Manajemen Laba

I have compiled this journal aimed at fulfilling the final semester exam assignments in addition to providing understanding and knowledge about the relationship between the use of facilities and infrastructure with company profits. The activities of managing facilities and infrastructure are activities of buying, using, maintaining, and shrinking office facilities and infrastructure so as to create good office management governance. Maintenance of office facilities and infrastructure is very beneficial for a company. The existence of good maintenance and management can be profitable in a dynamic company, it can increase the profit earned by a company. This journal discusses the meaning of each research variable, the process of managing facilities and infrastructure, the relationship or relationship between the use of office facilities and infrastructure with company profits. The results of this journal are expected to help readers to manage office facilities and infrastructure so that they can optimize company profits. ABSTRAK Jurnal ini saya susun bertujuan untuk memenuhi tugas ujian akhir semester disamping untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan mengenai hubungan antara penggunaan sarana dan prasarana dengan laba perusahaan. Kegiatan pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana tersebut adalah kegiatan membeli, menggunakan, merawat, dan menyusutkan sarana dan prasarana kantor sehingga tercipta tata kelola manajemen kantor yang baik. Kegiatan pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana kantor sangatlah bermanfaat bagi suatu perusahaan. Adanya pemeliharaan dan pengelolaan yang baik dapat menguntungkan dalam suatu dinamika perusahaan, bisa memperbesar laba yang didapatkan oleh suatu perusahaan. Jurnal ini membahas tentang pengertian dari masing-masing variabel penelitian, proses pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana, kaitan atau hubungan antara penggunaan sarana dan prasarana kantor dengan laba perusahaan. Hasil dari jurnal ini diharapkan dapat membantu pembaca untuk melakukan aktivitas pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana kantor sehingga dapat memberikan optimalisasi laba perusahaan.

Abstrak: Manajemen Laba Akrual, Manajemen Laba Riil, dan Biaya Modal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari manajemen laba akrual dan manajemen laba riil terhadap biaya modal, baik biaya utang maupun biaya ekuitas. Total observasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 1.375 firm-years untuk model biaya utang serta 1.564 firm years untuk model biaya ekuitas pada tahun 2003-2011. Penelitian ini diuji dengan regresi data panel dengan model regresi random effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba akrual dan
manajemen laba riil terbukti tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biaya utang dan biaya ekuitas.

Abstract: Accrual Earnings Management, Real Earnings Management, and Cost of Capital. This research aims to analyze the impact of two kinds of earnings management which are accrual earnings management and real earnings management
on company’s cost of debt and cost of equity. Total  observations for this research are 1.375 firm-years for
the cost of debt model and 1.564 firms-years for the
cost of equity model from year 2003-2011.  This research used panel data regression with random effect regression model. The result of this research shows that accruals earnings management and real earnings management have no significant impact on company’s cost of debtand cost of equity.

Manajemen laba dapat didefinisi sebagai “intervensi manajemen dengan sengaja dalam proses penentuan laba, biasanya untuk memenuhi tujuan pribadi” (Schipper, 1989). Seringkali proses ini mencakup mempercantik laporan keuangan, terutama angka yang paling bawah, yaitu laba. Manajemen laba dapat berupa  kosmetik, jika manajer memanipulasi akrual yang tidak memiliki konsekuensi arus kas. Manajemen laba juga dapat dilihat nyata, jika manajer memilih tindakan dengan konsekuensi arus kas dengan tujuan mengubah laba.

