Renovation

Increasing number of students of the Silesian University of Technology in recent years, connected with the emergence of new trends and increasing number of admissions to the existing guidelines have created a need to establish an object that should facilitate work of developing the students organizations, and it should be a place for students events, meetings and leisure activities. So far, the place of the Silesian University of Technology students boards and clubs in the former “cinema-theater X” and “Spiral Club”; is not suitable for students office work, and because of the changing standards of utility and increasing demands for proper spaces is unable to meet current needs.
Spread students organizations are not able to establish proper initiatives. Lack of technical conditions significantly reduces the standard of existing activities. Thus, the Rector of Silesian University of Technology took up the initiative to adapt old university canteen No. 2, an create a modern center for students life and organizations. At the same time University started to eliminate temporary offices in cinema-theater “X”

In the aftermath of the demolition of Pruit Igoe it was thought to be the end of modernist high-rise housing complexes that made people dreamt to finally have the solution to ever increasing housing needs. The failure was deemed to put an end to the towers that enabled high density housing and soon finding an alternative for this approach was initiated. Though for lack of success many other similar project faced demolition without a second thought into value judgement.

The destruction of building blocks has been called into question for the intense environmental impact and implicit waste of resources that demolition/reconstruction represents. Refurbishment is being
increasingly proposed as  potentially the better alternate option when the original structures are sound as it requires less money.

An unique approach to redefining the modern social housing block with the help of new construction techniques resulted into a diverse living unit through means of experimentation. This document tries to understand the process in a pictorial analysis into the body of works done by the Architect.

Η παρούσα εργασία, εξετάζει τις σύγχρονες επεμβάσεις σε ιστορικά οχυρωματικά συγκροτήματα και τον τρόπο με τον οποίο η νέα αρχιτεκτονική συνδιαλέγεται με την υφιστάμενη δομή.
Η οχυρωματική αρχιτεκτονική αποτελεί μια ιδιαίτερη κατηγορία μνημείων, που δημιουργήθηκε με στόχο την προστασία από επιδρομές και επιθέσεις. Για το λόγο αυτό χαρακτηρίζεται από μορφές εσωστρεφείς, με ελάχιστο φωτισμό, αποπνικτική ατμόσφαιρα και μικρούς και στενούς χώρους. Για να γίνει εφικτή η επανάχρηση ενός τέτοιου χώρου, είναι αναγκαίος ο επαναπροσδιορισμός της λειτουργίας του, η μετατροπή του από κάτι σκοτεινό και εσωστρεφές, σε κάτι ευχάριστο και εξωστρεφές, που θα ανταποκρίνεται στις ανάγκες της σύγχρονης διαβίωσης.
Αυτή ακριβώς η πρόκληση που χαρακτηρίζει τη διαδικασία του μετασχηματισμού, μας οδήγησε στην επιλογή της συγκεκριμένης κατηγορίας κτιρίων, καθώς η ριζική αλλαγή της χρήσης τους παρουσιάζει αυξημένο επίπεδο δυσκολίας: ο αρχιτέκτονας πρέπει μέσα από την επέμβαση του, να σεβαστεί τις αξίες που χαρακτηρίζουν το ιστορικό κτίριο, και επιπλέον να δώσει λύσεις στα πολυάριθμα προβλήματα που προκύπτουν από την ιδιαίτερη φύση και τη δομή των κτισμάτων αυτής της κατηγορίας.
Μέσα από την ανάλυση μιας σειράς παραδειγμάτων, που εντοπίζονται στον ευρωπαϊκό χώρο, διερευνούμε τη διαλεκτική σχέση ανάμεσα στις νέες επεμβάσεις και στο υφιστάμενο ιστορικό δόμημα. Πρόκειται για διαφορετικούς τύπους επεμβάσεων, στις οποίες, τόσο οι νέες χρήσεις και τα υλικά που επιλέγονται, όσο και ο τρόπος με τον οποίο αντιμετωπίζονται τα ιστορικά κελύφη, είναι διαφορετικά. Ωστόσο το κοινό σημείο τους, είναι η δημιουργικότητα που χαρακτηρίζει τις επεμβάσεις, η επιλογή ισχυρών μορφών και σύγχρονων υλικών που αποτελούν μια νέα ξεκάθαρη αρχιτεκτονική φάση που συνδιαλέγεται με την προϋπάρχουσα δομή. Πρόκειται, ουσιαστικά, για την αναβίωση των κτιρίων αυτών, μέσω μιας νέας αρχιτεκτονικής, και όχι πλέον μέσω της αναπαραγωγής παλαιότερων προτύπων. Κυρίαρχο χαρακτηριστικό είναι ο διάλογος που δημιουργείται από τις αντιθέσεις ανάμεσα στο παλιό και στο νέο, η σχέση των οποίων καθορίζεται από τον αρχιτέκτονα με τη χρήση διαφόρων εκφραστικών μέσων.
Στόχος είναι, μέσω αυτής της έρευνας, να προκύψουν συμπεράσματα σχετικά με τον τρόπο που η σύγχρονη αρχιτεκτονική «εισβάλει» σε ένα ιστορικό κτίριο, και να γίνει μια προσπάθεια να απαντηθούν τα εξής ερωτήματα:

