Clinimetrics

Vergrijzing, nieuw opnamebeleid: verpleegkundigen in de ziekenhuizen
zien steeds vaker oudere patiënten met complexe zorgproblematiek.
Het leren over de zorg aan deze patiënten houdt niet
op bij de schoolbanken: verpleegkundigen moeten die kennis bijhouden
en blijven ontwikkelen in de loop van hun carrière. Hoe is
het gesteld met het kennisniveau van verpleegkundigen over de
oudere patiënt? Een onderzoek onder mbo- en hbo-verpleegkundigen,
van studenten en net-afgestudeerden tot verpleegkundigen
met jarenlange ervaring in de ziekenhuispraktijk.

"Dit artikel is met toestemming van de redactie overgenomen uit TvZ Tijdschrift voor verpleegkundigen 2016, nr. 6, www.tvzdirect.nl’

Worldwide, an increase of older people admitted to the general hospitals is observed. Care for older patients is often complex, having different care needs due to (multiple) chronic diseases and an increased risk for illness- related complications during hospital admission (Creditor MC, 1993). Hospital admission is therefore a stressful event for many older patients which can result in functional decline (Hoogerduijn, Grobbee, Schuurmans, 2014). It is important that nurses demonstrate sufficient knowledge regarding older patients to ensure that the best quality of care is provided to older patients.

The Knowledge about Older Patients – Quiz (KOP-Q) is developed and validated for use in educational and quality of care programs or for research purposes. It measures general knowledge about older patients: normal aging; signaling problems in old age; interventions; family interventions; combined with a variety of geriatric conditions (Dikken, Hoogerduijn, Schuurmans, 2015). The KOP-Q is considered valid to asses nursing students-, nurses- and nurse specialists’ knowledge (Dikken et al., 2016a). This American-English version of the KOP-Q followed all steps of translation and validation for use in the United States of America (Dikken et al., 2016b)

The KOP-Q consists of 30 true/false questions and will take approximately 10 minutes to answer. After every knowledge question, a certainty bar is included to indicate how certain participants are about the answer given. This provides insight in the ability to reflect on one’s own knowledge and is considered an important theme by experts.

For questions regarding the KOP-Q and/or the use, you can contact Jeroen Dikken (e-mail: Jeroen.dikken@hu.nl).

You can download for free a "Word" version of the KOP-Q at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgs.14476/abstract (supporting information)

References
- Creditor MC. (1993) Hazards of Hospitalization of the Elderly. Ann Intern Med. 118(3):219-223. Doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-118-3-199302010-00011.

- Dikken J, Hoogerduijn JG, Schuurmans MJ. (2015) Construct development, description and initial validation of the knowledge about older patients quiz (KOP-Q) for nurses. Nurse Educ Today. 35:e54–e59. Doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2015.06.005.

- Dikken J, Hoogerduijn JG, Kruitwagen C, Schuurmans MJ. (2016a) Content Validity and - Psychometric Characteristics of the “Knowledge-about-Older-Patients Quiz” (KOP-Q) using Item Response Theory. Accepted by Journal of the American Geriatric Society

- Dikken J, Hoogerduijn JG, Klaassen S, Lagerwey MD, Shortridge-Baggett L, Schuurmans MJ. (2016b) The knowledge about older patients – Quiz (KOP-Q) for nurses: cross-cultural validation between the Netherlands and United States of America. Under review

- Hoogerduijn JG, Grobbee DE, Schuurmans MJ. (2014) Prevention of functional decline in older hospitalized patients: Nurses should play a key role in safe and adequate care. International Journal of Nursing Practise. 20:106-113. Doi: 10.1111/ijn.12134

