IUCN

Land protection policies such as creating and preserving national parks have been promoted to counter global threats to the environment and to conserve biodiversity. We know little, however, about the country characteristics that might be good predictors of whether states will choose to protect land or not. What factors within a state need to be the focus of global attention or need to be encouraged to promote land-protection policies? Using the global standard of 10% ecoregion protection, we test four categories of predictors–biodiversity, environmental threats, politics (such as treaty participation and NGO activity), and economics (such as GDP and trade measures)–as well as a multidimensional model in a multivariate analysis of 129 countries. Our findings suggest that the multidimensional model best predicts when it is likely that a country will protect land. While a number of key variables such as economic are not supported, the environmental threats model presents us with the strongest individual reason for land protection.

Asian Wild Water Buffalo with the scientific name Bubalus bubalis arnee is recorded as an imperiled species in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN's) Red List of Threatened Species wetland-subordinate. More number Wild Water Buffalo in Nepal are found at the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve (KTWR), situated on the floodplain of the Koshi River in Province 1. This species is in danger because of a high anthropogenic pressing factor going from natural surroundings weakening to hybridization with homegrown Buffalo. Various preservation and work mediations have been attempted to shield the biodiversity, especially the wild buffalo populace in the KTWR. The people group-based supportable administration approach profiting both protection and work of neighborhood individuals is important to guarantee the drawn-out preservation of the species. But it is not happening, so the Government of Nepal translocated 18 Wild Water Buffaloes to Chitwan National Park, and the environment is not suitable for them. There is the possibility to translocate Wild Water Buffaloes in the Babai flood plain of Bardia National Park for conservation.

The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation ...

If only all of you have read our papers published since 1983 and believed our real data and field problems, the will be NO Singapore meeting.

"Other ref;
http://www.academia.edu/2419675/A_review_of_the_Sumatran_rhinoceros_conservation_programme_and_assessment_of_management_alternatives_for_the_future

http://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=ylnvJSAAAAAJ&citation_for_view=ylnvJSAAAAAJ:u5HHmVD_uO8C
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Land use/land cover (LU/LC) is an important component in understanding the interactions of the human activities with the environment. Pulicat Lagoon is the second largest brackish water body in India and it is a home for many migrant water birds for various regions. It is a breeding ground for several species of water birds and marine living organisms. For the analysis of land use and land cover changes in Pulicat Lagoon, Landsat data is used with. The comparison of LULC which is derived from toposheet and satellite imagery interpretation indicates that there is a significant change occurred from the past to the present scenario. The LULC change detection analysis is essential for the identification of changes made in land use and land cover by comparing the old Toposheet with recent satellite data. The main objective of this paper is to quantify the land use and land cover changes of Pulicat Lagoon using multi-temporal satellite image and change detection analysis. The changes were carried out using ArcGIS software and ENVI software by doing supervised and unsupervised classification of image and mapping of those analyzed data. Unsupervised classification is done by the computer itself by using some technique to determine which pixels are related and groups them into classes. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is a parameter for identifying vegetation changes in an area and also it has an obvious correlation with vegetation cover. Temporal variation corresponds to the vegetation change and growth using ENVI software. The NDVI of an area can be calculated using mathematical expressions (NIR-RED/NIR+RED) in the data which have the band combination of RED and Near InfraRed (NIR). It is necessary to monitor and detect the changes to maintain a sustainable environment for a proper development. In this study, LULC changes are investigated using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS).

At the Copenhagen climate change conference in 2009, the
International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
proposed ten additional species to ‘‘share the polar bear’s
burden’’ and ‘‘illustrate’’ global effects of climate change
(IUCN 2009). Images of polar bears in melting ice have
become synonymous with environmentalist climate campaigns
(Stirling and Derocher 2007). The IUCN proposal
adopts the logic that if one flagship species for global climate
change can apparently influence public opinion, a
whole fleet of flagships would have an even greater effect.
The new IUCN climate change flagship fleet includes
staghorn corals, the ringed seal, the leatherback turtle, the
emperor penguin, the quiver tree, clownfish, the arctic fox,
salmon, the koala, and the beluga whale (IUCN 2009).

48 Pachyderm No. 38 January–June 2005 Adjewodah et al. Hoare R. 1999. Data collection and analysis protocol for human–elephant conflict situation in Africa. A docu-ment prepared for the IUCN African Elephant Special-ist Group's Human–Elephant Conflict Taskforce. AfESG, ...

42 Pachyderm No. 40 January–June 2006 Sam et al. The African Elephant Specialist Group through its Small Grants Programme funded by the European Union supported a preliminary investigation into the possibilities of linking this population to others in the Guinean ...

The diet of elephants in the Kakum Conservation Area, Ghana was studied from July 2001 to June 2002. Elephants ate fruits and other components of 34 plant species. An examination of elephant dung piles yielded fruit fragments representing 29 species, whilst data on fresh feeding signs showed an extra five species of plants, either browsed upon or barked. There were seasonal differences in the quantity and diversity of fruits eaten. Fruit availability in the park correlated to the consumption of forest fruits but was inversely correlated to the consumption of cultivated crops. Fruit availability was highest in the month of October but lowest in June. There were high barking activities in close canopy areas and browsing in open canopy areas.

