Aspen Hysys

Chapter 1: Process Background & Selection
Chapter 2: Site Location
Chapter 3: Mass Balance
Chapter 4: Energy Balance
Chapter 5: Process Simulation
Chapter 6: Environmental and Waste Management
Chapter 7: Process Integration
Chapter 8: Process Control & Instrumentation
Chapter 9: Design of Major Equipment (Chemical & Mechanical)
Chapter 10: Economic Analysis
Chapter 11: Plant Safety & Layout

The prediction of RH as a function of dry- and wet-bulb temperatures is a challenging task because of their highly nonlinear and complex relationship. The machine learning-based prediction strategies have attained significant attention in tackling a broad class of challenging nonlinear and complex problems. The random forest (RF) algorithm is a well-proven machine learning algorithm due to its ease of training and implementation, as it requires minimal preprocessing. However, the RF algorithm has hitherto not been employed for estimating air quality parameters, such as RH. In this study, the RF approach is implemented to solve the RH prediction problem to address this gap. A well-known commercial rigorous process simulator called Aspen HYSYS® V10 is linked with MATLAB® version 2019a to establish a data mining environment. The robustness of the RF prediction model is evaluated against varying wet-bulb depressions. The RF model can predict RHs with a 1.1% mean absolute deviation compared to HYSYS-based RH values. Furthermore, theThe performance of the RF estimation model is also compared with a well-known support vector machine (SVM)-based regression model. The proposed RF model demonstrates 74.4% better performance than the SVM for the problem of interest, i.e., RH estimation. This study will significantly help the practitioners in efficient designing of air-dependent energy systems as well as in better environmental management through rigor prediction of RH.

Natural gas may contain many of non-hydrocarbon components, for instance, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen and water vapor. These impurities cause several technical problems such as corrosion and environmental pollution. Therefore, these impurities should be reduced or removed from raw natural gas stream. However, the laboratory analysis has showed that the sour gas has huge quantities of H 2 S about (5.3%) and CO 2 about (4.4%). Indeed, gas sweetening process has been removed in previous study by using Aspen HYSYS. However, sweet gas is still containing some quantities of water reach to more than 23 ppm in sweet gas stream. This amount of water should be removed or reduced. Indeed, water contents in natural gas cause several technical problems such as hydrates and corrosion. Therefore, this study aims at to simulate the prospective gas moisture removal process by using Aspen HYSYS software. Moreover, the simulation process succeeded in reducing the water content to less than 0.1ppm. In addition to that, the simulation approach achieved a process optimization by using several desiccant types such as, triethylene glycol (TEG) and diethylene glycol (DEG). Moreover, it investigates also the relationship between absorbent type and its circulation rate with HCs losses from glycol regenerator tower.

MCcab Thiele by NRTL
In this work i've  used excel sheet to made more accurate program that will help chemical engineering students and professors to visualization the changing that happen by changing the variables such as XD ,XB ,q and R and there influence on Number of stages

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is becoming an increasingly important part of the world’s energy sources. The determination of the heating value of LPG is of great economic importance in domestic and industrial purposes. This paper discusses the effects of impurities (e.g., moisture, H2S) and the presence of other hydrocarbons (e.g., ethane, pentane, propene, and butene) on the heating value of LPG fuel with different propane to butane. Different LPG composition (propane:butane) of 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, and 20:80 are used in this study. In addition, comparative studies of two mercaptans used as leakage identifiers and two inhibitors used for hydrate formation reduction are examined. Aspen-HYSYS process simulator is used to determine the heating value.

MCcab Thiele by Van Laar
In this work i've  used excel sheet to made more accurate program that will help chemical engineering students and professors to visualization the changing that happen by changing the variables such as XD ,XB ,q and R and there influence on Number of stages

