eWaste

RFID technology is one of the forerunners of pervasive computing, and as such is expected to play an important role in many applications of daily life in the near future, especially in the form of Smart Labels. Based on market investigations and a material analysis of a Smart Label we showed that the use of Smart Labels does not considerably affect the recycling or disposal of packaging materials, if precautionary measures are taken, such as eco-design and, where necessary, process modifications.

The sixth generation of wireless protocol IEEE 802.11ax has been launched and offers better performance than the previous fifth-generation wireless protocol IEEE 802.11ac. This paper reviews the performance of both wireless protocols in the same operating frequency of 5 GHz. We used Network Simulator NS-3 as a simulation tool that offers flexibility, lesser time to set up and ease the experiment to any scenarios we need to perform. Furthermore, this paper focuses on analyzing and comparing the throughput of protocol IEEE 802.11ax Mcs-11 and 802.11ac Mcs-9 with a certain payload size and a various number of clients. The other parameters are set at certain values, such as a spatial stream, channel width, modulation and coding scheme, guard interval time and simulation time. The simulation result shows that the IEEE protocol 802.11ax Mcs-11 has better throughput performance than IEEE 802.11ac Mcs-9 with a large number of clients. In the simulation, a node of access point was accessed of 512 clients, IEEE 802.11ax Mcs-11 have more long delay response time than IEEE 802.11ac Mcs-9 at the beginning for a few milliseconds, but after 0.5 ms IEEE 802.11ax shown a stable and bigger throughput value than IEEE 802.11ac that its shown decrease.

Recycling of wastes to recover raw materials is key aspect which leads to sustainable manufacturing. Wastes from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (commonly known as WEEEs) often abbreviated as " E-Waste " is one of the most threatening and fastest growing waste problems of the entire world. Developing countries like India are at a greater risk because of illegal imports and increasing domestic generation of e-wastes is observed and also since there are very little or no regulations or laws regarding e-waste management. 90% of all the million tons of e-waste of India are discarded by informal recyclers who use rudimentary methods of processing, thus causing air, water and ground pollution. A key factor in sustainable manufacturing is safe disposal and seeing as e-waste is the result of mass manufacturing of electronic goods, it is pivotal to dispose it safely. This paper highlights the present situation of e-waste management in India and its effects so far and presents a new, unique management model, as the best solution for management of e-waste in India. This model takes into account the financial dependency of the informal sector on recycling, incorporates them into the model, and initializes an interdependent system of recycling, thus making is profitable for every concerning party involved in the recycling process. Necessary changes in rules and regulations as well as methods to implement this model with ease are provide in this paper.

Two independent technical developments have transformed the metal mining industry in considerable ways: the increasing share of waste materials in the feedstock of metallurgical operations has partially transformed metal extraction into a recycling industry, and the employment of microorganisms in the extraction of metals from mineral ores has rendered metals mining a biologically based industry. Increasing industrial interest and research activity in the application of biotechnologies to the extraction of metals from waste, particularly electronic waste, intimate a potential intersection of those two processes, destabilizing further the analytical distinctions between extraction and manufacturing, biologically based and nonbiologically based production, waste and resources. This combined deterritorialization of metal extraction requires a theoretical deterritorialization: rethinking extraction beyond extractive industry narrowly defined and the role that nonhuman forms of life play in the production of value in nonbiologically based (extractive) industries. This article is a first step toward outlining the effects of such developments on understanding extraction. It begins by reflecting on the effects of recycling on the spatiality and materiality of the mine and then it proceeds to examine the productive role of microorganisms in mining, the limits of biomining, and the biotechnologies that have developed to transcend those limits. The conclusion draws out theoretical implications of those ongoing lines of deterritorialization and their combination on understanding the spatiotemporality of extraction and the active involvement of nonhuman nature in the production of value.


