Map use

"In September 2012 Glasgow Science Museum exhibited Kate McLean’s map of the city based solely on its smells. Incorporating visuals of identified city-specific scents and bottled scents (created from natural substances) the map invited the audience to interact with the exhibit and to contribute their own placement of the scents across the city.

The function of such smellmaps is to explore new ways to depict cities other than purely visual, encouraging tourists and visitors to explore and find their own city experiences, which thereafter become memorable through a direct link with smell. Sensually-based memory is an area of increasing interest for the tourism industry whose higher-end clients, tiring of activity-based experiences, are seeking to reactivate and relive the good feelings. Mendiratta (2010) suggests that the tiniest aromas and sounds can have a profound emotional effect.

Every scent is carefully chosen, by a combination of crowd sourcing and the "weight" of its story. Every smell has a story – the memorability or memory-invoking scale of individual scents and how they work together to form a smell portrait of the city (history, architecture, culture, attractions, people).

The maps are designed to be questioned and intended for people intended to ascribe their own smells to places. Smellmaps are intended as a kick starter for personal sensory perception and sensory memories relating to a specific location. My experience of smell walks and smell bike rides is that very often half a metre, a 10 degree angle or 1 minute can make a huge difference in odour perception therefore smell is temporal, geo-specific and also personal.

Deliberately omitting spatial indicators is both aesthetic and functional in that it makes the map more personal as people recognise a place from the smell rather than the names. My intent was for the audience to study the map and figure out where they were based on some of the smells.

This presentation will depict the methodology used to generate the data, the design considerations and the creation – successful and otherwise of naturally occurring scents for display purposes."

In this chapter, a survey of the current state of research on autonomous driving is given and is set in the context of the requirements of an autonomous vehicle following the vision of an automated taxi. The overview is based on (scientific) publications and self-reports of the developing teams. Aspects of interest for this summary are approaches on environmental perception, self-perception, mission accomplishment, localization, cooperation, map usage, and functional safety. Typically, emphasis is given to reliance on global satellite systems (e.g., GPS) and map data. Only a few approaches focus on environmental perception and scene understanding. Even though impressive demonstrations of autonomous driving have been presented in recent decades, this overview concludes that many aspects still remain only partially solved or even unsolved, especially when driving autonomously in public road traffic.

Alice Moore Dunbar-Nelson’s 1915 scrapbook is a record of her experiences as a paid organizer in the women’s suffrage movement of the 1910s, when she worked for the Pennsylvania suffrage campaign, mainly in the Pittsburgh area, during a period for which there are no extant diaries. Made of news clippings pasted into a reused household account book, the scrapbook shares commonalities with scrapbooks by women suffragists and by black men concerned with African American history. She was already an accomplished speaker and organizer before her work on the suffrage campaign began, working with the NAACP against lynching, and participating in their campaign against Birth of a Nation during it. The scrapbook shows her public speaking, addressing black and mixed audiences, via newspapers’ coverage and fragmentary transcriptions of her speeches–a topic connected to her work teaching public speaking at Howard High School, and her anthologies of African American speeches. It is a carefully composed text itself, which shows her shaping her image. She strategically used her status as Paul Laurence Dunbar’s widow to gain more attention to the cause, even while she drew on a concealed well of experience as a battered wife in framing her arguments. Her speeches articulated her view of women’s suffrage and the distinctive ways black women should use the vote for their communities–not settling for the historic black support for the Republican Party, but demanding a return for their votes.

Since the conquest of Goa in 1510 and Malacca the following year, the Portuguese began to establish a trade Empire in Asia. The high demand for Asian goods, such as spices, tea, silks, cottons, porcelains and other luxury items, combined with high profit rates associated with the trade, spark the interest of other European nations.
By the end of the 16th century Europeans began to acquire information on the routes to Asia and were willing to pay for any information on how to navigate safely to and through the East Indies. On route to China, the shoals on the coast of Vietnam were the most feared by pilots. And thus began a quest of placing, portrayal, naming and finally surveying of what became known as the Paracel Islands.