• Πως επιτυγχάνεται η ισορροπία και η ενότητα ανάμεσα στο νέο και το παλιό;
• Σε τι βαθμό μπορούμε να επέμβουμε στο κτίριο και πώς δικαιολογείται αυτή η αναγκαιότητα;
• Με ποιους τρόπους αναδεικνύονται οι αξίες του μνημείου μέσω του νέου σχεδιασμού και πώς η χρήση σύγχρονων υλικών επηρεάζει αυτή τη διαδικασία;
• Ποιες χρήσεις και υλικά θεωρούνται τα πλέον κατάλληλα για τα φρούρια;

La maintenance des systèmes industriels est devenue un point essentiel lors de leur conception et de leur exploitation, tant pour des questions de sécurité et de sûreté de fonctionnement, que pour des questions de rentabilité.
Le plan de cette présentation :
- Approche de la Maintenance Industrielle
- Les stratégies de la maintenance
- Organisation du service maintenance
- La maintenance et le risque électrique

La maintenance des systèmes industriels est devenue un point essentiel lors de leur conception et de leur exploitation, tant pour des questions de sécurité et de sûreté de fonctionnement, que pour des questions de rentabilité.
Le plan de ce rapport :
- Approche de la Maintenance Industrielle
- Les stratégies de la maintenance
- Organisation du service maintenance
- Les interactions maintenance - production
- La maintenance et le risque électrique

La chaudière a connu durant les dernières années une chute de performances remarquable. Ce système, à lui seul, est l’élément le plus critique dans la centrale vu qu’il est indispensable au démarrage fuel de la turbine. Cette situation a nécessité une rénovation du système contrôle commande afin de rétablir ses performances d’origines et améliorer sa disponibilité, pour cela nous avons étudié et conçu une nouvelle armoire de contrôle commande.
Pour ce faire, nous avons décortiqué le projet en plusieurs tâches qui se présentent comme suit :
  - Analyse de l’état actuel et l’établissement d’une étude de la défaillance.
  - Elaboration d’une analyse fonctionnelle.
  - Etude des solutions d’automatisme.
  -    Elaboration du programme de l’unité de traitement.
  - Conception d’une interface de supervision.
  - Renouvellement des éléments de protection.

Over the Eastern Mediterranean Coast, a historical centre, well known as the port of the Phoenicians, stands facing the sea where ships sail across the blue horizon. There lie the oldest historical monuments of Sidon that remain undocumented. This paper's aim is to study these buildings that have been damaged by urbanization by using methodological norms and predict their social practices that were inhabited with the lifestyle of fishermen and by which we came across many repetitive patterns that turned out to be modular. By envisaging the modular spatial practices of ruined buildings, their cores of which we had no previous information, we can restore those buildings to their original state.