两项独立的技术发展, 大幅改变了金属採矿业: 冶金作业原料中逐渐增加的废弃物质比例, 已将部分的金属萃取转变成回收产业, 从矿种萃取金属的过程中运用微生物, 则使得金属採矿成为以生物学为基础的产业。对于将生物科技应用至从废弃物、特别是电子废弃物中萃取出金属, 有着逐渐增加的产业兴趣及研究活动, 提示了上述两个过程的互动潜力, 并进一步挑战了萃取与製造、根据生物与非生物的生产, 以及废弃物与资源之间的分析区别。此般金属萃取的联合去领域化, 同时需要理论的去领域化: 在狭隘定义的冶金工业之外重新思考冶金, 以及非人类的生命形式在以非生物为基础的 (冶金) 工业的价值生产中所扮演的角色。本文是迈向概论此般发展对于理解冶金之影响的第一步。本文首先反思回收对于矿场的物质性及空间性的影响, 接着检视微生物在採矿中的生产性角色、生物採矿的限制, 以及克服上述限制的生物科技发展。研究结论部分, 从上述持续进行中的去领域化路径与路径的结合中汲取理论意涵, 以理解冶金的时空性和积极参与至价值生产的非人类本质 。


La industria minera de metales ha sido transformada de manera considerable por dos desarrollos técnicos independientes: la proporción en aumento de elementos de desecho en los materiales con los que se alimentan las operaciones metalúrgicas ha transformado parcialmente la extracción de metales en una industria de reciclaje, y el empleo de microorganismos en la extracción de metales de rocas que albergan el mineral ha convertido la minería de metales en una industria apoyada biológicamente. El creciente interés industrial y la actividad investigativa para la aplicación de biotecnologías en la extracción de los metales contenidos en desechos, en particular en la basura electrónica, permiten entrever una interacción potencial de los dos procesos, desestabilizando aun más las distinciones analíticas entre los procesos de extracción y manufactura, la producción de base biológica y la abiótica, residuos y recursos. Esta desterritorialización combinada de extracción de metales demanda una desterritorialización teórica: repensar la extracción más allá de la industria extractiva definida con estrechez y el papel que juegan formas de vida no humana en la producción de valor en industrias (extractivas) que no están biológicamente basadas. El presente artículo es un paso inicial hacia el enunciado de los efectos de tales desarrollos en el entendimiento de la extracción. El artículo empieza con una reflexión sobre los efectos del reciclaje sobre la espacialidad y materialidad de la mina y luego se procede a examinar el papel productivo de los microorganismos en minería, los límites de biominería y las biotecnologías que han sido desarrolladas para trascender aquellos límites. La conclusión extrae implicaciones teóricas de aquella líneas de desterritorialización y su combinación para tratar de entender la espacio-temporalidad de la extracción y la activa participación de la naturaleza no humana en la producción de valor.

This report presents a design of an automated system for recycling waste produced from electrical and electronic equipment such as “Printed Circuit Boards” (PCBs). The report breaks PCB recycling into two phases one being the separation of electronic components from the
printed circuit board and the second being the extraction of copper metal from the fiber glass plate. The electronic components are separated from the board panel using a series of processes
and technologies including and oscillation generation machine, robotic plucking with flame jet torch and water jet technique. The system also uses computer vision to scan and map the board for efficient removal of components and optimal choice of board for business. Furthermore,
copper is extracted using manufacturing processes such as shredding, grinding and electrostatic separation. 

Keywords:  recycling, printed circuit boards, waste, computer vision, pulverizing

The world is facing an unprecedented climate and environmental emergency. Scientists have identified human activity as primarily responsible for the climate crisis, which together with rampant environmental pollution, and the unbridled activities of the extractive and agricultural industries, pose a direct threat to the sustainability of life on this planet.

This edition of Global Information Society Watch (GISWatch) seeks to understand the constructive role that technology can play in confronting the crises. It disrupts the normative understanding of technology being an easy panacea to the planet’s environmental challenges and suggests that a nuanced and contextual use of technology is necessary for real sustainability to be achieved. A series of thematic reports frame different aspects of the relationship between digital technology and environmental sustainability from a human rights and social justice perspective, while 46 country and regional reports explore the diverse frontiers where technology meets the needs of both the environment and communities, and where technology itself becomes a challenge to a sustainable future.