Gazlaştırma, organik ya da fosil esaslı karbonlu yakıtların karbonmonoksit, karbondioksit, hidrojen, metan gibi gazlara dönüştürüldüğü ısıl bir işlemdir.
Gazlaştırma işlemi sırasında meydana gelen kimyasal reaksiyonlar sonucunda elde edilen gaza sentez gazı denilmektedir. Gazlaştırma işlemi kömür ve biyokütle gibi katı yakıtların oksidantlar (oksijen ,  hava, su buharı ya da bunların çeşitli oranlarda karışımlarının) ile temas edeceği bir ortamda, reaktörlerin içerisinde gerçekleşmektedir.
Gazlaştırma işleminin gerçekleştiği bu reaktörlere gazlaştırıcı da denilmektedir. Gazlaştırma işleminde yakma teknolojilerine göre daha az miktarda CO2, SO2 ve NOX oluşumu gerçekleşmektedir.
Yakma teknolojileri ile gazlaştırma prosesini karşılaştırdığımızda, gazlaştırma prosesi daha çevreci bir sistem olarak karşımıza çıkacaktır.
Aspen Plus , genel olarak akış şemalarının  bilgisayar ortamında incelenmesi için geliştirilen bir simülasyon programıdır. Aspen Plus aracılığı ile kimyasal süreçler anlaşılır bir şekilde sayısal olarak  modellenebilmektedir. Katı yakıtların gazlaştırma sürecinin Aspen Plus simülasyon programı kullanılarak modellenmesi deneysel sonuçların doğruluğunun  tespiti açısından yarar sağlayacaktır.  Aspen Plus simülasyon programı aracılığı ile bir çok bilgiye başarılı ve kolay bir şekilde erişim sağlanılır.

In this paper Algorithm of Multicomponent activity coefficient by NRTL Equation Using Visual Basic Application Microsoft Excel (VBA) .When you want execute the program just select range from arrays , go to function that was defination by user and select equ, as execution just press three keys CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER .As count from one to three.

Fuel cells are emerging fast as next generation energy device. Among others, Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell finds its wide spread use in the automobile industry and domestic power supply segment. A PEM fuel cell process flow sheet has been simulated using HYSYS indicating possible heat integration scheme.

https://www.amazon.com/Aspen-Plus-Chemical-Engineering-Applications/dp/1119131235
Facilitates the process of learning and later mastering Aspen Plus® with step by step examples and succinct explanations
Step-by-step textbook for identifying solutions to various process engineering problems via screenshots of the Aspen Plus® platforms in parallel with the related text
Includes end-of-chapter problems and term project problems
Includes online exam and quiz problems for instructors that are parametrized (i.e., adjustable) so that each student will have a standalone version
Includes extra online material for students such as Aspen Plus®-related files that are used in the working tutorials throughout the entire textbook

Natural gas may contain many of non-hydrocarbon components, for instance, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen and water vapor. These impurities cause several technical problems such as corrosion and environmental pollution. Therefore, these impurities should be reduced or removed from raw natural gas stream. However, the laboratory analysis has showed that the sour gas has huge quantities of H 2 S about (5.3%) and CO 2 about (4.4%). Indeed, gas sweetening process has been removed in previous study by using Aspen HYSYS. However, sweet gas is still containing some quantities of water reach to more than 23 ppm in sweet gas stream. This amount of water should be removed or reduced. Indeed, water contents in natural gas cause several technical problems such as hydrates and corrosion. Therefore, this study aims at to simulate the prospective gas moisture removal process by using Aspen HYSYS software. Moreover, the simulation process succeeded in reducing the water content to less than 0.1ppm. In addition to that, the simulation approach achieved a process optimization by using several desiccant types such as, triethylene glycol (TEG) and diethylene glycol (DEG). Moreover, it investigates also the relationship between absorbent type and its circulation rate with HCs losses from glycol regenerator tower.

In Oil & Gas industry gas sweetening process is inevitable when raw natural gas contains acid gases like H2S and CO2. Removal of these acid gases is essential since their presence poses severe corrosion problem to the downstream process lines and equipment. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary amines are widely used as solvent for sweetening purpose. This compilation aims at providing general insight to the sweetening process, associated operational problems and troubleshooting measures.