Demolition or renovation? Choosing can be a complex task, having to consider the initial conditions and predict future scenarios. Although building organisms regeneration potential is manifold, the technology and construction system can play a decisive role in the determination of the end of their life cycle, due to the costs of renovation and structural and energy adaptation. In addition to economic assessments, political, historical, and social motivations are involved, or in some cases are put first. Therefore, the final phase of a building's life is not always indisputably determinable; there are two possible scenarios that are often outlined under a condition of functional inefficiency: Demolish or Renovate. Through the application of two approaches, the demolition project and the renovation project for the same case study in Pozzuoli, it is possible to highlight the potential, advantages and consequences of the two different ways of action.

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία διερευνά το ζήτημα της αναβίωσης του εγκαταλειμμένου οικισμού του Ανάβατου, στην κεντρική Χίο. Το προτεινόμενο σενάριο περιλαμβάνει την αναβίωση του οικισμού μέσω της δημιουργίας μιας περιοχής κατοικίας, με δυνατότητα φιλοξενίας τριακοσίων νέων κατοίκων, και της εγκατάστασης πολιτιστικών χρήσεων στον ερειπιώνα της Ακρόπολης. Στόχος της επέμβασης είναι, ουσιαστικά, η προστασία του οικισμού μέσω της επανακατοίκισής του.

Sustainability has become a fundamental requirement for the future of our cities.
This requirement is mostly associated with environmental issues, and a great effort has been made in the past years to build a low-carbon society. However, sustainability must also be associated with safety.
As a consequence, in seismic countries, sustainable cities must be not only low-carbon-emitting bust also earthquake-safe.
This concept represents the basic premise of this book.
According to this premise, in earthquake-prone nations like Italy—where most of the building stock is both highly earthquake-vulnerable and energy-consuming—energy renovation actions should be combined with seismic upgrades. Nevertheless, many barriers significantly limit the real possibility of undertaking combined retrofit measures, especially in the case of multi-owner housing and high-rise buildings. These barriers are of different kinds: economic/financial (high renovation costs, insufficient incentives and subsidies, landlord-tenant dilemmas, etc.), technical (ineffectiveness of conventional upgrade solutions, need of regulatory simplification, etc.), organizational (occupants’ dislocation and disruption, consensus to the retrofit expenditure by condominium ownerships, excessive time for getting construction permits, etc.), and cultural/social (insufficient information and skills, lack of adequate policy measures for promoting renovation actions).
This book aims to overcome these barriers and to bridge the gap between sustainability and safety, so to conserve both human and environmental resources. It brings together 11 contributions on different seismic and energy renovation measures, proposing technical solutions at district, building, and component level, for both historic and modern case studies.
Finally, I would like to thank the editorial team of Sustainability for inviting me to guest-edit the Special Issue on “Energy and Seismic Renovation Strategies for Sustainable Cities” which has been transformed into this book. I also thank all the authors and reviewers for their fundamental contributions.

The Modern Movement has demonstrated its long term legitimacy, as a concept endowed with an extraordinary and lasting longevity. Either way, it becomes increasingly important to acknowledge and value this heritage, in order to enable a skilled, informed and enlightened intervention. Such matters as materials and technology reuse, spatial and functional transformations as well as updating legislation, are part of the contemporary agenda. Knowing that many modern architects sought new heights of functionality and changeability, the challenge for today is how to deal with the heritage in relation to its continuously changing context, physical, economic and functional, as well as socio-cultural, political and scientific. I consider that the reuse project is starting to “make history” and I share the idea that heritage transforms itself with us. Therefore, modern architecture can be a resource that asks for our attention in terms of quality, economy and sustainability.