A promising method of enhancing the circular economy is distributed plastic recycling. In this study plastic waste is upcycled into 3-D printing filament with a recyclebot, which is an open source waste plastic extruder. The recyclebot is combined with an open source self-replicating rapid prototyper (RepRap) 3-D printer, to enable post-consumer ABS plastic filament from computer waste to be further upcycled into valuable consumer products pre-designed in the digital commons. The total electrical energy consumption for the combined process is monitored and an economic evaluation is completed. The coupled distributed recycling and manufacturing method for complex products reduces embodied energy by half, while reducing the cost of consumer products to pennies. This economic benefit provides an incentive for consumers to both home recycle and home manufacture, which tightens the loop on the circular economy by eliminating waste associated from transportation and retail. It is clear from the results that waste plastic can be significantly upcycled at the individual level using this commons-based approach. This tightening of the loop of the circular economy benefits the environment and sustainability as well as the economic stability of consumers/prosumers.

More than 130 million microwaves are affected by European Union (EU) legislation which is aimed at reducing the consumption of electricity in the standby mode (‘Standby Regulation’) and at more sustainable management of end-of-life electrical and electronic waste (‘WEEE Directive’). While legislation focuses on these two life cycle stages, there is little information on the environmental impacts of the entire life cycle of microwaves. To address this gap, this paper presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment of microwaves and assesses the environmental implications of the Standby Regulation and the WEEE Directive at the EU level. The impacts are first considered at the level of individual appliances and then at the EU level, with the aim of evaluating the potential environmental implications of the full implementation of the above two EU regulations by 2020. The effects of the electricity decarbonisation and the expected increase in the number of microwaves in use have also been considered. The results suggest that implementation of the EU regulation by 2020 will reduce the environmental impacts considered by 4%-9% compared to the current situation. The majority of these reductions is due to the Standby Regulation, with the contribution of the WEEE Directive being small (~0.3%). However, the expected decarbonisation of electricity will result in much higher reductions (6%-24%) for most impact categories. The results also show that materials used to manufacture the microwaves, the manufacturing process and end-of-life disposal are environmental hot-spots for several impacts, including depletion of abiotic elements. Therefore, efforts to reduce the environmental impacts of future electricity mix should be combined with the development of specific eco-design regulations for microwaves that stipulate optimisation of resource consumption. Possible future trends, such as shorter lifetimes and limited availability of some resources, make the development of such product regulations more critical.

구미출장샵❃카톡;YS302✯구미출장안마〔 여대생알바24시출장만남〕구미콜걸 추천 구미출장안마추천 구미출장마사지 구미모텔출장 구미전지역출장맛사지 구미출장업소
구미출장샵❃카톡;YS302✯구미출장안마〔 여대생알바24시출장만남〕구미콜걸 추천 구미출장안마추천 구미출장마사지 구미모텔출장 구미전지역출장맛사지 구미출장업소
구미출장샵❃카톡;YS302✯구미출장안마〔 여대생알바24시출장만남〕구미콜걸 추천 구미출장안마추천 구미출장마사지 구미모텔출장 구미전지역출장맛사지 구미출장업소
구미출장샵❃카톡;YS302✯구미출장안마〔 여대생알바24시출장만남〕구미콜걸 추천 구미출장안마추천 구미출장마사지 구미모텔출장 구미전지역출장맛사지 구미출장업소
구미출장샵❃카톡;YS302✯구미출장안마〔 여대생알바24시출장만남〕구미콜걸 추천 구미출장안마추천 구미출장마사지 구미모텔출장 구미전지역출장맛사지 구미출장업소