Background Low back pain (LBP) is a top musculoskeletal problem and a substantial cause of socioeconomic burden internationally. The STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST) is a useful screening tool to manage patients with LBP but it is unavailable in Thai. Therefore, the aims of this study were to translate and cross-culturally adapt the SBST into a Thai version (SBST-TH) and validate its psychometric properties (e.g., factor analysis, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, agreement, convergent validity and discriminative validity). Methods Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the SBST into Thai version were conducted according to standard guidelines. A total of 200 participants with non-specific LBP were invited to complete the SBST, visual analogue scale for pain intensity, Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ), fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire, pain catastrophising scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale and the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire....

o report adalimumab (Ada) efficacy on articulargastrointestinal disease and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with enteropathic spondyloarthritis(ES). METHODS A cohort of 52 patients with ES was evaluated in the departments of gastroenterology and internal medicine. At baseline, all patients underwent assessment by an integrated gastro-rheumatologic evaluation of articular and gastrointestinal activity, as well patient reported outcomes (PROs) of the HRQoL questionnaires. After this integrated evaluation and following a specific working flowchart, the Ada anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibitor was assigned to a cohort of 30 patients and its clinical efficacy was evaluated at baseline and after 6-mo and 12-mo treatment by the following tests: (1) Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score- C-Reactive Protein (ASDAS-CRP); Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI) for articular activity; (2) Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and partial Mayo (pMayo) score for gastrointestinal symptoms and activity; and (3) Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Patient Global Assessment (PGA) and Short Form-36 health survey (SF-36) questionnaires for PROs of the HRQoL. RESULTS Integrated evaluation and management of the patients affected by ES, carried out simultaneously by a gastroenterologist and a rheumatologist, allowed clinicians to choose the optimal therapeutic strategy. In a cohort of 30 ES patients affected by active articular and gastrointestinal disease, or axial active articular inflammation, Ada led to fast and sustained improvement of both articular and gastrointestinal disease activities. In fact, all the clinimetric evaluation tests exploring articular or gastrointestinal activity, as well as all the HRQoL scores, showed a significant improvement having been achieved at the earliest (6-mo) assessment. This important clinical improvement was maintained at the 12-mo follow-up. Importantly, global and gastrointestinal quality of life significantly correlated with articular disease activity, providing evidence to support that the integrated evaluation is the best option to manage patients with ES. CONCLUSION Ada treatment, upon multidisciplinary (gastrorheumatologic) evaluation, significantly improves both articular and gastrointestinal inflammation, thereby improving the HRQoL in patients affected by ES.

Background: Resilience is an individual's ability to recover or " bounce back " from stressful events. It is commonly identified as a protective factor against psychological dysfunctions in wide range of clinical conditions including chronic pain. Resilience is commonly assessed using the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the CD-RISC into Nepali will allow for a deeper understanding of resilience as an important domain in health in Nepal, and will allow for cross-cultural comparison with other cultures. Therefore, the aims of the study were to translate and culturally adapt 10-and 2-item versions of the CD-RISC into Nepali and evaluate their psychometric properties.

There are few high-quality instruments to evaluate the participation and social functioning of fibromyalgia patients. The Fibromyalgia Participation Questionnaire (FPQ) is a questionnaire that evaluates these aspects with high reliability and validity in its German original version. The aim of this work was to describe the translation and cross-cultural adaptation process of the FPQ into Spanish and its validation to ensure the equivalence against the original version. The questionnaire will be translated according to the FACIT methodology, and it will be tested in the Clinical Management Unit of North Almeria Health Area. This methodology includes several stages: double forward translation, reconciled version, back-translation, review of the previous versions and development of the prefinal version for the pretest. Once the pretest ends, the final version of the questionnaire will be developed, which will be subjected to a validation process to study its psychometric properties. Reliability will be studied by internal consistency and test-retest reliability through Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's correlation coefficient, respectively. External and construct validity will be analysed using correlation coefficients, content validity with an empirical analysis, and a differential item functioning analysis will be employed to measure discriminative validity. The presence of ceiling and floor effects will be calculated too. The validation of the FPQ into different languages will allow better evaluation and treatment based on the observed limitations fibromyalgia patients suffer from, as well as bringing the possibility to compare between other countries and generalize its use in the scientific community.