See full contents at:
https://www.docomomo.com/journal/dj-52
https://dx.doi.org/10.52200/52.I.I8Z9JYYX

D. REGIS,  (a cura di) Atlante dei borghi rurali alpini, Il caso Paraloup, Fondazione Nuto Revelli, 2012
E’ un volume edito dalla Fondazione Nuto Revelli che annovera nel comitato dei garanti Roberto Cerati, Claudio Pavone, Mario Rigoni Stern, Giorgio Rochat, Corrado Stajano. Il volume è a cura di Daniele Regis, dei cinque capitoli quattro sono a firma di Regis. La Presentazione è di Marco Revelli, presidente della Fondazione Nuto Revelli, storico sociologo e politologo tra i più autorevoli in ambito internazionale, ordinario all’Università del Piemonte orientale. Un capitolo è affidato a Giancarlo Allen fondatore e segretario nazionale dell’Associazione Nazionale Architettura Bioecologica, giudice italiano della Commissione internazionale del Premio Konstructive, che scrive su Paraloup e sul premio internazionale del Principato del Liechtenstein per costruzioni e ristrutturazioni sostenibili nelle Alpi, (menzione speciale a Paraloup) una delle più importanti azioni della Convenzione delle Alpi. E’ il primo volume dedicato interamente al rilievo e all’analisi di un’intera borgata alpina, il primo “capitolo” - scrive Marco Revelli - di un più generale ‘Atlante dei borghi rurali alpini’ di cui si sente disperatamente la necessità e alla cui concezione e progettazione ha lavorato con straordinario impegno la Facoltà  di Architettura. Daniele Regis scrive la presentazione del progetto dell’Atlante delle borgate alpine mettendone in luce le novità’ rispetto alle esperienze nazionali e internazionali, il taglio incentrato sulla borgata alpina nella sua unità, nella sua interezza come strumento di progetto".
Questo “Quaderno n. 1” della Fondazione Nuto  Revelli segue il Quaderno 0, Costruire nel paesaggio rurale Alpino, opera in italiano e inglese, che descrive il progetto di recupero della Borgata Paraloup in modo completo dall’ideazione  sino al  computo  metrico. Progetto premiato nel 2011 in Slovenia da tutti i Ministri d’Ambiente d’Europa in occasione della “XI Conferenza delle Alpi” e della prima Conferenza degli stati Dinarici, vincitore del Primo premio ex equo del prestigioso Premio Internazionale “Gubbio” nell’edizione 2012, Bandiera verde di Legambiente e Premio Uncem Borghi Alpini, Finalista al Premio The Plan, ( sezione culture) Premio UIAA 2017 , e vincitore della Rassegna Architetti Arco Alpino.
Il progetto è stato recensito -tra le molte pubblicazioni- su Abitare, Bauwelt, Hochparterre, e sui quotidiani La Stampa, Repubblica, Il Corriere della sera, Il sole 24 ore, L’Unità, Il manifesto, sui RAI 3 e TG3 Montagne.