Recycling of wastes to recover raw materials is key aspect which leads to sustainable manufacturing. Wastes from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (commonly known as WEEEs) often abbreviated as " E-Waste " is one of the most threatening and fastest growing waste problems of the entire world. Developing countries like India are at a greater risk because of illegal imports and increasing domestic generation of e-wastes is observed and also since there are very little or no regulations or laws regarding e-waste management. 90% of all the million tons of e-waste of India are discarded by informal recyclers who use rudimentary methods of processing, thus causing air, water and ground pollution. A key factor in sustainable manufacturing is safe disposal and seeing as e-waste is the result of mass manufacturing of electronic goods, it is pivotal to dispose it safely. This paper highlights the present situation of e-waste management in India and its effects so far and presents a new, unique management model, as the best solution for management of e-waste in India. This model takes into account the financial dependency of the informal sector on recycling, incorporates them into the model, and initializes an interdependent system of recycling, thus making is profitable for every concerning party involved in the recycling process. Necessary changes in rules and regulations as well as methods to implement this model with ease are provide in this paper.

This chapter aims to examine the current challenges in electronic waste (E-waste) management in a new EU Member State like Romania. The chapter analyzes the route from unsound disposal practices (e.g., illegal dumping) toward sustainable practices of E-waste under EU targets and objectives. This E-waste stream is toxic for the environment and public health, thus, proper collection, treatment, and recycling facilities are required. The waste management infrastructure must be completed by a comprehensive E-waste statistic database, reliable monitoring, and law enforcement activities. The chapter reveals the current gaps in E-waste management activities in Romania while highlighting the best practices in this sector. The chapter identifies the specific pathways for sustainable practices associated with electronic waste management. The role of different actors involved in E-waste flows is examined such as public institutions, private sector, NGOs or local community. This emerging E-waste stream has a high recycling and recovery potential which could further support a circular economy in Romania.

Global Information Society Watch 2010 investigates the impact that information and communications technologies (ICTs) have on the environment – both good and bad.
Written from a civil society perspective, GISWatch 2010 covers some 50 countries and six regions, with the key issues of ICTs and environmental sustainability, including climate change response and electronic waste (e‑waste), explored in seven expert thematic reports. It also contains an institutional
overview and a consideration of green indicators, as well as a mapping section offering a comparative analysis of “green” media spheres on the web.
While supporting the positive role that technology can play in sustaining the environment, many of these reports challenge the perception that ICTs will automatically be a panacea for critical issues such as climate change – and argue that for technology to really benefit everyone, consumption and
production patterns have to change. In order to build a sustainable future, it cannot be “business as usual”.
GISWatch 2010 is a rallying cry to electronics producers and consumers, policy makers and development organisations to pay urgent attention to the sustainability of the environment. It spells out the impact that the production, consumption and disposal of computers, mobile phones and other technology
are having on the earth’s natural resources, on political conflict and social rights, and the massive global carbon footprint produced.
GIsWatch 2010 is the fourth in a series of yearly reports critically covering the state of the information society from the perspectives of civil society organisations across the world.
GISWatch is a joint initiative of the Association for Progressive Communications (APC) and the Humanist Institute for  Cooperation with Developing Countries (Hivos).

E-waste is an end of the life span of electric or electronic appliances which contain the complex heavy metals. It is causing severe health concerns for millions of people around the world, mostly in the developing nations of India, Africa, Europe, etc. More of these wastes are ending up in dumping yards and recycling centers, cause a new challenge to the environment. In general electronic gadgets are intended to make our lives happier and simpler, but their toxicity, removal and recycling becomes a health horrendous. Many research papers have been reported on microbial remediation of heavy metals present in E-waste. The pioneer work was reported on 1998, bio-dissolution of spent nickel batteries using Thiobacillus ferroxidans, which is the first step to recycle and discarded batteries by using microbes as eco-friendly method. This review paper provides an insight in to the bioremediation of heavy metals from E-waste by potential microorganisms, in an eco-friendly way and provide pathway for current researchers.