This research is considered as an introduction for designing a Natural Gas
  processing plant
- It concerns with natural gas processing systems (sweeting, dehydration,
  fractionation, liquefaction  and  recovery)
- As an example for natural gas processing systems we have studied and
  designed a processing system for Egyptian natural gas
- Firstly we get the Egyptian natural gas composition and we have studied
  the methods of processing  by using ( Cryogenic refrigeration cycles ) like
  Cascade, Linde and Claude cycles.
- After making an evaluation and studying the advantages and  disadvantages of     
  these systems we get that Cascade and Linde cycles are the most suitable
  systems in natural gas processing plant.
- We made two different designs for separation and liquefaction plants ( as   
  mentioned in chapter 3 and chapter 4 )
-  In our design process , we have used basic rules of thermo dynamics and
  refrigeration charts
- Also we have used computer skills and software for calculation and
  simulation as Microsoft Excel , EES, and mainly HYSYS 7
- This design only contains general plant design without equipment detail 
  design or sizing
- so the next step after this research is a complete prototype design for 
  Linde oxygen production plant (containing equipment design)

Scrubber PV-3700 adalah separator dua fasa yang memisahkan fraksi liquid yang terkandung dalam gas alam. Pengendali pada PV-3700 memiliki dua manipulated variable (MV) laju aliran output gas QGout dan liquid QLout dengan dua variabel proses (PV) tekanan gas dan level kondensat.  Deviasi laju aliran input Qin dan temperatur dianggap sebagai disturbance bagi sistem. Perubahan temperatur berbanding lurus dengan jumlah fraksi mol gas dan berbanding terbalik dengan fraksi mol liquid. Hasil respon dinamik didapat pengaruh disturbance laju aliran masukan dan temperatur terhadap perubahan tekanan lebih besar dibandingkan terhadap perubahan level yang diakibatkan oleh fraksi gas yang lebih dominan dibandingkan liquid. Uji performansi pengendalian tekanan dengan disturbance laju aliran input 6.5 mmscfd diperoleh nilai maximum undershoot sebesar 1.4995 % dan pada uji pengendalian level dengan disturbance 6.5 mmscfd diperoleh maximum undershoot sebesar 0.0183 %.

In this paper Algorithm of Multicomponent activity coefficient by UNIFAC Equation Using Visual Basic Application Microsoft Excel (VBA) .When you want execute the program just select range from arrays , go to function that was defination by user and select equ, as execution just press three keys CTRL+SHIFT+ENTER .As count from one to three.

Energy costs affect the profitability of virtually every
process. This book provides a unified platform for process
improvement through the analysis of both the energy demand
side—the processing plant—and the energy supply side—
available heat and power resources. Emphasis is placed on
first quantifying the material and energy flows in a process.
The energy needs of the process guide the optimal design of
the utility system. Techniques are also presented to ensure
that the most cost-effective operation of the utility system is
maintained

Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) are promising feedstock for production of high purity petrochemicals as they are relatively cheap and readily available. LPG feedstock is subjected to ASPEN simulation to generate the petrochemicals benzene, toluene and xylene. Benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) were produced via simulation from propane and butane (LPG) using the ASPEN HYSYS simulation package. The purity level of 68.83% benzene, 89% toluene and 92% xylene were obtained from the product upgrading processes at feed composition level of 80% propane and 20% butane. Power requirement of 5.33 MW was obtained from the overall energy balance of the process using the ASPEN energy analyzer. The work shows a complete model of a plant that yielded high purity BTX from LPG.

The fresh feed temperature before and after the recovered reactant from second distillation unit is fed to the mixer is different. Both DME Production Plant simulate by ASPEN HYSYS with different Fluid Package, UNIQUAC and NRTL show the same purity of DME produced which is 99.51% purity. Most of the data obtained between the two Fluid Package is the same, with slightly different vapor composition in Stream 7 and stream 10. Based on the simulation process conducted, when using UNIQUAC as fluid package, the heat flow for cooler (Q-102) and reboiler (Q-104) is lower compared to the heat flow when using NRTL as fluid package. Thus, the energy can be minimized by using UNIQUAC as the fluid package. Besides, the valve is installed to ensure no back flow of the bottom product of T-100 back to the unit. For every 8366 kg/h of Methanol with 99.05% purity fed to the reactor will produced 5990 kg/h DME. Hence, the plant capacity per year is 52472.4 tonne/year.

CPE603 - Process Modelling

Ce travail concerne l'étude de l'influence de la température ambiante sur le rendement de la turbine à gaz (MS 5002C), cette dernière entraine un Compresseur Centrifuge (BCL 606 3A) , qui comprime du gaz brut dans une région du sud Algérien sujette aux variations de températures. Le comportement du compresseur est aussi étudié en calculant ses paramètres en utilisant une simulation thermodynamique.