This volume is published by Fondazione Nuto Revelli, whose members include Roberto Cerati, Claudio Pavone, Mario Rigoni Stern, Giorgio Rochat, Corrado Stajano. In this book four chapters out of five are edited by Daniele Regis. The preface is written by Marco Revelli, president of Fondazione Nuto Revelli, one of the most renowned social and political historian from all over the world and professor at the University of Eastern Piedmont. The remaining chapter is entrusted to Giancarlo Allen, founder member and national secretary of the National Association of Bioecological Architecture, Italian judge of the international Commission at ‘Konstruktiv’ Prize. Furthermore he has written about the Paraloup’s project and the international Liechtenstein Prize concerning sustainable building and refurbishment in the Alps (special mention to Paraloup), one of the most important action of the Alpine Convention. This is the very first book entirely dedicated to an alpine village and its mountain. ‘In the first chapter it is evident the idea and the strong commitment given by the Architecture University’, claims Mr. Marco Revelli. Daniele Regis presents ‘Atlante dei borghi rurali’ underlining the innovations brought in the project through national and international experiences, focusing the attention on the alpine village as a whole and as a planning instrument.
‘Quaderno n. 1’ was published after ‘Quaderno 0, Costruire nel paesaggio rurale Alpino’, available also in English version, it is a detailed description of the restoration project of the alpine Paraloup’s village from the conception to the bill of quantities. The project won many prizes, in 2011 was awarded in Slovenia on occasion of the “XI Alpine Conference” and “1st Dinaric Alps Conference”, in 2012 won ex-equo the prestigious international Prize ‘Gubbio’, the ‘Bandiera Verde’ of Legambiente and the Uncem Borghi Alpini Prize.
The project was reviewed on magazines ‘Abitare’, ‘Bauwelt’, ‘Hochparterre’ and newspapers ‘La Stampa’, ‘Repubblica’, ‘Il Corriere della sera’, ‘Il sole 24 ore’, ‘L’Unità’, ‘Il manifesto’, and broadcast on ‘RAI 3’ e ‘TG3 Montagne’.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tarihi yapıları yeniden işlevlendirme doğrultusunda uygulanan ve farklı yöntemler üzerinden ortaya çıkan mimari kontrastın estetik ve işlevsel açıdan incelenmesidir. Kent hafızasında nirengi noktası oluşturan kimi kamusal mekânlar; yangın, deprem, savaş veya başka sebeplerden dolayı kullanılamaz ya da günümüz şartlarında fonksiyon açısından yetersiz hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada eski yapıları yeniden canlandırmak üzere kullanılan yeniden işlevlendirme, yenileme, eklemlenme ve kısmi koruma olarak tanımlanan dört farklı renovasyon yöntemi; tanımları yapılarak Türkiye ve dünyadan örnekler üzerinden incelenerek değerlendirilmiştir.

Modern çağın gerektirdiği popüler mimari unsurları tarihi yapılarla bir araya getiren bu yaklaşımlar; kent ve toplum hafızasında yeni imgeler oluşturmakta zorlanırken aynı zamanda oldukça eleştirilmektedirler. Dönüşüm projeleri kentsel silueti bozmamalı ama aynı zamanda çağdaş mimarlık unsurlarına uygun olmalıdır. Bu anlamda “bağlam”, içinde bulunulan mimarlık kültürünü ve coğrafyayı oldukça iyi anlamaya ve araştırmaya yönelik bir biçimde ele alınmalıdır. Çevredeki yapılar tarafından benimsenerek kentin doğal atmosferini bozmaması gereken “yenilenen / dönüştürülen tarihi yapı”  eğer cephede yarattığı zıtlık varsa uyumsuzluk içinde uyumu yakalamalı ve karşıtlığın biçimsel estetiğini yansıtmalıdır.

İstanbul’da bulunan Devlet Tiyatroları Üsküdar Tekel Sahneleri, Beyazıt Devlet Kütüphanesi ve Bükreş’teki Romanya Mimarlar Birliği Binası ile Novotel bu çalışmada detaylıca analiz edilmiştir. Buna göre çeşitli tüzüklerin incelenmesinin ardından; yenilenen mevcut eski yapıların; tarihi değerleri ve kültürel geçmişin anısını yok sayıp saymadıkları, yeni işleve uygun mekânsal hacimlerin yeterli ve fonksiyonel olup olmadığı ya da görsel açıdan çevresi ile uyum / kontrast estetiği sağlayıp sağlamadığı gibi sorular üzerinden incelenen yapılar; mimarlıkta tarihi yapıları yeniden işlevlendirmede kontrast estetiği üzerine eleştirel bir yaklaşım ortaya çıkartmaktadır. 
CONTRAST AESTHETICS IN ARCHITECTURE
An Evaluation on Contrast Aesthetics in Re-Use of Historical Buildings

The aim of this study is to examine the architectural contrast which is formed by the different methods of the re-use of historical buildings in the context of aesthetics and function.
Some of the historical public spaces such as landmarks of the cities have become unfunctional in terms of todays circumstances or fall into disuse because of the fires, earthquakes or other reasons such as the bombings during wars.
In this study, four different renovation methods which are re-use, renovation, adaptive reuse and partial protection are defined and analysed by the examples from around Turkey and the world. These new approaches whom combine the popular architectural elements with historical buildings are criticized a lot becasue it is difficult to create new images of the historical buildings in the cognitive memory of the city and society.