La responsabilidad extendida del productor (REP) surge como una estrategia de protección ambiental que tiene por objetivo alcanzar un impacto disminuido por cada producto haciendo responsable al productor por todo su ciclo de vida. La corriente de implementación de políticas REP a nivel mundial llegó al Perú en el año 2012 con la publicación del Reglamento Nacional para la Gestión y Manejo de los Residuos de Aparatos Eléctricos y Electrónicos (Reglamento de RAEE). Pese a las novedosas medidas planteadas, la hipótesis del presente trabajo de investigación es que el dicho reglamento genera diversas fallas regulatorias, las cuales supondrían efectos adversos a los objetivos planteados. La investigación tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis desde la teoría de la regulación sobre la normativa en cuestión y verificar la existencia de fallas regulatorias. El enfoque de investigación que se plantea es el de un análisis bajo el esquema de la teoría de la regulación, partiendo de metodologías como el RIA y los postulados de Stepehen Breyer sobre las fallas cognitivas del regulador. La tesis se divide en cuatro capítulos: i) La responsabilidad extendida del productor, ii) la teoría de la regulación, iii) el análisis de la normatividad en materia de responsabilidad extendida del productor y sus efectos y, iv) las soluciones para una adecuada implementación de políticas REP en el Perú. La conclusión principal de la tesis es que el Reglamento de RAEE contiene fallas regulatorias, producto de una falta de un análisis de calidad regulatorio previo por parte de la entidad encargada (MINAM). Los principales problemas se encuentran asociados a la ineficiencia de las medidas planteadas y algunos efectos contraproducentes como la descentralización de la contaminación ocasionada por RAEE. Finalmente, se plantea una reevaluación de la reciente normativa peruana sobre calidad regulatoria y se realizan recomendaciones sobre la gestión de RAEE.

This paper deals with color image processing technique. The different parameters of image are controlled by various mathematical functions. The processing using verilog has an advantage of speed and reconfigurability over system processing, specifically required for image filtering operation. The aim is to process image by using Threshold operation, Brightness operation and Invert operation. Fast operations and efficient simulation will be considered while designing the algorithm. The simulation is carried out by establishing a link between MATLAB and Hardware Descriptive Language (HDL).

Multilevel inverters are among the most used power conversion devices in industrial applications. These applications mostly comprise of the motor drives for the entire voltage and power ratings. Multilevel inverters (MLIs) are also finding their applications in the grid-connected systems, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), electric vehicles and FACTS devices. All these applications are possible due to the ability of the MLI to provide a better output voltage with a more sinusoidal shaped waveform, improved efficiency due to the lower switching frequency operation of switches, lower blocking voltage requirement with reduced dv/dt and improved electromagnetic compatibility. Another positive impact of MLI is the reduction of the later size and cost due to the reduced amount of harmonics at the output. The conventional multilevel inverter topologies for the industrial application include neutral point clamped (NPC) MLI, laying capacitor (FC) MLI, cascade H-bridge (CHB) MLI, T-type MLI and modular multilevel converters (MMC). These MLI topologies have found their applications with different power and voltage ratings, along with their unique benefits as well as shortcomings. These shortcomings include the higher number of components for a higher number of levels along with capacitor voltage balancing problems.

In the current scenario, food safety has drawn major social and commercial concerns. The poor performance of food supply including inefficient transaction, fraud, adulteration etc has lead to greater trust issues. Traceability is one of the key factors that promote trust which can be achieved by integrating the current system with blockchain. Blockchain is an emerging technology that allows transaction among distributed parties without the need of intermediaries. Being a distributed digital ledger technology, blockchain ensure transparency and security along with traceability. It creates and maintains tamper-proof database that can be accessed by all the entities in the network. The data is collected from sensors that are installed in the food packets which provide real time monitoring. Thus, blockchain keeps record of all the information at every instance.

Precast structures have a major advantage for its rapid construction in order to maintain it simple connections with minimum width should be maintained for the least material and labor usage during the installation stage. Analytically resolving displacements and stresses in precast concrete material was tedious task and engineers had to depend on empirical formulas since concrete consists of heterogeneous material and creep and shrinkage influenced deformations in it. Due to these difficulties engineers in past had been facing complications in handling such problems, but with the enhancement of digital computerization and modern numerical methods for analysis such as finite element method, these issues can be addressed in a very effective way. There are two ways to carry the nonlinear finite element problems using ABAQUS and ANSYS software. In the analysis, material and geometric non linearities of concrete and steel are considered. Finite Element Modelling software is used to simulate the damage plasticity model provided by the concrete material behavior. Finite element analyses and own experimental results are compared to verify the finite element models. In this paper review on the process of finite element study involving modelling of elements, mesh sensitivity study and crack modelling is reviewed.

