PGM

This work critically examines every one of the spells and rites translated in Hans Dieter Betz's "Greek Magical Papyri in Translation" and Daniel & Maltomini's "Supplementum Magicum" (plus texts drawn from a number of other lamellae, amulets, etc) with a view to identifying the precise magical technique used in each case. This categorisation is done on the basis of the original Greek or Demotic headwords or key words rather than upon the translation or later imprecise descriptions. The result is an identification of 40+ magical techniques such as autoptos, systasis, agoge, niketikon, oneiropompos, etc, rather than a simple but unhelpful identification each passage as a 'spell' or 'charm'. This is fully tabulated with line count for every single rite, presenting the full panorama of Graeco-Egyptian magic in the form, and with the structure, that the original scribes or magicians would have used. This enables ready access to all of the passages relevant to any one technique. It also removes the difficulties presented by varying translations of a specific Greek technical term by a range of different English approximations (such as 'love spell' for more than 7 different processes). Each of these techniques is then expanded upon showing where they influenced later systems of magic or remained unique in the Graeco-Egyptian world.

Abstractum:

Synkretyzm religijny w tekstach chrześcijańskich, hermetycznych oraz papirusach magicznych greckich, na przykładzie problemu genezy zła

Celem pracy jest omówienie problematyki związanej z synkretyzmem religijnym w wybranych dziełach literatury chrześcijańskiej, hermetycznej i greckich papirusach magicznych. Analizie poddane zostały zwłaszcza teksty związane z hermeneutyką demonologii i angelarium, pseudoepigrafy o charakterze eschatologicznym, a także greckie traktaty magiczne. Podstawowe pytanie, jakie stawiam, odnosi się do elementu doktrynalnego religii: w jaki sposób synkretyzm może pomóc określić naturę zła oraz bytów złośliwych? Całość została osadzona w ramach religioznawczych, którego jednymi z głównych zadań są: egzegeza, ukazanie podobieństw pomiędzy doktrynami religijnymi oraz krytyczna analiza porównawcza omawianych tekstów.

słowa kluczowe: synkretyzm, demonologia, angelologia, gnoza, religia, Bóg, bóstwa, magia, anioły, demony, chrześcijaństwo, kultura, antyk, mitologia, mity, polityka, filozofia, religioznawstwo, religiologia, hermeneutyka, geneza, historia, hermetyzm, hermetycyzm, alchemia, czary, ewokacje, inkantacje, Biblia, PGM, lingwistyka, łacina, koiné .



Religious Syncretism in Christian and Hermetic texts and in the Papyri Graecae Magicae by the example of the Problem of the Origin of Evil

The purpose of the work is to discuss the problem of the relationship with religious syncretism in selected works of Christian and Hermetic literature and Greek magical papyri. The main subjects analyzed were texts related to hermeneutics of demonology and angelarium, pseudepigrapha and eschatological features as well as the Greek magic treatises. The basic question to guide the strategies taken is: how can syncretism help us to understand evil and malicious entities? The whole was embedded within the cross-section of religion, that some of the main tasks are: exegesis, showing similarities between religious doctrines and critical comparative analysis of the discussed texts.

keywords: sincretism, demonology, angelology, gnosis, religion, God, deities, magic, angels, demons, christianity, culture, antic, mythology, myths, politics, philosophy, religious studies, religiology, hermeneutics, genesis, history, hermetism, hermeticism, alchemy, spells, evocations, incantations, Bible, PGM, lynguistics, lingua latina, koiné.
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ad.1: artykuł jest fragmentem szerszego tekstu i stanowi część pracy dyplomowej autora.
red. Emilia Żybert-Pruchnicka

La tesi di laurea triennale tratta l'argomento della magia antica, concentrandosi prevalentemente sul mondo greco - sebbene non manchino riferimenti al mondo latino -, a partire dalle attestazioni letterarie e archeologiche (statuette, lamine, tavolette etc.).
Uno spazio particolare è riservato al tipo specifico della magia erotica, mirata all'ottenimento dei favori e delle attenzioni della persona desiderata.
Si analizzano le caratteristiche specifiche di questa tipologia di incantesimi, ponendo in rilievo le somiglianze con le più tradizionali maledizioni greche.