Renovation projects must be suitable for the norms of contemporary architecture and also should not disrupt the urban silhouette of the city. In this sense, “context” should be handled in a way to understand and research the geography and the architectural culture of the historical area. The “renovated / transformed historical buildings”, should not disturb the surrounding structures and not corrupt the natural atmosphere of the city indeed they need to
catch the harmony in disparity and reflect the formal aesthetics of contrast if there is one.

State Theatres of Uskudar Tekel Stages, Beyazıt State Library of Istanbul, The Union of Romanian Architects Building and Novotel of Bucharest are the structures which have been analysed in detail in this study. Accordingly, after the examination of various architectural charters; these renovated buildings are examined  through questions such as whether they ignore the historical values and the memory of the cultural past or not, whether the new volumes designed for the new functions are sufficient and functional enough or not and is there a contrast aesthetics between the old and the new building…The answers provide us to criticize the harmony of the re-used / renovated historical buildings in the context of aesthetics.

This chapter aims to provide a theoretical framework in order to systematize old and new media relationships. In particular, I propose to split the political, economic, technological and cultural relations between old and new media into four coexisting and at times overlapping steps (imitation, specification, change, and continuity) and, for each stage, to give examples from the media history of the last two hundred years. Reflections on the media life cycles, media change, intermediality, “new” as digital in the conclusion helps understanding that the old and the new is not a dichotomy.

This paper presents different trends in façadism and provides examples and views of its supporters and adversaries. To better grasp whether the preservation of building façades proves authentic, this paper evaluates three possible explanations for façadism's use in building renovations: 1) Developers aim to practice cultural preservation by preserving a place's authenticity, 2) Free interpretation of internationally accepted cultural-heritage policy documents may lead to façadism practices, or 3) Extant examples help countries and institutions decide whether to conserve architectural heritage or to confront façadism as a negative contribution to the city.

This article explores the repeated renovation of south Indian temples over the past millennium and the conception of the Tamil temple-city. Though the requirement for renovation is unremarkable, some “renovations” have involved the wholesale replacement of the central shrine, in theory the most sacred part of the temple. Rather than explaining such radical rebuilding as a consequence of fourteenth-century iconoclasm, temple
renovation is considered in this article as an ongoing process. Several periods of architectural reconstruction from the tenth to the early twentieth centuries demonstrate the evolving relationship between building, design and sacred geography over one millennium of Tamil temple history. The conclusion explores the
widespread temple “renovations” by the devout Nakarattar (Nattukottai Chettiar) community in the early twentieth century, and the consequent dismay of colonial archaeologists at the perceived destruction of South India’s monumental heritage, in order to reassess the lives and meanings of Tamil sacred sites.

Diversas intervenciones en Colombia y el mundo han demostrado que la necesidad de renovar algunas zonas de la ciudad y el requerimiento de mantener en ellas evidencias visibles del pasado, son dos factores compatibles y complementarios. Trabajados en su justa proporción, dan un valor agregado a los proyectos que pueden marcar la diferencia frente a otros desarrollos.
El planteamiento que se hace en este artículo parte de esa realidad: la renovación urbana y la conservación del patrimonio cultural son compatibles y complementarios; son dos partes de una misma realidad. Se apuesta, por lo tanto,  a que los procesos de renovación urbana mantengan muestras visibles y tangibles del pasado.
Para sustentar ese postulado, el artículo se desarrolla en cinco partes principales: en primer lugar se revisan razones por las cuales es importante el patrimonio cultural en procesos de renovación urbana; en la segunda parte se revisa la manera como Bogotá maneja y reglamenta su patrimonio cultural; en tercer lugar se muestran las principales dificultades existentes en la relación patrimonio-renovación urbana, formas para hacer frente a ellas y algunos ejemplos de casos en los que se ponen en práctica; en cuarto término se ahonda en los incentivos y las compensaciones, como instrumentos que hacen parte de las soluciones y pueden contribuir de forma significativa al acercamiento entre el patrimonio cultural y la renovación urbana; finalmente se plantean unas conclusiones.