Based on the Capital Market Supervisory Agency (BAPEPAM), the company became a member of the Indonesia Stock Exchange is required to have audit committees. Audit committee in charge and responsible for (1) encourage the formation of an adequate internal control structure, (2) improve the quality of disclosure and financial reporting, (3) assess the scope and timeliness of external audit, external audit fees and the reasonableness of the independence and objectivity of external auditors, and (4) prepare a letter outlining the duties and responsibilities of audit committees during the financial year under review by the external auditor. Numerous studies have tried to analyze the relationship between the role of audit committees and earnings management performance. This study aims to analyze the effect of audit committee independence, competence of the audit committee, and effectiveness of audit committee meetings on earnings management in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. Linear regression method is used as an analytical tool of the research. The results indicate that audit committee independence and audit committee competence affects significantly on earnings management. Meanwhile, the variable effectiveness of audit committee meetings no significant effect on earnings management of manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange. Keywords: audit committee, audit committee independence, audit committee competence, effectiveness of audit committee meetings, earnings management. ABSTRAK Berdasarkan peraturan dari Badan Pengendalian dan Pengawasan Pasar Modal (BAPEPAM), sebuah perusahaan harus memiliki komite audit sebelum dapat mendaftarkan untuk menjadi anggota dari Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Komite audit perusahaan bertanggung jawab untuk (1) meningkatkan perumusan dari struktur/sistem pengendalian internal yang baik, (2) meningkatkan kualitas dari laporan keuangan dan penjelasannya, (3) melakukan evaluasi terhadap ruang lingkup dan periode penugasan dari auditor eksternal, pembayaran jasa auditor eksternal, dan kewajaran dari kemandirian serta obyektifitas dari auditor eksternal, dan (4) menyiapkan surat keputusan mengenai tugas dan tanggung jawab dari komite audit selama tahun fiskal yang sedang dievaluasi oleh auditor eksternal. Penelitian terdahulu sudah melakukan analisa terhadap hubungan antara peran dari komite audit dan manajemen laba perusahaan. Penelitian ini mencoba melakukan analisa terhadap dampak dari kemandirian komite audit, kompentensi dari komite audit, dan efektifitas dari pertemuan komite audit terhadap manajemen laba di perusahaan manufaktur di Indonesia. Regresi linier digunakan sebagai alat analisa di dalam penelitian ini. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa kemandirian komite audit, dan kompetensi komite audit memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Disamping itu, efektifitas komite audit tidak memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap manajemen laba di perusahaan manufaktur yang tercatat di BEI.

Earnings management is manager effort in manipulating financial report in order to gain profit to benefit their self. This behavior is considered as a fraud because it gives a mislead information to the financial report use. This research aims to determine and analyze the effect frequency of meetings board commissioner, proportion background study economy or financial audit committee, and quality audit against the practice of earnings management. The population used in this study were non financial companies listed on the Stock Exchange during 2010-2013. The sampling technique used in this research was purposive sampling method and obtained 98 samples. In this study using multiple regression analysis and descriptive statistics for the analysis  of the data with the help of the program eviews 8.1. Based on the result of the hypothetical examination in this research, it proved that (1) frequency of meetings board commissioner does not have a significant effect against earnings management. (2) proportion background study economy or financial audit committee has a significant effect against earnings management. (3) quality audit does not have a significant effect against earnings management.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh manajemen laba terhadap imbal hasil saham (stock return), dengan kualitas audit dan efektivitas komite audit sebagai varia-bel pemoderasi. Manajemen laba diukur dengan akrual diskresioner menggunakan model Modified Jones. Stock Return diukur dengan menggunakan imbal hasil saham kumulatif. Kualitas audit diproksi dengan variabel dummy Big 4 atau non Big 4; dan efektivitas komite audit diukur dengan jumlah rapat yang dilakukan dalam satu tahun. Penelitian ini dilaku-kan dengan sampel perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia untuk periode 2012-2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap imbal hasil saham. Kualitas audit dan efektifitas komite audit ditemukan mampu memperlemah hubungan negatif tersebut, yang mengindikasikan bahwa kedua mekanisme pengawasan tersebut berfungsi dengan baik dalam memitigasi dampak negatif manajemen laba terhadap imbal hasil saham. Kata kunci: Manajemen laba; imbal hasil saham; kualitas audit; efektivitas komite audit. ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze and provides empirical evidence about the effect of earnings management on stock return with audit quality and the effectiveness of audit committee as the moderating variables. Earnings management is measured by discretionary accruals, estimated using the cross-sectional Modified Jones Model. Audit quality is measured by dummy variable of audit firm size, Big 4 or Non-Big 4; and the effectiveness of audit committee is measured by the number of audit committee meetings held in one year. The sample of this study is manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2012-2014. The results of this study show that earnings management negatively affect stock return, and audit quality and the effectiveness of audit committee can moderate the relationship of earnings management with stock return. This results indicate that the two monitoring mechanisms work effectively to mitigate the deteriorating effect of earnings management to stock return.

