Notch

Special Purpose machine are designed to perform some specific applications which cannot be carried out using conventional machines. Conceptualization of the system design understanding the need of the system with a collaborative approach and develop the machine. Existing now pipe notching is done on manual hand grinder where people stick Notch profile print from CATIA file on pipe and manually grind it to perfect shape on hand grinder and then the joint is done with the help of welding process. The main focus of project is to study different parameter of SPM and solving the problem related to production rate and design machine to overcome odds of the conventional process. The different software's such as ANSYS, CATIA etc. will be used for analysis and designing purpose. To study about various parameters such as the Material selection for the machine, parts required for manufacturing of machine, Machine feasibility for manufacturing depending on final cost of machine & various design parameter of the SPM. Main aim of the project is to improve accuracy and production rate of the pipe notch.

The design and analysis of infinite impulse response (IIR) peak and notch filter has been performed, which is employed various communication systems to eliminate unwanted narrow band interference. In communication system, radio frequency band for FM lies between 88MHZ - 108MHZ. A method for design of digital peak and notch filter of center frequency 90MHZ has been presented. Two parametric values like pass band ripple & stop band attenuation have been calculated by using mathematical modelling. Various transposed second order system (SOS) algorithm such as direct form I and II elliptic design method have been applied. By tuning quality (Q)-factor, peak filter (order 4) and notch filter (order 2) for range of Q between 2 -18 and 2 –100000 respectively have been generated with the help of different RF & AF oscillator. Filter approximation and order of the notch and peak filter determines overall performance in terms of multiplier, adder, no. of states, multi per input sample (MPIS) and add per input Sample (APIS) narrow band interference. From the realization perspective, the filter consumes more power and becomes more complex with increase in filter order. It is easy to implement in communication at transmitter or receiver point and has good communication system response. The observed settling time & fixed bandwidth gain confirms the performance of designed filter.

The micromechanisms of deformation and fracture in tension were analyzed in a commercial polypropylene nonwoven geotextile material in a wide range of strain rates. Two different loading scenarios (smooth and notched specimens) were considered to study how these mechanisms are modified in presence of a stress concentration. The nonwoven fabric presented significant deformability and energy-absorption capability, which decreased with the strain rate, together with a high level of strength, which increased with strain rate. In addition, the material was notch-insensitive as the stress concentration around the crack tip was relieved by marked nonlinear behavior, which induced crack blunting. Different experimental techniques (standard mechanical tests, in situ testing within the scanning electron microscope, digital image correlation, etc.) were used to establish the sequence of deformation and failure processes and to link these micromechanisms with the macroscopic behavior.

In this study, the fatigue behavior of composite patched and non-patched Al 5083 aluminum plates was numerically investigated. Al 5083 Aluminum plates with semi-circular notched (2, 3 and 4 mm long cracked) and "V" notched (30°, 45° and 60° angled) were used in the analyzes. Mechanical properties of Al 5083 Aluminum plate, DP460 type adhesive of produced by 3M and [0°] 8 glass fiber reinforced composite patch material was used for the study. The Finite Element Method was applied for numerical study. Numerical analyzes were performed with the Ansys version 15.0 Workbench Package program. As a result of the numerical study, the highest fatigue life (1593.2 N) is seen on the 30° angled "V" notched and patched specimen. However, the fatigue life in non-patched specimen (30° angled "V" notched) was found to be 277.69 N. Thus, the study revealed that the composite patch's contribution is very important.

Many studies have been developed aiming to improve digital filters realizations, recurring to intricate structures and analysing the errors behaviour. The work presented in this paper analyses the feasibility of fixed- point implementation of classical IIR notch filters (Butterworth, Chebyshev, Bessel and elliptic), and also the effect of the quality factor and normalized cut -off frequency in the number of significant bits necessa ry to represent the coefficients, to scrutinize the defor mations the filters suffer for distinct design specificatio ns. The work focuses especially in the implementation o f power line notch filters used to improve the signal -to- noise ratio in biomedical signals. The obtained res ults, when quantizing the digital notch filters, show tha t by applying second order sections decomposition, low-o rder digital filters may be designed using only part of double precision capabilities, while high-order notch filt ers with harsh design constrains are implement...