E-waste or Electronic wastes are referred to the electronic goods that are discarded or unwanted. Each year, around more than 50 million ton of e-wastes are created Depending upon their nature of response, there are possibilities for dangers depending upon the condition. Discarded computers, batteries and other electro chemical wastes may outcome in unwanted results. So it is essential to be awake of e wastes in addition to the other physical wastes. The condition is alarming as India creates about 1.5 lakh tones of e-waste annually and almost all of it finds its way into the informal sector as there is no organized alternative accessible at present. This paper discusses the present scenario of e-waste management, sources of e-waste management, future e-waste estimates and possible e-waste handling strategies in India.

Gatica Cote, Paulo. “Basura.com: algunos apuntes para/sobre una estética de los desperdicios (en el ciberespacio)”. En Johanna Ángel y Joseba Buj (coords.), Dinámicas fronterizas de la digitalidad. exclusión y deriva. Ciudad de México: Taurus-Fundación Telefónica México, 2019. 125-142. ISBN: 978-607-319-006-0.

Informal e-waste processing is a growing global problem. Local climate and mineralogical factors strongly control the chemical lability and dispersal of trace metals from informal e-waste processing. Previous work on e-waste contamination primarily focused on well-known sites in similar climates. Our exploratory analysis of a long-term (since 2008) e-waste incineration site in East Jerusalem demonstrated the ways in which local factors combined to uniquely control trace metal contaminant mobility. Our results suggest that the combination of e-waste processing methods, climate, and mineralogy at this site generated a geopolymer-like material combining ash from e-waste incineration and mountain rendzina soil. This material strongly sorbs trace metal contaminants. We measured the concentrations of: Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn at 29 locations around and within the burn site. Samples collected less than 10 m from the edge of the incineration area had trace metal concentrations below the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. E.P.A.) screening levels for residential soil. Sequential extraction showed that ∼50–80% of the total mobilized Pb was released from the residual solid fraction, suggesting strong sorption or incorporation into soil components. Large differences in the measured average specific surface areas (SSA) of uncontaminated (26.18 m2/g) and contaminated (4.48 m2/g) samples, despite comparable mineralogy by XRD, suggested the production of a geopolymer-like material. This was supported by close similarities between the SSA values of contaminated samples and those measured for geopolymer materials synthesized in the lab using kaolinite clay and fly ash (e.g., 4.9 m2/g).

Please cite this article as: Friedlander, L.R., Weisbrod, N., Garb, Y.J., Climatic and soil-mineralogical controls on the mobility of trace metal contamination released by informal electronic waste (e-waste) processing, Chemosphere (2019)

Los aparatos electrónicos, omnipresentes en la cotidianidad urbana, plantean un desafío creciente en materia de gestión posconsumo por la tipología y cantidad de residuos que generan. Este trabajo busca analizar los procesos de valorización en torno a los cuales se relacionan los diferentes actores sociales dedicados a la revalorización de los Residuos Electrónicos de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (RE-TIC), en la ciudad de Mar del Plata, Argentina, a partir del examen de sus vínculos culturales y comerciales. El artículo es producto de una investigación que se desplegó a partir de varias estrategias: el examen de antecedentes latinoamericanos que hubiesen estudiado la problemática, desde la óptica de los actores; la pesquisa de información de primera mano, a través de técnicas como la observación participante y las entrevistas abiertas y en profundidad, a actores locales involucrados en las diferentes etapas de la comercialización de los RE-TIC y, finalmente, el análisis de los datos y testimonios recabados. Los resultados que se presentan surgen de las interrelaciones de los sujetos afines con los procesos de valorización de los RE-TIC, con base en los cuales se identificaron tres subsistemas: i) la formalidad del Estado, ii) la informalidad y iii) la extraformalidad. Concluimos que las circunstancias que cada actor enfrenta obedecen a condiciones estructurales propias de las lógicas del mercado, técnicas y de conocimiento. Asimismo, determinamos que no existe respaldo estatal normativo que formalice y articule a los diferentes actores para una gestión integral. Sin embargo, proponemos algunos lineamientos sustentables a nivel local. No se registran antecedentes que examinen en profundidad, de forma sistémica e integral, la problemática de las dinámicas sociales entorno a la valorización de dispositivos electrónicos en la ciudad. En consecuencia, este trabajo constituye un aporte social fundamental con miras a un futuro plan de gestión de este tipo de residuos.