ABSTRAK Cost of equity capital merupakan salah satu tolak ukur dalam menilai suatu investasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pengungkapan sukarela dan manajemen laba terhadap cost of equity capital dengan asimetri informasi sebagai intervening. Metode statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur, dengan mengambil sampel dari perusahaan manufaktur yang listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2011-2012 yang diambil menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan sukarela tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada asimetri informasi dan cost of equity capital. Manajemen laba berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan pada asimetri informasi. Manajemen laba dan asimetri informasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan pada cost of equity capital. Pengungkapan sukarela melalui asimetri informasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada cost of equity capital. Manajemen laba melalui asimetri informasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada cost of equity capital. Kata kunci: pengungkapan sukarela, manajemen laba, asimetri informasi, cec ABSTRACT Cost of equity capital is one of the benchmarks in evaluating an investment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of voluntary disclosure and earnings management on the cost of equity capital with information asymmetry as intervening. The statistical method used is path analysis, by taking a sample of manufacturing firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in the period 2011-2012 were taken using purposive sampling method. The analysis shows that voluntary disclosure does not significantly influence information asymmetry and cost of equity capital. Earnings management significantly and negatively related to information asymmetry. Earnings management and information asymmetry significantly and negatively related to the cost of equity capital. Through the voluntary disclosure of information asymmetry does not significantly influence the cost of equity capital. Earnings management through information asymmetry and a significant positive effect on cost of equity capital.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan unttuk menganalisis pengaruh asimetri informasi terhadap manajemen laba dengan dimoderasi oleh mekanisme corporate governance. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 20 perusahaan perbankan go public yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2012–2016. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Analisis ini mengunakan regresi linear berganda yang sebelumnya dilakukan pengujian asumsi klasik. Hasil analisis regresi linear berganda ini menunjukkan bahwa asimetri informasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Komposisi dewan komisaris dan ukuran dewan komisaris tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba dan ukuran komite audit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Kata Kunci : Asimetri Informasi, Manajemen laba, Mekanisme Corporate Governance

This research aimed to analyze the effect of audit quality on earnings management: study approach conventional measure and composite measure. Measurement of earnings management is measured by discretionary accruals of the company. The population in this research is a manufacturing company that is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2010-2012. Sampling method that's used in this study is purposive sampling.. Data used in this study using 150 sample. However, the processing of data there are 21 samples as outliers that should be abolished, so that a decent amount of the final sample is 129. The research sample analysis techniques in this research using multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 18. The results of this research indicate that industry specialization negatively affect of earnings management. While the size of the KAP, period of audit assignment, client importance, going concern audit opinion, and audit quality multidimensional have no effect on earnings...

This study aims to examine the influence of earnings management by Discretionary accrual perspective and financial statement by CAMELS perspective on stock return with audit quality as a moderating variable on banking sector. The population of this research The method of data collection in this research are documentation and observation on the annual report of Banking sector. The data processed by using SPSS program version 20.0 by doing simple multiple linear regression approach. The results of this study The result of this research indicate that earnings management which proxies with Discretionary Accrual have negative effect not significant to stock return, financial performance proxies in CAMELS ratio. The result is CAR, BOPO and LDR have a significant positive effect on stock return. However, BDR and NPM have no significant positive effect on stock return. Audit quality as a moderating variable weakness the negative discretionary accrual effect on stock returns. in other words firms audited by (Big Public Accounting Firm) KAP Big 4 indicates to detect and minimize the existence of earning management when compared to firms audited by KAP Non-Big 4 which then giving affect to stock return.

This research aimed to analyze the effect of audit quality on earnings management: study approach conventional measure and composite measure. Measurement of earnings management is measured by discretionary accruals of the company. The population in this research is a manufacturing company that is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2010-2012. Sampling method that's used in this study is purposive sampling.. Data used in this study using 150 sample. However, the processing of data there are 21 samples as outliers that should be abolished, so that a decent amount of the final sample is 129. The research sample analysis techniques in this research using multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 18. The results of this research indicate that industry specialization negatively affect of earnings management. While the size of the KAP, period of audit assignment, client importance, going concern audit opinion, and audit quality multidimensional have no effect on earnings management. Keywords: earnings management, industry specialization, size of the KAP, period of audit assignment, client importance, going concern audit opinion, multidimensional audit quality.

The purpose of this research is to investigate influence of good corporate governance mechanism on earning management. Good Corporate Governance mechanism that used un thus research, such as : board of directors, board of commissioner, audit committee and institutional ownership. The sample in this research are manufacturing companies which were listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the year 2009-2013. Total sample in this research are 292. This research uses multiple regression analysis method to Good Corporate Governance mechanisms on earnings management. The result of this research showed that board of commissioners have significant relationship with earnings management, and the simultant, Good Corporate Governance mechanism have significant relationship with earning management. Keywords: earnings management and good corporate governance metchanism

