High School Chemistry

A simple manipulative resource, Atomic Tiles, is described for scaffolding the learning of Lewis structures without using algorithmic, rule-based methods of drawing. Students use Atomic Tiles to (1) create models of bonding that lead to drawing Lewis structures, (2) use the structures they create to infer patterns required for rational structures and common organic functional groups, (3) translate between Lewis structures and molecular models, and (4) use molecular models to identify isomers.

In this paper a table, grouping of elements, is presented in the form of a triangular table named as Aish Slope Table (AST) which incorporates the distribution of elements on the basis of filling order in orbitals in an atom. This is a promising grouping because of covering the drawbacks of previously adopted periodic table. Parameters that are investigated covers anonymous positions, accommodation of a complete group of elements, periodicity in properties and few more. By including an appropriate system as similar as electron filling in an orbital it brings a rejuvenated exceptional basic step to enter the door to study chemistry and related. This paper demonstrate that there is considerable scope for theoretical realisation of the combined study of elements ,orbital energy order and the rule of electrons filling in orbitals and shells. _______________________________________________________________________________________________

In this investigation, the titration of a strong acid, HCl, with a strong base, NaOH, was conducted. The investigation primarily aimed to determine the molarity of the HCl solution by titrating it with a NaOH solution of known concentration. During the study, several important data regarding the acid base titration process were precisely recorded in addition to the pH measurements that were done in every 0.5 mL addition of NaOH. With the data obtained during the titration, a graphical representation of the titration experiment was generated. By interpreting the titration graph it was possible to determine the equivalence point, the pH at this particular point and the molarity of the HCl solution that was completely titrated by the added NaOH solution.

The aim of this simple, quick, and safe laboratory exercise is to provide undergraduate students an introduction to nanotechnology using nanoparticle (NP) synthesis. Students are provided two procedures that allow for the synthesis of different yet controlled sizes of silver NPs. After preparing the NPs, the students perform UV−visible spectroscopy and full-width-half-maximum (fwhm) analysis to determine the size of the NPs they have synthesized. In doing so, the students made nanoparticles of size ranges from 10− 100 nm, thus spanning the range of nanotechnology. The experiments are designed to be accomplished in a single 90 min session and have been successfully conducted with over 1000 first-year-level students over a three-year period.

Biotechnology has recently celebrated 30 years both as a science and as a multi-billion dollar industry. One application of biotechnology is to use human genetic information to discover, develop, manufacture, and commercialize biotherapeutics. Recombinant proteins can be produced in large quantities at high purity. High-throughput proteomic analysis is at the heart of the biotechnology research and development process, and the industry is constantly striving to streamline and automate the analytical processes involved. Microwave-assisted proteomics has recently emerged as a tool for increasing the bio-catalysis of several processes including tryptic digestions lipase selectivities, identification of metal-catalyzed oxidation sites on proteins, identification of protein N- and C-termini and enzyme catalyzed N-linked deglycosylation. Here, we explore the above mentioned methods, and describe our experiences evaluating microwave-technology for other common proteomic protocols including: removal of N-terminal pyroglutamyl for antibody characterization, beta elimination and Michael addition for identification of phosphorylation sites on recombinant proteins and enzyme mediated O-linked deglycosylation.

A small library of N-alkylated amino acid-derived sulfonamide hydroxamates was synthesized on solid phase and tested for inhibition of proliferation of the highly invasive breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The most active compound 4317 inhibited cell growth at IC(50) 30 microM. N-alkylation of N-H hydroxamate-based MMP inhibitors, a modification known to eliminate MMP activity, enhanced cell proliferation inhibition potency.