NIBRS

Women commit less crime than men and their crimes are typically less serious, violent, and profitable. Most investigations of this “gender gap” in offending consider differences in social control or socialization. This helps explain overall crime participation disparities, but cannot account for the sex-segregated character of offending. Building on ethnographic research and feminist labor market analyses, our study explores how gender affects access to criminal opportunities. Using NIBRS data, we examine the effect a male co-offender has on women’s offending. We find that the presence of a male co-offender broadens women’s criminal involvement in distinctive ways.

In the 1980s, some scholars suggested black violent offenders had a "propensity" to select white victims. Subsequent research demonstrated, however, that violent offenders tend to victimize intraracially. One weakness of this research was its reliance on national-level data. Using national-level estimates to calculate expected values of interracial offending implicitly assumes people have access to each other across the nation. Segregation patterns suggest otherwise. This study examines whether the propensity of violent offenders to select victims intraracially holds up if expected values are calculated locally. Findings indicate that violent offenders do tend to select victims intraracially at the local level, but that the intraracial character of violent offending varies by crime, offender race, and locale. For most cities in the analysis, assault is predominantly intraracial across offense/offender categories. For a few cities, however, criminal assault is less intraracial than expected (with white offenders victimizing interracially more than random selection would predict).

NIBRS Novedades en NIBRS T En el caso del maltrato animal, las agencias deben ingresar al menos una pero no más de tres tipos de actividades ilegales (negligencia simple / grave, abuso organizado, abuso y tortura intencional, o abuso sexual de animales). Definición de maltrato animal (NIBRS): Intencionalmente, a sabiendas o imprudentemente realizar una acción que maltrata o mata a cualquier animal injustificadamente, como tortura, maltrato, negligencia, mutilación, envenenamiento o abandono.