"""""During Mussolini’s fascist regime, the Atlante internazionale del Touring Club Italiano – produced in Milan (1927-1938) and widely recognised far beyond the borders of Italy – included among its plates two maps of European ethnic groups. The makers of the TCI’s atlas passed on to us a specific approach to determine the kind of collective that ought to be considered an ethnic group.
The enigmatic second reprint of the fifth edition (1938) was inexplicably not accompanied by the symbolic features required by the fascist authorities, but, after World War II started, the new version of the “Europa etnografica” map – on a 1:12.000.000 scale – clearly showed the changes that occurred in the political context.
Link:
http://www.j-reading.org/index.php/geography/article/view/57/50"""""

This chapter argues that John Hardyng uses England’s long-standing conflict with Scotland to articulate his concerns about the wider socio-political difficulties facing England in the late fifteenth-century. It challenges the widely-held belief that Hardyng composed his chronicle solely to provide a context for several documents he had obtained for Henry VI relating to English hegemony over the smaller realm. Considering several examples of Anglo-Scottish affairs in the Chronicle, the chapter also reinterprets Hardyng's map of Scotland.

Resources made available through the digital map app change, but do not replace, the skills of 'ordinary wayfinding'. Looking at the challenges of wayfinding with new mobile devices helps inform the development of digital mapping tools for navigating through difficult terrain. With this background in mind, in this article we consider how the contemporary navigational resources of mobile devices with GPS, and the resources of countryside landscape features, are brought together in visiting a tourist site. We analyse video data from groups walking across unfamiliar moorland terrain, following a guide and map app which takes them on a tour of a remote Roman marching camp in the Brecon Beacons National Park, Wales. Following an ethnomethodological and conversation analytic approach, we examine three instances of navigational work for paired walkers as they traverse the moorland. The three fragments are of: an orientational struggle to establish where to go next; a routine check to select a path and the discovery of a feature mentioned in the guide. Across the three episodes we explicate how our walkers make sense of the guide and map in relation to investigating the moorland surface. We examine how their ambulatory and undulatory practices on the moorland are tied to their wayfinding practices. While we analyse wayfinding talk, we also attend to the mobile practices of stopping and pausing as part of practical navigational reasoning.

The geographical position of Babadag Lake, south of the Danube Delta, raises the question of its possible connection to Razim Lake. The study of this connection is based on the diachronic analysis of 38 old maps of the analyzed area from the 16th century until nowadays. In this study, maps are seen as analysis instruments that permit the observation of the evolution of landscape and the chronology of the evolution of the connection between Babadag and Razim Lakes, based on comparison of documents from different historic periods. The cartographic diachronic analysis allows the identification of the big tendencies between opening and closure: periods of Babadag Lake opening to Razim Lake and vice versa, periods of separation of the two Lakes, as well as the current situation when the connection between the two lakes is reduced to expansion of vegetation or to artificial water exchange through a watergate. This study will be followed by a sedimentary analysis based on a coring at the s...

Alice Moore Dunbar-Nelson’s 1915 scrapbook is a record of her experiences as a paid organizer in the women’s suffrage movement of the 1910s, when she worked for the Pennsylvania suffrage campaign, mainly in the Pittsburgh area, during a period for which there are no extant diaries. Made of news clippings pasted into a reused household account book, the scrapbook shares commonalities with scrapbooks by women suffragists and by black men concerned with African American history. She was already an accomplished speaker and organizer before her work on the suffrage campaign began, working with the NAACP against lynching, and participating in their campaign against Birth of a Nation during it. The scrapbook shows her public speaking, addressing black and mixed audiences, via newspapers’ coverage and fragmentary transcriptions of her speeches–a topic connected to her work teaching public speaking at Howard High School, and her anthologies of African American speeches. It is a carefully composed text itself, which shows her shaping her image. She strategically used her status as Paul Laurence Dunbar’s widow to gain more attention to the cause, even while she drew on a concealed well of experience as a battered wife in framing her arguments. Her speeches articulated her view of women’s suffrage and the distinctive ways black women should use the vote for their communities–not settling for the historic black support for the Republican Party, but demanding a return for their votes.

Two studies examined children's map construction skills when drawing demands were removed from the task and scenes were highly simplified. Study 1 compared the performance of first graders and third graders on their ability to preserve configuration during transformation of pictured arrays from eye-level to aerial views. For children with difficulties, Study 2 exposed groups to enhanced vantage points, either pictured from an elevated view or displayed with actual blocks, to investigate effects of support on performance. Results on eye-level to aerial transformations showed that children's ability to map spatial relations developed significantly between the first and third grades, basic configuration skills were gender-neutral, and specificity of details was better for boys by third grade. Enhanced vantage points significantly improved configuration accuracy for both grades (favoring first graders) and both genders (favoring girls). Enhancements eliminated depth errors that were common in arrays with occlusions. In sum, improvement in map construction skills between first grade and third grade demonstrated increased understanding of alternative spatial perspectives, and enhanced vantage points promoted use of projective spatial concepts that were already active in younger children.