Pair Production

The photon is demystified in energy wave theory as a transverse wave packet of energy, resulting from the vibration of particles that are responding to waves that naturally travel the universe. In earlier works in the theory, the photon was accurately modeled mathematically with the same wave properties that govern the creation of particles and their forces. In this paper, the photon’s behavior is further explained to match various photon experiments, describing the mechanism for the creation and absorption of transverse waves.

In this paper we study the possibility of efficient pair production in a pulsar’s magnetosphere. It has been shown that by means of relativistic centrifugal force the electrostatic field exponentially amplifies. As a result the field approaches the Schwinger limit leading to a pair creation process in the light cylinder area where the effects of rotation are very efficient. Analysing the parameters of the normal period (∼1 s) pulsars we found that the process is so efficient that the number density of electron–positron pairs exceeds the Goldreich–Julian density by five orders of magnitude.

The mass-potential symmetry derived from the extended energy-momentum relation implies matter-antimatter antigravity, a repulsive force between matter and antimatter. It naturally explains the accelerating expansion of the universe and the observation of seemingly more matter than antimatter. This article reveals the versatile roles of antigravity in extensive astronomical phenomena ranging from black hole radiation, astronomical jets, cosmic gamma rays, fast radio bursts, supernova explosions and many other astronomical observations that cannot be explained by existing theories that don't recognize the repulsive antigravity. Thanks to a myriad of large-scale astronomical observations and comprehensive investigations, many consequences predicted by the antigravity effects are readily supported by images and analyses available to the general public. This article is meant to offer a brand-new perspective on the everperplexing eternal universe.

The Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau formalism with vector and scalar potentials is used to point out a few misconceptions diffused in the literature. It is explicitly shown that the scalar coupling makes the DKP formalism not equivalent to the Klein-Gordon formalism or to the Proca formalism, and that the spin-1 sector of the DKP theory looks formally like the spin-0 sector. With proper boundary conditions, scattering of massive bosons in an arbitrary mixed vector-scalar square step potential is explored in a simple way and effects due to the scalar coupling on the particle-antiparticle production and localization of bosons are analyzed in some detail.

A small decrease in T c of 0.3 K to 0.5 K is observed when as much as 90% of the 16 O in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 is substituted with 18 O. This result is consistent with our observation that there is an oxygen isotope effect in La 1.85 Sr 0.15 CuO 4 , but in contrast with previous reports ...

We measure the mass of the top quark in lepton+jets final states using the full sample of pp collision data collected by the D0 experiment in Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider at sqrt[s] = 1.96 TeV, corresponding to 9.7 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity. We use a matrix element technique that calculates the probabilities for each event to result from tt production or background. The overall jet energy scale is constrained in situ by the mass of the W boson. We measure m(t) = 174.98 ± 0.76 GeV. This constitutes the most precise single measurement of the top-quark mass.

Low-energy SUSY and several other theories that address the hierarchy problem predict pair-production at the LHC of particles with Standard Model quantum numbers that decay to jets, missing energy, and possibly leptons. If an excess of such events is seen in LHC data, a theoretical framework in which to describe it will be essential to constraining the structure of the new physics. We propose a basis of four deliberately simplified models, each specified by only 2-3 masses and 4-5 branching ratios, for use in a first characterization of data. Fits of these simplified models to the data furnish a quantitative presentation of the jet structure, electroweak decays, and heavy-flavor content of the data, independent of detector effects. These fits, together with plots comparing their predictions to distributions in data, can be used as targets for describing the data within any full theoretical model.

It is shown that if the magnetic field and angular momentum of a Kerr black hole are large enough, the vacuum surrounding the hole is unstable because any stray charged particles will be electrostatically accelerated and will radiate, with the radiation producing electron- ...