Imazighen

Dit boek is de vertaling in het Nederlands van Mohammed Chafik over de Imazighen in Marokko. Abdarrahman el Aissati en ik schreven het laatste hoofdstuk over de recente geschiedenis van de Imazighen. Het boek is uitverkocht. De vertaling was van de hand van Richard van Leeuwen. Voor ons hoofdstuk is dit de referentie:

(2004) Aissati, A. El & J.J. de Ruiter. De recente geschiedenis, in : M. Chafik, Imazighen. De Berbers en hun geschiedenis. Amsterdam: Bulaaq, pp. 113-138.

Militant dissidence does not always take a violent turn. Sometimes it is played out in poetry, song, and in the attempted rescue of yet another dying indigenous language. Dying languages are not a new phenomenon, but the contemporary struggle by indigenous peoples to revive or perpetuate their language is a last desperate attempt to maintain or retrieve their own distinct identity in an increasingly globalized environment. Globalization, however, has been both bane and boon. Bane, in that global political economy takes place in an increasingly monolingual environment, and boon, in that indigenous peoples, whether in their homelands or in diaspora, can mobilize internationally. The Tamazight language has been on the decline since the Arabs first entered and began to dominate North Africa. They brought with them not only Islam but also the Arabic language, sacred to the newly introduced religion. Tamazight was made illegal in many parts of North Africa and its written script proscribed. In the twentieth century, it has fallen upon the Amazigh diaspora to attempt to rescue the last remnants of Tamazight before it disappears. On the home front, what is at stake in the twenty-first century is the final loss of both language and identity of the indigenous peoples of

In questo elaborato ci occuperemo prevalentemente dei berberi del Marocco e del loro processo di rivendicazione in quanto minoranza nazionale all'interno di una società araba. Dedicheremo attenzione anche all'identità berbera considerata nella sua dimensione transnazionale delineando le principali caratteristiche che contraddistinguono i berberi in quanto popolo del Nord Africa. Nella parte centrale dell'elaborato ci occuperemo nello specifico dei berberi del Marocco la cui storia può essere ripercorsa seguendo tre principali fasi della storia marocchina: l'occupazione francese, l'indipendenza e gli sviluppi conseguenti alle proteste del 2011.

1 Les Juifs d’Afrique du Nord ne sont pas des descendants des tribus berbères converties au judaïsme comme l’affirme Ibn Khaldoun
2 Les Juifs d’Afrique du Nord ne sont pas arrivés directement d’Israël comme réfugiés ou comme déportés.
3 La majorité des Juifs d’Afrique du Nord sont des descendants d’Africains hellénisés convertis individuellement au judaïsme.
4 Al Kahina, l’héroïne de la rébellion berbère contre le colonisateur arabe, n’était ni juive ni chrétienne.

Resumen Desde la Petite Kabilie (actual oriente de Argelia), los Kutāma llegaron a al-Andalus antes de la movilización fatimí (909), acontecimiento en el cual tuvieron una destacadísima relevancia. Entre los clanes que se establecieron en la Península Ibérica, destaca el de los banū Suktān que dio nombre a una ciudad en la Marca Media, entre los ríos Tajo y Tiétar, posiblemente Escalona (Toledo). La historia de este grupo (qawm), asentado después en Alange (Badajoz), refleja a la perfección los movimientos de población, fundamentalmente de grupos tribales beréberes, sucedidos en al-Andalus en los siglos VIII y IX.

Este número ha sido publicado gracias al apoyo financiero del Círculo de Amistad Marroquí-Español. Agradecemos la preciosa colaboración del Instituto Cervantes de Madrid que ha tenido a bien publicarlo en su Portal http://cvc.cervantes.es Ce numéro a été publié grâce à l'appui financier du Cercle d'Amitié Maroco-Espagnol. Nous remercions l'Institut Cervantes de Madrid pour sa collaboration qui s'est traduite par l'insertion de ce numéro dans son site http://cvc.cervantes.es.

The study of toponomy in the region of Adrar n Infusen region shows vital results of studies regarding the preserving of the place-name, with more in deep researches and analysis on the region topographic and geo-names. Kabaw, as one of the territories considered through our study on the toponomy panorama of Adrar n Infusen region. This paper presents or appears under classification of the place names sorted through this article. Despite the fact that these classification involves the concept of defining the place name, from the landscape, streams, and settlements. This study highlights the place names in terms of sorted listed names, with short basic analyzing the etymology of these place names, its because the article mainly to record place-names found in kabaw which has been for centuries with lack of concern on preserving or performing a research of this kind of studies that are related to topographic and geo-names of our mountain region.