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan bukti empiris tentang manajemen laba terhadap biaya modal ekuitas yang dimoderasi oleh asimetri informasi. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian akuntansi keuangan yang berbasis di pasar modal karena bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh manajemen laba terhadap keputusan investasi yang berdampak kepada return yang diinginkan oleh investor dan meskipun dengan  hadirnya asimetri informasi, apakah  investor dapat mengantisipasi resiko investasi atas modal yang ditanamkan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan manufaktur yang listed di BEI selama tahun 2014-2016. Sampel dipilih berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling. Manajemen laba diukur menggunakan rasio akrual modal kerja terhadap penjualan, biaya modal ekuitas diukur menggunakan model Ohlson, sedangkan asimetri diukur menggunakan model SPREAD. Hasil studi membuktikan bahwa manajemen laba dan asimteri informasi tidak berpengaruh  signifikan terhadap biaya modal ekuitas, dan asimetri informasi memperkuat hubungan antara manajemen laba dan biaya modal ekuitas. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa semakin tinggi manajemen laba dan asimetri informasi maka semakin rendah biaya modal ekuitas, meskipun asimetri informasi dipandang positif oleh investor namun investor sudah dapat mengantisipasi resiko investasi atas modal yang ditanamkan.
Kata kunci: Manajemen laba, biaya modal ekuitas, asimetri informasi

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) tahun 2007 - 2011. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur pengaruh manajemen laba terhadap tingkat pengungkapan laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan-perusahaan yang berada dalam daftar anggota JII.
Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) merupakan indeks saham syariah yang beranggotakan 30 perusahaan yang usahanya tidak menyalahi aturan saham syariah yaitu yang tidak berorientasi keuangan dan produk yang diharamkan. Sebagai perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam JII yang merupakan saham syariah diharapkan perusahaan tersebut tidak melakukan praktik manajemen laba.
Hasil uji F mengindikasikan manajemen laba tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat pengungkapan perusahaan yang dihitung dengan indeks pengungkapan. Item-item pengungkapan laporan keuangan menggunakan daftar item pengungkapan yang dikeluarkan oleh Bapepam.

Kata kunci :  Manajemen Laba (DA) , Indeks Pengungkapan , Jakarta Islamic Index (JII), Bapepam

This study aims to examine the influence of earnings management by Discretionary accrual perspective and financial statement by CAMELS perspective on stock return with audit quality as a moderating variable on banking sector. The population of this research are State-Owned Commercial Bank (BUMN) of Persero, Foreign National Private Bank (BUSN) of Foreign Exchange, Non-Foreign Exchange National Private Bank (BUSN) and Mixed Bank (Private Private Domestic and Foreign Private) which existed in Indonesia from 2011 to 2016. The method of data collection in this research are documentation and observation on the annual report of Banking sector. The data processed by using SPSS program version 20.0 by doing simple multiple linear regression approach. The results of this study The result of this research indicate that earnings management which proxies with Discretionary Accrual have negative effect not significant to stock return, financial performance proxies in CAMELS ratio. The result is ...

ABSRACT The purpose of this research is to investigate influence of good corporate governance mechanism on earning management. Good Corporate Governance mechanism that used un thus research, such as : board of directors, board of commissioner, audit committee and institutional ownership. The sample in this research are manufacturing companies which were listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the year 2009-2013. Total sample in this research are 292. This research uses multiple regression analysis method to Good Corporate Governance mechanisms on earnings management. The result of this research showed that board of commissioners have significant relationship with earnings management, and the simultant, Good Corporate Governance mechanism have significant relationship with earning management. Keywords: earnings management and good corporate governance metchanism ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh mekanisme good corporate governance terhadap manajemen laba. Baik mekanisme Corporate Governance yang digunakan un demikian penelitian, seperti: direksi, dewan komisaris, komite audit dan kepemilikan institusional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2009-2013. Total sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 292. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi berganda untuk mekanisme Good Corporate Governance pada manajemen laba. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dewan komisaris memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan manajemen laba, dan simultan, baik mekanisme Corporate Governance memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan manajemen laba. Kata kunci: manajemen laba dan mekanisme tata kelola perusahaan yang baik

The accounting information has been the business language that informs stakeholders about firm’s performance at a relatively low cost and credible manner. On the other hand, the accounting standard gives management flexibility to choose a set of accounting policies. This condition opens up the management to choose accounting policies in their own best interest. Given an information asymmetry between management and other external stakeholders, management is motivated to have opportunistic behavior through practice of earnings management. For lack of empirical evidence that shows the effect of information asymmetry on earnings management, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether the information asymmetry has motivated the management to do earnings management.
The object of this study is manufacturing firms listed in the Jakarta Stock Exchange in 1996. Based on purposive sampling, a company should meet the following criteria: manufacturing company is listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange before 1994, a company gave the financial statement publicly at December 31st, and there is no missing data. Based on these criteria, extracting a list of firms produces 107 admissible firms.
The test result failed to show the influence of information asymmetry on earnings management (the null hypothesis failed to be rejected). Nevertheless, the relationship between information asymmetry and earnings management took on the expected sign. Empirical result also showed a little support to the political cost hypothesis and didn’t show to the debt covenant hypothesis.