The research analyses the new aesthetic sensibility that arises with sustainable project, in order to answer more specifically the following questions: what influence does the culture of sustainability have on the aesthetics of contemporary design? What are the future directions of the design project in relation to the possible declinations of the relationship between ecology/aesthetics/technology? The post-Darwinian idea of evolutionary pluralism influences sustainable design, with significant implications in our times from the point of view of the variety of  methods, technologies and aesthetic parameters (M. Ceruti, 1989). The idea of a one-best-way project is extraneous to the logic of design for sustainability. Eco-sustainable design is expressed above all as a variety of strategies, an open codification of ways to travel and experiment through the project. The contribution investigates the relationship between sustainable design, aesthetics and technological imagery, to arrive at a critical analysis of a series of design aesthetics in a context such as Anthropocene.

Global warming is caused by emission of greenhouse gases such as co2, which contributes to 65% of global warming. Cement industries as a global contributes to 7% of green house gases emission. In this regard, there is need for alternative binding materials from waste materials. In such case, glass being amorphous material with high silica content, can be used as pozzolanic material with particle size less than 75µm. In this research cement is replaced with glass powder by 0%, 10% &20% and the mechanical properties of concrete are studied such as compressive strength, flexural strength with glass powder immersion time in water as 0, 1&2hours.

Lo que se conoce como Green IT o traducido al español como Tecnologías Verdes se refiere al uso eficiente de los recursos tecnológicos minimizando el impacto ambiental, maximizando su viabilidad económica y asegurando la responsabilidad social .

Erróneamente se cree que Green IT identifica un tipo en particular de tecnologías o dispositivos que son amigables con el medioambiente, en realidad se trata del buen uso y la responsabilidad sobre toda la tecnología que confrontada con el medioambiente, tiene un tratamiento responsable y es amigable en la medida que esa tecnología lo permite.

Obviamente los fabricantes, desde hace ya varios años, han comenzado a producir tecnología específicamente considerando el medioambiente.

Estas tecnologías no han conformado a los mercados de manera masiva, en gran parte debido a sus costos o bien por una serie de supuestas desventajas al compararlas con las “no amigables” con el medioambiente.

Todo lo cual sigue siendo tema de debate, algunas prácticas son cuestionadas y otras deberías ser revisadas, desde la obsolescencia programada hasta la responsabilidad extendida de los fabricantes, siguen despertando discusiones acaloradas entre promotores y detractores.

Si bien es cierto que se ha ido avanzando y hoy existen muchas tecnologías verdes viables y sustentables, aún queda un camino largo por recorrer.

Recycling of wastes to recover raw materials is key aspect which leads to sustainable manufacturing. Wastes from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (commonly known as WEEEs) often abbreviated as " E-Waste " is one of the most threatening and fastest growing waste problems of the entire world. Developing countries like India are at a greater risk because of illegal imports and increasing domestic generation of e-wastes is observed and also since there are very little or no regulations or laws regarding e-waste management. 90% of all the million tons of e-waste of India are discarded by informal recyclers who use rudimentary methods of processing, thus causing air, water and ground pollution. A key factor in sustainable manufacturing is safe disposal and seeing as e-waste is the result of mass manufacturing of electronic goods, it is pivotal to dispose it safely. This paper highlights the present situation of e-waste management in India and its effects so far and presents a...