Are there “fates worse than death,” to use Kurt Vonnegut’s title? Is captivity one such fate? Captive for Life examines these questions through the lens of conservation biology’s ex situ models of captive management — and captive breeding in particular — for wild animals, and especially for species that have been designated as Critically Endangered or as Extinct in the Wild. Drawing on interviews with leading conservation biologists, the chapter describes the erosion of the distinctions between species management in captivity and in wild nature, often referred to among experts as ex situ and in situ conservation. The chapter examines situations in which the extinction, or near-extinction, of a species in the wild is imminent, and a captive breeding program is initiated — typically by zoos — to ensure this species’ survival. Finally, I hint toward the possibility of abandoning the “in” and “out” paradigm, that has so characterized modern conservation narratives, in favor of an understanding of conservation that focuses on a more dynamic and less predetermined view of ecosystems and populations. Such a holistic model breaks with the bifurcations of modern conservation to offer relational configurations for managing wild life.

Birds have long fascinated scientists and travellers, so their distribution and abundance through time have been better documented than those of other organisms. Many bird species are known to have gone extinct, but information on subspecies extinctions has never been synthesised comprehensively. We reviewed the timing, spatial patterns, trends and
causes of avian extinctions on a global scale, identifying 279 ultrataxa (141 monotypic species and 138 subspecies of polytypic species) that have gone extinct since 1500. Species extinctions peaked in the early 20th century, then fell until the mid 20th century, and have subsequently accelerated. However, extinctions of ultrataxa peaked in the second half of the 20th century. This trend reflects a consistent decline in the rate of extinctions on islands since the beginning of the 20th century, but an acceleration in the extinction rate on continents. Most losses (78.7% of species and 63.0% of subspecies)
occurred on oceanic islands. Geographic foci of extinctions include the Hawaiian Islands (36 taxa), mainland Australia and islands (29 taxa), the Mascarene Islands (27 taxa), New Zealand (22 taxa) and French Polynesia (19 taxa). The major proximate drivers of extinction for both species and subspecies are invasive alien species (58.2% and 50.7% of species and
subspecies, respectively), hunting (52.4% and 18.8%) and agriculture, including non-timber crops and livestock farming (14.9% and 31.9%). In general, the distribution and drivers of subspecific extinctions are similar to those for species extinctions. However, our finding that, when subspecies are considered, the extinction rate has accelerated in recent decades is both novel and alarming.

In February 2004, a dry-season elephant survey was conducted in the Bia Conservation Area in Western Region of Ghana to determine the distribution and abundance of elephants and the human and ecological variables that affect them. Fifty-two 1-kilometre transects were systematically distributed in three strata (high, medium and low density) based on elephant dung-pile density recorded in an initial reconnaissance. Two estimation models were used to estimate elephant numbers: a rainfall model gave an estimate of 115 (95% CI = [90, 148]) elephants while a steady-state assumption model provided 146 (95% CI = [107, 185]) elephants. Water availability explained a high proportion of the variance in elephant distribution and illegal activity. Other variables assessed, including raphia stand, secondary vegetation, gap length and fruiting trees, did not account significantly for the distribution of elephants.

50 Pachyderm No. 40 January–June 2006 Sam et al. Short J. 1981. Diet and feeding of forest elephants, Bia National Park. Mammalia 45: 177–186. Short JC. 1983. Density and seasonal movements of the forest elephant (Loxodonta africana cyclotis Matschie) in the Bia ...

The European Red List is a review of the conservation status of European species according to IUCN regional Red Listing guidelines. It identifies those species that are threatened with extinction at the regional level, so that appropriate conservation action can be taken to improve their status. This Red List publication summarises results for all hitherto described native European Orthoptera species (grasshoppers, crickets and bush-crickets).

This report draws widely from the diverse experience of landscape partnerships to analyze the challenges and opportunities for businesses and their partners, and lays out critical actions needed by businesses themselves, and by financial institutions, governments and landscape programs, to improve the effectiveness of landscape partnerships and replicate the approach in many more places.

The importance of engaging young people in protected areas and nature conservation has become an undisputed agenda for the international conservation community, but it remains a challenging one. This is an important agenda to assess as we attempt to reflect on the Durban World Park Congress and foresee the next steps. The paper traces the background of youth engagement within the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA). It portrays youth as an innovative and diverse constituency with the critical knowledge to advance nature conservation in protected areas. It also gives a snapshot of the recently conducted global survey on youth in relation to protected areas (PAs), highlighting the perceptions, visions and key messages of youth to global PA leaders. It identifies key issues in the discourse of engaging youth in protected areas and recommends concrete actions for the future.

Global conservation of plant biodiversity on tropical islands is a major priority, as approximately one third of all endangered plant species are insular endemics. Checklists can be an important first step in determining conservation priorities on islands. Hainan, the largest island in the Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot, and therefore an international focus for conservation, has the most extensive and best preserved tropical forests in China. In this study we enumerate the endemic seed plants of Hainan Island. The checklist was prepared by consulting: (1) several bibliographic/taxonomic data base resources, (2) relevant taxonomic treatments and floras, and (3) plant taxonomists who are actively working with Chinese plants. The checklist also contains information concerning conservation status, the occurrence of Hainan endemics in four protected areas on the island, and available molecular phylogenies. An additional checklist of the species that were until recently thought to be endemic to Hainan, but are no longer considered to be, is also presented. In a separate paper in this issue of Botanical Review the patterns of endemism on Hainan Island are discussed.