T.; Liu, W.; Wang, Y.; Dai, J.; Zhou, Y. Genome-Wide Identification of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase (FAR) Genes in Dendrobium catenatum and Their Response to Drought Stress. Horticulturae 2023, 9, 982. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090982
Ren Y, Wang P, Zhang T, Liu W, Wang Y, Dai J, Zhou Y. Genome-Wide Identification of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase (FAR) Genes in Dendrobium catenatum and Their Response to Drought Stress. Horticulturae. 2023; 9(9):982. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090982
Chicago/Turabian StyleRen, Yutong, Peng Wang, Tingting Zhang, Wen Liu, Yujuan Wang, Jun Dai, and Yang Zhou. 2023. "Genome-Wide Identification of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase (FAR) Genes in Dendrobium catenatum and Their Response to Drought Stress" Horticulturae 9, no. 9: 982. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090982