Industrial boilers simulation can serve number of purposes like training, optimization, HAZOP studies, and incident investigation. Simulation including trip logics, interlockings, safety devices, start-up and shutdown procedure is presented in this work. Simulation is directly accomplished in dynamic mode to benefit from the holdup approach to avoid anomalies because of recycling. The industrial DCS/PLC diagrams are replicated to imitate the boiler-integrated behavior. Trip logics, start-up and shutdown procedures are programmed using event scheduler. The inbuilt pressure relief module validates the simulated PSVs and rupture disc capacities. The model is then verified at three stages including ‘steady state’ achievement in dynamic mode, controller validation by start-up and shut down procedures and finally by direct industrial data under deviant conditions. Where an unfortunate event is a concern, it also provides an opportunity to ponder and to evolve at various levels. Operational simulation of any such incident may help in getting a deep insight and thus to take accurate countermeasures. One such attempt is done in this work. A boiler accident has been reported. The complete response of the controllers and interlockings/trip system is imitated. The obtained results were compared with the chain of events that took place. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2019

Ethyl acetate (EtAc) is mainly used as solvent in paints, adhesives and coatings, eliminating the use of aromatic compounds. Reactive distillation is a type of process intensification in which the separation and reaction is combined in one vessel. In this work, reactive distillation (RD) process for EtAc was implemented using process simulator Aspen HYSYS by applying the data obtained from the bibliography. A sensitive analysis was performed to determine the effects of key design and operating variables on column performance and, subsequently, an optimal column configuration was obtained

In Egypt, it is easy to obtain large amount of biogas from different available sources such as sewage, agricultural and livestock
waste. It is important to purify the biogas from its acidic components (CO2 and H2S) before pumping it into the domestic natural
gas network to meet the standards of these networks. In addition, the purifying process is required in case of using the very high
purity methane in sophisticated devices such as X-Ray metal analyzer that requires pure methane for the purpose of alloys
analyzing process. This article is aimed to purify the biogas from CO2& H2S gases, which are the main reasons of the acidic
compounds formation. Moreover, the purifying process increases the biogas calorific value. In order to design an optimized
biogas treatment cycle; numerical simulation was performed using Aspen HYSYS software. The results show that the optimum
absorber dimensions are 1.7 m tray diameter, 1.4 m3 tray volume and 0.5 m tray spacing when the biogas enters the absorber at
a temperature of 43 OC, a pressure of 25 bars, a flow rate of 13 m3/hour and Diethanolamine (DEA) concentration of 0.3.

Amines process remains the most economic and efficient technology available today for the removal of acid gases. However, the costs associated with pumping higher flow rates and the cost of increased energy needs for the regeneration of the solution can undermine the economic feasibility of the project portfolio. The absorber pressure, the composition, and temperature at which the sour gas is available dictates sour gas and amine flow rates needed to meet the sweet gas specifications. To improve absorber capacity for a given sweet gas specification, optimization are commonly carried out using a spreadsheet with an adjust function to manipulate the sour gas flow rate for a fixed amine flow rate. This study performed optimization using response surface methodology on a simulated and calibrated amine plant. The result shows that the optimum operating conditions for 96% CO 2 removal are a temperature of 30 (degree Celsius), the mass flow rate of 868.75 kg/hr, and 20 numbers of plates. In conclusion, using experimental design and response surface methodology the parameter manipulation for the attainment of optimal conditions is overcome.

