Waste Materials

In our project work, the possibilities of using fly ash and copper slag in concrete as a partial replacement of cement and fine aggregate was investigated. The advancements in concrete can reduce the consumption of natural and energy sources and lessen the burden of pollutants on environment. Copper slag is an industrial by-product material produced from the process of manufacturing copper. Presently large amounts of fly ash are generated in thermal industries with an important impact on environment and humans. The ef ect of fly ash on soils and microorganisms in the soils are influenced by the pH of the ash and trace metal concentration in the ash. Fly ash can become lodged in the deepest part of your lungs, where they trigger asthma, inflammation and immunological reaction. In the present investigation, the incorporation of fly ash and copper slag is studied.

From the early age, cement is widely used construction material in any type of construction projects. In the modern era, the need and demand of the High Performance Concrete is increasing exponentially. Today Engineering is designing unparalleled structures that are contravention the rulebooks of conventional construction material like Concrete. These changes in the construction industry upsurge the need of the inventive materials. Introducing Micro-Fine particles, an advanced material in concrete that assist cement to overcome its feeble parts and have non-hazardous effect to people. In this paper we are going to discuss about the efficiency, economy and performance of the concrete with the addition of these Micro-Fine Particles obtained from industrial waste. The program is consisted of designing a suitable concrete mix design with the Micro Fine Particles to improve the different parameters in concrete like Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Split Tensile Strength and Chlorine Permeability in concrete. The entire test on concrete is conducted with the different percentage of replacement of cement with mineral admixtures. From this results we can say that the in micro fine materials the effect of each material on concrete and its advantages and disadvantages of Micro Fine particles. Testing on the concrete is conducted at M60 Grade.

The experimental investigation to remove the heavy metal from aqueous waste with the help of adsorption by activated carbon of waste materials is examined in the present study. The removal of heavy metals involved are Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni) and Iron (Fe). The different wastes like Saw dust, Khus waste, Neem tree bark, Lime peels, Groundnut shell, Orange peels, Neem tree leaves, Bamboo leaves, Marigold treated with NaOH and Na2CO3 activated carbon were involved to remove the heavy metals. The only metal that was not removed by any of the activated materials is Lead Pb, whose permissible limit is just 1mg/L. other metals were removed to maximum percentages were 60%.

The increased cost of virgin material, declining resources and increasing plastic wastes have turned the research momentum towards sustainable and green pavements. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) from the construction industry and plastic wastes disposal is the main problem for Pakistan as well as other developing countries in the face of fewer funds for the construction, repair, and rehabilitation of the extensive road network. In this research, the attempt has been made to study the use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and plastic wastes to counter these issues. Virgin binder was modified with three different contents (2%, 4%, and 6%) of Polyethylene Terephthalate and three contents (20%, 30%, and 40%) of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement. Conventional properties of the modified binder were determined by penetration and softening point. At the same time, thermal stability was checked by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, and resistance against rutting was evaluated with the help of Dynamic Shea...

The increased cost of virgin material, declining resources and increasing plastic wastes have turned the research momentum towards sustainable and green pavements. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) from the construction industry and plastic wastes disposal is the main problem for Pakistan as well as other developing countries in the face of fewer funds for the construction, repair, and rehabilitation of the extensive road network. In this research, the attempt has been made to study the use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and plastic wastes to counter these issues. Virgin binder was modified with three different contents (2%, 4%, and 6%) of Polyethylene Terephthalate and three contents (20%, 30%, and 40%) of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement. Conventional properties of the modified binder were determined by penetration and softening point. At the same time, thermal stability was checked by Thermal Gravimetric Analysis, and resistance against rutting was evaluated with the help of Dynamic Shea...

This paper presents a brief overview of recent electricity generation status, energy scenarios, biomass energy resources in Bangladesh, and technologies related to the use of biomass resources. The energy demand in Bangladesh has been increasing at a significantly high rate. The primary energy sources are coal, natural gas, oil, etc. but this kind of source will run out. Now the second most important energy source is renewable energy. Since biomass is a potential renewable energy source, it can be one of the best options. This work discusses overexploited biomass resources such as forest biomass and underexploited biomass resources such as municipal solid wastes and animal manures.