The present paper is concerned with modelling damage and fracture in notched woven fabric
composites. Previous experimental work has shown that, under tensile loading, damage at a
notch in a variety of glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) and carbon fibre reinforced plastic
(CFRP) composites based on woven fabric reinforcement comprises matrix damage and fibre tow
fracture along the plane of maximum stress. It is these experimental observations that inform the
failure modelling developed here, in which a cohesive zone approach is used within a twodimensional
extended finite element method framework. The traction–separation parameters
used in the extended finite element method implementation are based on previously reported
experimental measurements for the strength and toughness of the woven fabric materials under
investigation. The approach is shown to provide predictions of notched strength that are in very
good agreement with experimental results from the literature for a range of glass fibre reinforced
plastic and carbon fibre reinforced plastic woven fabric systems and also agree well with results
obtained from closed form analytical models, which require calibration.

The archaeological evidence from Mauran Middle Paleolithic open-air site is the result of several consecutive seasonal occupations mainly related with Bison hunting. The lithic industry, characterized by the use of a large number of different raw materials, was related to the Denticulate Mousterian facies. The study of notches and denticulates reveals that the retouched edges and the notches negatives vary morphologically up to a point. Therefore, all the cutting edges do not have the same morphological characteristics and do not show the same functional potential. Those special features should be related with the different techniques used for their making. The aim of this work is to determine, using a technological and experimental approach, which techniques led to the very special scar negatives shown by the Mauran archaeological notches and denticulates

The three-dimensional elasticity energy for a notched rod under axial loads is shown to converge in a variational sense to a class of one-dimensional models with a localized compliance when the beam becomes very slender and when the ratio between the depth and the width of each notch vanishes in a suitable way. Also the case of notched thermal conductors

Despite the powerful induction of neurogenesis by sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), its study in the role of adult neurogenesis has been relatively neglected. S1P, via its differential effects at different S1P receptor subtypes, is a significant determinant of neuronal precursor/stem cell and astrocyte cellular organization. The variations in neurogenesis, classically modelled via the interactions of phosphatase and tensin homolog and Notch, are intimately associated with the coordinated regulation of S1P and fibroblast growth factor-1. Incorporating S1P better explains the plasticity and cellular variations in astrocytes and progenitors as well as their interactions. This has treatment implications for both inducing and inhibiting neurogenesis, in conditions such as depression and macrocephaly associated autistic spectrum disorders respectively. Incorporating S1P and fibroblast growth factor-1 also provides a framework for conceptualizing the impact of peripheral inflammation, central inflammation, redox status and medication effects on neurogenesis, as well as future treatment targets.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a systemic arterial disease characterized by impairment of vascular smooth muscle cell structure and function related to NOTCH3 mutations. Pathological findings include pathognomonic granular osmiophilic material (GOM) deposition with nonspecific hyalinization within the artery wall in a variety of tissues. The main clinical presentation is iterative strokes in young adults despite the lack of cardiovascular risk factors, leading to early dementia. Although arteriosclerosis and GOM have been found in kidneys from patients with CADASIL, kidney disease has been described only once up to now, in association with immunoglobulin A nephropathy. We report the case of a 61-year-old patient with a medical history of CADASIL and recent mild hypertension. His mother also showed neuropsychiatric symptoms and end-stage renal disease of unknown cause. The patient had a chronic kidney disease defined by means of estimated glomerular filtration rate using the 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation of 58 mL/min/1.73 m2 associated with mild proteinuria and intermittent microscopic hematuria. Renal histological analysis showed severe arteriosclerosis and mild interstitial fibrosis. Glomeruli did not show mesangial immunoglobulin A deposition or focal segmental proliferation. Electron microscopic analysis showed typical GOM deposition in the vicinity of altered vascular smooth muscle cells in interlobular and juxtaglomerular arteries. The nephroangiosclerosis-like lesions were unusually severe in contrast to the recent mild hypertension. The presence of GOM strongly suggests that renal lesions were related to the NOTCH3 mutation. Here, we describe the first case of familial occurrence of kidney disease with decreased kidney function in the absence of coexisting nephropathy in patients with CADASIL. We discuss the role of NOTCH3 mutation in the pathogenesis of nephroangiosclerosis through functional impairment of renal microcirculation or primary Notch3-related vascular disease.

A neutral flux and four different wires were used to produce all weld metal submerged-arc multipass welds. Impact Charpy V transition curves were obtained from two testing series, each with a different notch position along the welded joint. The results show that, according to the notch position, distinct fractions of weld metal columnar and reheated regions are present at the notch tip. Impact toughness of the weld metal with predominance of reheated regions is always superior to that with predominance of columnar region. Modification of some of the ASME II Part C standards relating to the specification of welding consumables is recommended for improved consistency with ASME VIII code for boiler and pressure vessel fabrication.