Egypt has many sources that can be utilized in renewable energy generation, for example, agricultural waste, sewage waste and livestock production, which can be utilized in biogas generation. Biogas is not only one of the promising renewable energy sources in Egypt, but also it can be used in Industrial and research purposes. However, using biogas in industrial and research purposes needs to use an advanced technique for purification and enrichment in order to achieve high methane purity more than 99%.Whatever the purpose of biogasapplication, it is essential to clean it from acidic gases before using it. Biogas contains mainly two acidic gases they are CO 2 and H 2 S, which must be minimized in biogas total composition before pumping it in natural gas pipelines in order to insure the compatibility between biogas composition and natural gas network quality standards. In case of using biogas in industrial and research purposes such as X-ray metal analyzer the biogas CO 2 and H 2 S contents must be equal to zero in order to achieve methane purity 99 % or more. This article aims to upgrade the Egyptian biogas to achieve 99 % methane purity by removing the acidic gases CO 2 and H 2 S completely from Egyptian biogas composition. In order to make a proper design of biogas acidic gas cleaning plant, Aspen HYSYS software can be used as one of numerical simulation programs. Using the typical acidic gas treating plant which plugged in Aspen HYSYS 8.6 library, and used for natural gas treating, it is possible to simulate the biogas treating process, but after taking in consideration the differences between partial pressures of CO 2 and H 2 S in both of natural gas and biogas. This Partial pressure difference leads to study the relation between inside treating gas treating cycle main equipment, and both of CO 2 , H 2 S and methane volume contents of the final sweetening gas product. After drawing relation curves it is easy to determine the optimum working pressure, which can be used to achieve methane purity more than 99 % from Egyptian biogas. The natural gas treating process was done inside Pressure Swing Absorber (PSA) where the feed sour gas enters the absorber atthe CO 2 contents of 0.025, H 2 S contents of 0.007, a temperature of 37 C, a pressure of 30 bars, a flow rate of 13 m3/hour, Diethanolamine (DEA) concentration of 0.3 and 20 stages PSA has a tray diameter of 1.7 m. Then the final methane purity can be obtained from natural gas is 96 %.Using the same cycle with the same conditions, but after the regulation of the PSA working pressure to be suitable for Egyptian biogas treating, a 20 bar PSA working pressure will be obtained as the optimum pressure needed to achieve 99 % methane purity from Egyptian biogas.

Gas to Liquid (GTL) process or Fischer Tropsch process is a well known technology to convert natural gas to middle distillate product. Although the process is simple, it incurs high capital and operation cost and only becomes competitive when crude oil price is high. Efficient heat integration is considered to be most effective scheme to keep the operating cost low in order to make the process attractive. A conceptual process simulation scheme along with possible heat integration has been built in this work using HYSYS.

The main objective of this investigation is to obtain an optimum value for the flue gas recirculation ratio in a 620 MW-Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) power plant with a 100% excess air in order to have a composition of the exhaust gas suitable for an effective absorption by amine solutions. To reach this goal, the recirculated flue gas is added to the secondary air (dilution air) used for cooling the turbine. The originality of this work is that the optimum value of a Flue Gas Recirculation (FGR) ratio of 0.42 is obtained from the change of the slope related to the effects of flue gas recirculation ratio on the molar percentage of oxygen in the exhaust gas. Compared to the NGCC power plant without flue gas recirculation, the molar percentage of carbon dioxide in the flue gas increases from 5% to 9.2% and the molar percentage of oxygen decreases from 10.9% to 3.5%. Since energy efficiency is the key parameter of energy conversion systems, the impact of the flue gas recirculation on the different energy inputs and outputs and the overall efficiency of the power plant are also investigated. It is found the positive effects of the flue gas recirculation on the electricity produced by the steam turbine generator (STG) are more important than its cooling effects on the power output of the combustion turbine generator (CTG). The flue gas recirculation has no effects on the water pump of the steam cycle and the increase of energy consumed by the compressor of flue gas is compensated by the decrease of energy consumed by the compressor of fresh air. Based on the Low heating value (LHV) of the natural gas, the flue gas recirculation increases the overall efficiency of the power plant by 1.1% from 57.5% from to 58.2%.

Egypt has many sources that can be utilized in renewable energy generation, for example, agricultural waste, sewage waste and livestock production, which can be utilized in biogas generation. Biogas is not only one of the promising renewable energy sources in Egypt, but also it can be used in Industrial and research purposes. However, using biogas in industrial and research purposes needs to use an advanced technique for purification and enrichment in order to achieve high methane purity more than 99%.Whatever the purpose of biogasapplication, it is essential to clean it from acidic gases before using it.Biogas contains mainly two acidic gases they are CO 2 and H 2 S, whichmust be minimizedin biogas total composition before pumping it in natural gas pipelines in order to insure the compatibility between biogas composition and natural gas network quality standards. In case of using biogas in industrial and research purposes such as X-ray metal analyzer the biogas CO 2 and H 2 S conte...

This worksheet contante UNIFAC Group Contribution and interaction parameters of group and UNIFAC Group-Group Interaction Parameters, amn, in Kelvins ,UNIFAC Group Specifications and Sample Group Assignments (Hansen, et al., 1991) ,UNIFAC Group Specifications and Sample Group Assignments (Hansen, et al., 1991).