Conferenza sul tema del restauro e della riqualificazione urbana dei luoghi di importanza storica. In particolare l'attenzione viene incentrata sulla riqualificazione del Borgo Castello (2010-2014) realizzata su progetto dello studio Di Dato & Meninno Architetti Associati (capogruppo) assieme ad un raggruppamento di più studi professionali. Vengono illustrate le principali tematiche e strategie progettuali a partire dalla filosofia del progetto fino al dettaglio architettonico, al fine di far comprendere l'importanza di un corretto approccio nei luoghi storico-monumentali.

El contrato de arrendamiento de vivienda ha tenido amplio desarrollo normativo, su regulación se encuentra contenida en la Ley 820 de 2003. Por su parte el contrato de arrendamiento comercial se encuentra regulado exiguamente en los artículos 518 a 524 del Código de Comercio; paralelamente a estas normatividades está el Decreto 3817 de 1982, el cual en su artículo 5º regula la situación del arrendador en los casos en que el arrendatario ha dado cumplimiento a las obligaciones dinerarias derivadas del contrato, sosteniendo que en dichos casos, el vencimiento del término inicial no es causal para dar por terminado el contrato, norma que va en contravía de lo dispuesto en el artículo 2008, numeral 2º del Código Civil, que estipula que la expiración del término pactado en el contrato es causal para darlo por terminado. Dicha norma se encuentra vigente y tiene plena aplicabilidad tanto en contratos de arrendamiento de vivienda, como en contratos comerciales. En consecuencia se plantea que el numeral 5º del artículo 3817 de 1982, implica una limitación al derecho de dominio del propietario y va en contra vía del principio que establece que el contrato es Ley para las partes.

All around the world, a huge amount of buildings have been built before the enforcement of specific codes for seismic resistance and energy efficiency. Particularly in Italy, over 74% of residential buildings were constructed before 1980, when only 25% of the territory was classified as seismic, and nearly 86% were built before 1991, when the first restrictive regulation on energy efficiency was issued. This means that most buildings need both seismic and energy renovation actions to improve their sustainability level. The proposed combined retrofit strategy for reinforced concrete framed buildings is based on the replacement of the external layer of double-leaf infill walls, made of hollow bricks, with high-performing AAC blocks: this solution can be implemented by operating mainly from the outside of the building, thus reducing occupants' disruption during retrofitting. The generally neglected structural contribution of masonry infill panels is here considered using a recently developed macro-element modeling approach. The results suggest that, from a structural viewpoint, the proposed intervention involves the highest improvement at the damage limitation limit state, while lower upgrades are recorded at life safety limit state and near-collapse limit state. In regards to the energy issues, the energy demand can be reduced by 10% and 4% for heating and cooling, respectively, just by replacing the outer layer of blocks; further savings can be achieved through the application of a supplementary insulation layer.

Advancing energy efficient renovation solutions in residential buildings necessitate adopting
high-insulation and airtightness to avoid heat loss through transmission and infiltration, which can result in
overheating. Elevated indoor temperatures have been proved to have a highly negative effect on occupants’
health and well-being. Energy efficient solutions to the problem with overheating include limiting the solar
heat gains through the glazed parts of the facade and effective ventilation. A typical Danish residential
apartment building from 1850-1900 recently refurbished, was modelled with five different solar shading
devices and three typical ventilation solutions. External solar shading could efficiently reduce overheating
below the limits specified by the national building regulations in all tested cases. The marquisolette reduced
the number of occupied hours with temperature above 27 °C by min. 85%, the external venetian blinds by
min. 81%, and the drop arm awning by min. 74% compared to the situation without solar shading. The
internal solar shading as venetian blinds and roller blind could reduce the overheating hours by 20-40%,
which was efficient only in combination with mechanical ventilation in case of south and east building
orientations.