Una lunga sezione è dedicata a un testo contenuto nei cosiddetti PGM, una raccolta di papiri e di codici papiracei risalenti dal II sec. a.C. al V sec. d.C. circa: si tratta della più completa raccolta di testi e rituali magici del mondo greco, veri e propri 'formulari' destinati a maghi di professione o amatoriali. Il corpus mostra evidenti segni di contatto tra le tradizioni greche, egizie, babilonesi e semitiche - solo per citarne alcune.
All'interno dei PGM è presente un incantesimo detto Φιλτροκατάδεσμος θαυμαςτός, uno 'straordinario incantesimo per un vincolo d'amore' suddiviso in tre distinte sezioni: rito preparatorio con realizzazione di due statuette; incantesimo da recitare e incidere su di una lamina metallica; preghiera conclusiva.
Il testo è analizzato e commentato evidenziandone i punti salienti e peculiari che mostrano un'applicazione 'concreta' di quanto teorizzato nei capitoli precedenti e che permettono utili riflessioni sul mondo della magia e sul mondo antico in generale.
Le Conclusioni, infine, ripercorrono sinteticamente il percorso esposto in precedenza, concentrandosi sul ruolo svolto dall'eros nei tempi antichi, sui possibili utilizzatori di questi incantesimi e sugli obiettivi di tale magia.

In ancient Egyptian religion, the donkey is generally associated to Seth and to its manifestation as a donkey and in the Graeco-Egyptian papyri Seth and the donkey are also commonly identified with Typhon. However, in a few spells the donkey occurs as a ritual and sacrificial animal, not necessarily in relation to the god Seth but just as an example of materia magica. In this article, on the basis of Betz's English translation of the Graeco-Egyptian magical papyri, those spells of the PGM corpus, where the mention of the donkey or of parts of its body and fluids occurs, are listed and discussed in relation to the magical and ritual meaning of the donkey/ass within the PGM. In particular, two thematic groups of spells will be distinguished: those where the donkey is clearly associated to the Egyptian god Seth and the Greek Typhon, and those where the animal seems to be only an example of " material magica " .

En esta tesis vamos a analizar el periodo inicial del desarrollo de Puerto Madryn, su momento de crisis económica y social generadas por la Primera Guerra Mundial (P.G.M.), entre 1914 y 1922, poniendo el enfoque en su situación como localidad receptora de la inversión inglesa, presente con la compañía ferro portuaria Chubut Central Railway, llamada localmente por su traducción, Ferrocarril Central de Chubut, (FCCCh). Nos interesa observar las actividades públicas y comunales desarrolladas por quien fuera el personal jerárquico delegado por la compañía inglesa, su dinámica de interacción con el resto de la comunidad y para con las instituciones de gobierno local, territorial y nacional, entendiéndolo como probable “agente local” portador de una misión orientada a salvaguardar el proyecto ingles en la zona, pero de alcance más amplio que la simple gerencia de empresa.

Plant acclimation to stress is associated with profound changes in proteome composition. Since proteins are directly involved in plant stress response, proteomics studies can significantly contribute to unravel the possible relationships between protein abundance and plant stress acclimation. In this review, proteomics studies dealing with plant response to a broad range of abiotic stress factors — cold, heat, drought, waterlogging, salinity, ozone treatment, hypoxia and anoxia, herbicide treatments, inadequate or excessive light conditions, disbalances in mineral nutrition, enhanced concentrations of heavy metals, radioactivity and mechanical wounding are discussed. Most studies have been carried out on model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and rice due to large protein sequence databases available; however, the variety of plant species used for proteomics analyses is rapidly increasing. Protein response pathways shared by different plant species under various stress conditions (glycolytic pathway, enzymes of ascorbate–glutathione cycle, accumulation of LEA proteins) as well as pathways unique to a given stress are discussed. Results from proteomics studies are interpreted with respect to physiological factors determining plant stress response. In conclusion, examples of application of proteomics studies in search for protein markers underlying phenotypic variation in physiological parameters associated with plant stress tolerance are given.

Following a recent discovery (Chronopolou 2017), which has shown that PGM VI constitutes the initial part of PGM II, this contribution intends to rethink what has been proposed in Una Sibilla nei Papiri Magici? (Monaca 2011) to reassess whether the presence of the Apollinian and Sibylline prophecy, centered around the speaking name δάφνη, can also be considered within the two unified Papyri, and also through the comparative reading of the hymn to Apollo-Helios present in PGM II. 81ss., completely similar in form and content to those present in PGM VI, 6ss. and 40ss

We study partitions of the symmetric group which have desirable geometric properties. The statistical tests defined by such partitions involve counting all permutations in the equivalence classes. These permutations are the linear extensions of partially ordered sets specified by the data. Our methods refine rank tests of non-parametric statistics, such as the sign test and the runs test, and are useful for the exploratory analysis of ordinal data. Convex rank tests correspond to probabilistic conditional independence structures known as semi-graphoids. Submodular rank tests are classified by the faces of the cone of submodular functions, or by Minkowski summands of the permutohedron. We enumerate all small instances of such rank tests. Graphical tests correspond to both graphical models and to graph associahedra, and they have excellent statistical and algorithmic properties.

