Limb Differences in Unipedal Balance Performance in Young Male Soccer Players with Different Ages
<p>Participant performing the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ) anterior (ANT) (<b>A</b>), posteromedial (PM) (<b>B</b>), and posterolateral (PL) (<b>C</b>) reach.</p> "> Figure 2
<p>Reach distance differences (cm) between kicking (dominant) and standing (non-dominant) leg in the ANT (anterior), PM (posteromedial), and PL (posterolateral) reach directions by age group. The black solid line corresponds to reach distance differences between the standing and kicking leg of 4 cm. For the ANT direction, a reach distance difference greater than 4 cm is related to an increased risk of sustaining a lower extremity injury [<a href="#B7-sports-07-00020" class="html-bibr">7</a>,<a href="#B8-sports-07-00020" class="html-bibr">8</a>]. U13 = under-13 years etc.</p> ">
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedures
2.3. Anthropometry
2.4. Lower Quarter Y Balance Test
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | U13 (n = 19) | U15 (n = 14) | U17 (n = 21) | U19 (n = 22) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 12.0 ± 0.2 | 13.6 ± 0.5 | 15.7 ± 0.6 | 17.1 ± 2.3 |
Body height, cm | 154.7 ± 8.4 | 171.4 ± 7.7 | 175.2 ± 7.5 | 178.9 ± 7.8 |
Body mass, kg | 42.3 ± 8.9 | 61.4 ± 9.3 | 67.8 ± 6.8 | 80.1 ± 8.2 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 17.7 ± 2.1 | 20.7 ± 2.2 | 22.0 ± 2.3 | 22.0 ± 1.2 |
Leg length left, cm | 83.9 ± 5.5 | 92.2 ± 3.4 | 93.2 ± 3.7 | 91.1 ± 6.4 |
Leg length right, cm | 84.0 ± 5.7 | 91.9 ± 32 | 93.0 ± 3.9 | 90.9 ± 6.2 |
Leg dominance, left/right | 3/16 | 2/12 | 3/18 | 4/18 |
Training experience, years | 7.1 ± 1.0 | 8.9 ± 1.5 | 9.8 ± 1.8 | 10.2 ± 1.9 |
Training volume, min/week | 270 | 360 | 360 | 450 |
Measure | U13 (n = 19) | U15 (n = 14) | U17 (n = 21) | U19 (n = 22) | p-Value (Effect Size) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D | ND | D | ND | D | ND | D | ND | Leg | Age | Leg × Age | |
ANT, % LL | 79.1 ± 10.6 | 80.4 ± 14.0 | 72.8 ± 7.4 | 73.3 ± 7.4 | 77.8 ± 5.5 | 76.6 ± 6.3 | 82.4 ± 9.2 | 80.5 ± 8.2 | 0.652 (0.05) | 0.031 * (0.36) | 0.378 (0.21) |
PM, % LL | 121.1 ± 9.5 | 119.2 ± 11.3 | 112.6 ± 8.0 | 115.3 ± 8.2 | 119.4 ± 6.9 | 112.5 ± 4.0 | 123.0 ± 6.2 | 124.4 ± 6.0 | 0.399 (0.10) | 0.018 * (0.38) | 0.080 (0.31) |
PL, % LL | 118.9 ± 8.6 | 121.8 ± 12.1 | 107.8 ± 9.5 | 107.0 ± 7.4 | 114.6 ± 6.0 | 115.2 ± 9.9 | 118.7 ± 7.5 | 119.3 ± 7.3 | 0.274 (0.13) | 0.001 *,† (0.59) | 0.383 (0.21) |
CS, % LL | 106.4 ± 8.4 | 107.1 ± 11.0 | 97.8 ± 7.2 | 98.5 ± 4.3 | 103.9 ± 4.8 | 103.0 ± 5.8 | 108.0 ± 6.7 | 108.1 ± 6.0 | 0.751 (0.03) | 0.001 *,† (0.53) | 0.504 (0.18) |
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Muehlbauer, T.; Schwiertz, G.; Brueckner, D.; Kiss, R.; Panzer, S. Limb Differences in Unipedal Balance Performance in Young Male Soccer Players with Different Ages. Sports 2019, 7, 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7010020
Muehlbauer T, Schwiertz G, Brueckner D, Kiss R, Panzer S. Limb Differences in Unipedal Balance Performance in Young Male Soccer Players with Different Ages. Sports. 2019; 7(1):20. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7010020
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuehlbauer, Thomas, Gerrit Schwiertz, Dennis Brueckner, Rainer Kiss, and Stefan Panzer. 2019. "Limb Differences in Unipedal Balance Performance in Young Male Soccer Players with Different Ages" Sports 7, no. 1: 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7010020