Electronic waste or e-waste describes discarded electrical or electronic devices. Used electronics which are destined for refurbishment, reuse, resale, salvage recycling through material recovery, or disposal are also considered e-waste. Informal processing of e-waste in developing countries can lead to adverse human health effects and environmental pollution. Electronic scrap components, such as CPUs, contain potentially harmful materials such as lead, cadmium, beryllium, or brominated flame retardants. Recycling and disposal of e-waste may involve significant risk to health of workers and their communities.

The aim of this project is to replace cement with plastic waste in the plastic paver blocks and to reduce the cost of paver block when compared to that of the conventional concrete paver blocks. At present nearly 60 lakhs tones of plastic waste is produced in India per year. The degradation rate of plastic is a very slow process. Hence the project is helpful in reducing plastic waste in a useful way. In this project we have used plastic waste in different proportions with M Sand, Iron Ore Tailings, Coarse Aggregate and Ceramic Waste. The paver blocks were prepared and tested and results were discussed.

Obat Vitamale adalah obat kuat herbal untuk dikonsumsi oleh pria, fungsi dan kegunaan Vitamale menjawab berbagai persoalan seksual yang dialami oleh pria. Manfaat produk ini sudah terjamin karena sudah melali uji klinis sudah dilakukan oleh para pakar ahlinya dibidang obat herbal keperkasaan pria. Bahan-bahan yang dikandung pun semuanya berbahan herbal alami, jadi Anda tak perlu lagi mengkhawatirkan keamanan utnuk mengkonsumsinya. Terlebih produk Vitamale juga sudah mengantongi ijin legal dari lembaga BPOM RI (Badan Pengawasan Obat dan Makan). Manfaat Obat Kuat Vitamale + Membantu meningkatkan vitalitas dan gairah seksual pria + Membantu meningkatkan stamina tubuh + Membantu meningkatkan kadar hormon testoteron + Membantu meningkatkan kualitas Pasutri dan tahan lama + Membantu meningkatkan produksi sperma dan mengatasi masalah kesuburan + Membantu keharmonisan pasangan suami istri + Membantu menenangkan pikiran dan meredakan kelelahan Aturan Minum Vitamale Untuk hasil yang maksimal, ada beberapa cara dalam mengonsumsi Obat Vitamale yaitu : Aturan Minum ke-1 Apabila Anda baru pertama kali meminum Vitamale, maka Anda cukup mengonsumsinya setengah kapsul saja, artinya anda harus membuka kemasan

Virtual Menageries
Mediologies of Animal Representation

From cat videos to corporate logos, digital screens and spaces are crowded with animal bodies. In Virtual Menageries, Jody Berland examines the role of animals in the spread of global communications. Her richly illustrated study links the contemporary  proliferation of animals on social media to the collection of exotic animals in the formative years of transcontinental exploration and expansion. By tracing previously unseen parallels across the history of exotic and digital menageries, Berland shows how and why animals came to bridge peoples, territories, and technologies in the expansion of colonial and capitalist cultures. 
Berland's genealogy of the virtual menagerie begins in 1414 when a ruler in Bengal sent a Kenyan giraffe to join a Chinese emperor's menagerie. It maps the beaver's role in the colonial conquest of Canada and examines the appearances of animals in early moving pictures. The menagerie is reinvented for the digital age when image and sound designers use parts or images of animals to ensure the affective promise and commercial spread of an emergent digital infrastructure. These animal images are emissaries that enliven and domesticate the ever-expanding field of mediation. Virtual Menageries offers a unique account of animals and animal images as mediators that encourage complicated emotional, economic and aesthetic investment in changing practices of connection.

Jody Berland is Professor in the Department of Humanities and in Graduate Programs in Communication and Culture, Social and Political Thought, Science and Technology Studies, and Music, at York University, Toronto, and Visiting Professor at the Centre for Human Animal Studies at Edge Hill University, UK. She is the author of North of Empire: Culture, Space, Technology.