Urban Transport and Land-Use Integration

Land use involves a management and modification of natural environment. Regulating land use in an efficient way is an important term in the urban planning. This study is based on land use pattern of Rajshahi city corporation area in Bangladesh. This study seeks to find out the impact of change in land use pattern over the overall transportation system. Another major objective is to find out the change in road width and shrinkage of pedestrian ways due to the roadside informal activities. The study was conducted in several phases including questionnaire survey, field observation, and analysis of field data and interpretation of the data. The research will act as a base study for implementing public transport mode like tram, bus in Rajshahi city, Bangladesh. To understand the impact of informal activity in Rajshahi city, this study will approach as a guideline.

After colonial times Latin America has been characterized by informal urbanization processes and spontaneous appropriation of the territory without any regulation or structure (Alcaldía de Medellín, 2006). Nowadays, in the specific case of Colombia, the migration processes continue and the main cities are still receiving thousands of people motivated for the economic opportunities or forced by the internal armed conflict. In Colombia, more than 75% of the population is living in cities and from that percentage, between 20 and 30% of the urban population is living in informal and precarious settlements. Colombia and Brazil are the countries with the highest rates of inequality and the lowest rates of urban security in Latin America (Echeverri, 2011).

Medellín is the capital of the department of Antioquia, the second largest city in Colombia and is located in the Metropolitan Area of the Aburrá Valley, the second largest urban agglomeration in the country with more than 3.731.447 inhabitants. Almost 50% of the population of the city lives in informal settlements and occupy geographically dangerous areas (DANE, 2010). After decades of violence, insecurity, inequality and social segregation, in the last decade the city has experienced an urban renewal process so called Social Urbanism.

The bases of the Social Urbanism processes were the Urban Integration Projects (PUI), as a strategy of physical intervention in informal areas of the city. This paper is focused on the project development and management of the Northeastern Urban Integration Project (PUI), located in an area characterized for high levels of marginalization, segregation, poverty, violence and one of the lowest quality of life rates in the city.

Keywords: Informal settlements, public space, social housing, public facilities, environment, public transport, urban integration project, social urbanism, project management, urban development.

Because of improving accessibility, transport developments play an important role in residence choice of renter households. In this paper, an agent-based model is developed to investigate impacts of different transport developments on residence choice of renter households in Tehran, the capital of Iran. In the proposed model, renter households are considered as agents who make a multi-objective decision and compete with each other to rent a preferred residential zone. Then, three transport development scenarios including construction a new highway, subway and bus rapid transit (BRT) line are simulated and resulting changes in residence choice of agents are evaluated. Results show that transport development scenarios significantly affect residence choice behavior of different socioeconomic categories of renter households and lead to considerable changes in the residential demand, the ​composition of residents, mean income level and mean car ownership in their vicinities.