The paper presents the history and trends of facadism, with examples from around the world, including a case where the State intervened for the suspension of facadism plans after alarmed academics referred to the Supreme Administrative Court. The different practices and scopes of facadism are presented, along with the views of its supporters and adversaries. Issues of authenticity arising from facadism interventions are discussed.  Answers on whether building renovation through facadism consists of cultural preservation practice and preservation of the authenticity of a place, are sought in internationally accepted cultural heritage policy documents. These may provide solutions that could assist countries and institutions to make the right decisions regarding the conservation of architectural heritage, and confront extreme facadism practices through planning programs, legislative measures and education.

In the historic old town of Sulaymaniyah, heritage houses built by wealthy  merchant families during the 19th-century as well as Iraq's third-largest archaeological museum were damaged in an earthquake in 2017. With funds from the Gerda Henkel Foundation, the houses were saved to be accessible for the public in the future and the museum was restored so it could be opened safely again. This article is a report about the restoration of the houses Azadi Noori Bag and Mutabchi.

Untersucht werden die Konzepte, an denen sich die Umbauten, Erweiterungen, Erneuerungen und Renovationen des Basler Münsters seit der Errichtung des spätromanischen Baus bis zu den großen historistischen Renovationen des 19. Jh. orientierten.
It examines the concepts on which the alterations, extensions, renovations and additions to Basel Cathedral were based from the construction of the late Romanesque building to the major historicist renovations of the 19th century.

Pemborong Rumah Murah Dimojokerto,Pemborong Rumah Di Surabaya,Pemborong Rumah Surabaya,Pemborong Rumah Mojokerto,Pemborong Rumah Gresik,Pemborong Rumah Pasuruan,Pemborong Rumah Sidoarjo,Jasa Pemborong Rumah Di Sidoarjo,Pemborong Bangun Rumah Surabaya,Pemborong Renovasi Rumah Surabaya
Kami adalah pelaku usaha di bidang sipil- kontruksi yang berkaitan dengan pembangunan rumah dan bangunan. Layanan yang kami berikan diantaranya :
1. Jasa Renovasi Dan Pembangunan Rumah
2. Pemasangan Rangka Atap Galvalum
3. Pembuatan Interior Untuk Kantor-Showroom- Meeting Room Rumah/ Villa / Apartement.
4. Pemasangan Sekat Partisi Untuk Kantor Dengan Bahan Kalsiboard
5. Pembuatan Gudang Kontruksi Baja.

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Eastern Europe today is confronted with an unavoidable problem - the multifamily apartment building stock is deteriorating but apartment owners do not have sufficient access to resources, be they organizational, financial, technical, or legal. In addition, destructive myths have grown about the Soviet era buildings despite their continued resilience or the ex-GDR experience in the 90s with the same buildings. Further, without resources, decision making in residential apartments is seen as a major obstacle, and is used as an explanation for why renovation has not taken place in Latvia. This is important not only in the context of a potential housing crisis but also because the renovation of apartment buildings is an effective solution to significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. It has a proven potential to effectively finance the long-term renovation of these buildings. This paper summarizes the first findings of a comprehensive and in-depth study of apartment buildings, their owners and the processes relating to renovation, combining social and environmental engineering research methods. It seeks to understand how owners of multi-family buildings in Eastern Europe understand their buildings, and then to answer two questions: how to motivate owners to renovate their homes and increase energy efficiency, and what business models should be used to implement economically viable and high-quality projects.