Coking Coal

The operation of blast furnaces with coal/natural gas injection requires high coke quality. For lowest coke cost while keeping the necessary coke quality, the choice of coals and the formulation of the blend is a very important issue. A widely utilized tool for blend design is modeling, preceded by coal characterization and followed by pilot oven testing. In this paper, the development of models is reviewed, based on public literature. Three main stages are taken into account, form the sixties to current times..

The article discusses coal mining situation in Poland. It also defines hard coal deposits classification depending on their thickness, and presents the condition of recoverable and operative resources according to bed thickness, as well as presents their share in up to 1.5 m thick deposit production. The directions of thin beds exploitation technology development in national conditions have been signalized and a need to change the place of thin beds in the structure of hard coal mining in Poland has been shown.
Primary energy consumption in 25 UN countries is on the level of 2.4 billion Mg of conventional fuel units, including 18% from hard and brown coal. However, limited reserves of UN's energy carriers, such as petroleum, natural gas, and hard and brown coal, sustain hope that coal will remain its position on the UN energy market. It seems highly possible, since within last years petroleum and natural gas prices are high and it is expected that with the increasing global demand on oil and gas they will remain so.
At present, hard coal is produced in only six countries of the UN. Due to output quantity, they can be ordered as follows: Poland. Germany, Great Britain, the Czech Republic, Spain and Romania. Poland is the greatest producer of hard coal in the UN. Poland's coal production constitutes over 50% of Union's production, 59% of power coal and 39% coking coal. Poland is the second, after Germany, producer of coking coal in the UN.