Al termine della raccolta dei PGM edita da Karl Preisendanz, si incontrano alcuni papiri catalogati dall’autore con la titolatura di ‘cristiani’, contraddistinti da numerazione araba (da P1 a P24). Questo contributo si propone di analizzare il contenuto di questi papiri allo scopo di valutare il loro ruolo all’interno del materiale magico: essi testimoniano —da un lato— la sopravvivenza di alcuni riti e prassi all’interno delle comunità cristiane, e —dall’altro— la pervasività di essi ancora nella tarda-antichità ed il loro uso diffuso. L'analisi verterà in particolar modo sul tema della taumaturgia, intesa come guarigione dai mali, del corpo e dell’anima, privilegiato terreno di confronto tra gli esponenti dei due mondi religiosi, coabitanti tra le sponde del Mediterraneo, pagani e cristiani.

The Serra Pelada garimpo (1980-1984) was the site of the most spectacular gold rush in recent history, but the mineralogy of the bonanza-style mineralization has not so far been documented in detail. Rediscovery of an early drill-core, recovered in 1982 from the near-surface lateritic portion of the garimpo area, has provided coarse-grained gold aggregates for this study. The centimeter-long aggregates

The Pindos ophiolite complex, located in the north-western part of continental Greece, hosts various podiform chromite deposits generally characterized by low platinum-group element (PGE) grades. However, a few locally enriched in PPGE + Au (up to 29.3 ppm) chromitites of refractory type are also present, mainly in the area of Korydallos (south-eastern Pindos). The present data reveal that this enrichment is strongly dependant on chromian spinel chemistry and base metal sulfide and/or base metal alloy (BMS and BMA, respectively) content in chromitites. Consequently, we used super-panning to recover PGM from the Al-rich chromitites of the Korydallos area. The concentrate of the composite chromitite sample contained 159 PGM grains, including, in decreasing order of abundance, the following major PGM phases: Pd-Cu alloys (commonly non-stoichiometric, although a few Pd-Cu alloys respond to the chemical formula PdCu4), Pd-bearing tetra-auricupride [(Au,Pd)Cu], nielsenite (PdCu3), sperrylite (PtAs2), skaergaardite (PdCu), Pd-bearing auricupride [(Au,Pd)Cu3], Pt and Pd oxides, Pt-Fe-Ni alloys, hollingworthite (RhAsS) and Pt-Cu alloys. Isomertieite (Pd11Sb2As2), zvyagintsevite (Pd3Pb), native Au, keithconnite (Pd20Te7), naldrettite (Pd2Sb) and Rh-bearing bismuthotelluride (RhBiTe, probably the Rh analogue of michenerite) constitute minor phases. The bulk of PGE-mineralization is dominated by PGM grains that range in size from 5 to 10 µm. The vast majority of the recovered PPGM are associated with secondary BMS and BMA, thus confirming that a sulphur-bearing melt played a very important role in scavenging the PGE + Au content of the silicate magma from which chromian spinel had already started to crystallize. The implemented technique has led to the recovery of more, as well as noble, PGM grains than the in situ mineralogical examination of single chromitite samples. Although, the majority of the PGM occur as free particles and in situ textural information is lost, single grain textural evidence is observed. In summary, this research provides information on the particles, grain size and associations of PGM, which are critical with respect to the petrogenesis and mineral processing.

We study partitions of the symmetric group which have desirable geometric properties. The statistical tests defined by such partitions involve counting all permutations in the equivalence classes. These permutations are the linear extensions of partially ordered sets specified by the data. Our methods refine rank tests of non-parametric statistics, such as the sign test and the runs test, and are useful for the exploratory analysis of ordinal data. Convex rank tests correspond to probabilistic conditional independence structures known as semi-graphoids. Submodular rank tests are classified by the faces of the cone of submodular functions, or by Minkowski summands of the permutohedron. We enumerate all small instances of such rank tests. Graphical tests correspond to both graphical models and to graph associahedra, and they have excellent statistical and algorithmic properties.

This is an extended and overlooked version of my previous publication. I've read lecture with these slides online for auditory of Ezopodcast.ru on 20.06.20. Here it is!
I also want to express my special thanks to hermetism and hermeticism scholar Boris Dvinyaninov for motivating me to share my knowledge with a prepared audience.
The study focuses on some common motives for the so-called "magic gems" of the late Hellenistic / Roman period, presumably from Alexandria, stored in various museums around the world. Exceptional help in the research was given to me by the database on the "magic" gems of the Budapest Museum of Art (http://www2.szepmuveszeti.hu/talismans/), a special thanks to its curator Árpád M. Nagy.