Arte Megalítico

Abstract: The origins of Neolithic tomb building in Europe are often difficult to pinpoint. We know that the Neolithic Revolution occurs in what is termed the ‘Fertile Crescent’ around 10,000 BCE but in terms of understanding the development and tomb architecture and how it spread across Europe is still unclear. We do know that during the 4th and 5th millennium BCE passage grave building becomes a dominant architectural style and was probably a development from a previous eastern European style. The generic passage grave design includes a round mound with an entrance that leads to a passage that is usually orientated east-west. The passage usually merges or connects with a defined chamber. In the case of the Dolmen de Soto the passage/chamber appears to form a continuous galley which constricts halfway along the gallery towards the entrance. At some point either during construction or more likely when in use, various chamber and passage stone uprights were adorned with engraved megalithic art and accompanied by painted Schematic imagery. As part of a Junta de Andalucía-funded project, a Portuguese-Spanish-British team was commissioned to record this unique prehistoric resource between 2016 and 2017.

Durant el Neolític Antic o el Calcolític, els grups humans que freqüentaven el tram de costa comprés entre la platja de Castell i la cala Estreta van aprofitar les condicions naturals que oferia una petita cavorca situada al damunt dels cingles de cala Senià per habilitar-la i transformar-la en un hipogeu o cèl·lula funerària. Aquesta tipologia de coves naturals modificades per la mà humana van ser descrites per primera vegada per Josep Pella i Forgas l’any 1883, en el seu llibre dedicat a la història de l’Empordà. Es curiós constatar com la cova de la cala Senià, possiblement un dels sepulcres més antics del terme de Palamós, és una gran desconeguda i no ha merescut mai un estudi profund en cap publicació especialitzada d’àmbit local o comarcal. L’única bibliografía existent es redueix a un breu article publicat pels membres del GESEART en el butlletí del Centre Excursionista d’Olot de l’any 2012. Per tant, valgui aquest article per a donar a conèixer més profundament aquesta espluga prehistòrica tan curiosa

Research we are doing in the necropolis of los Algarbes (Tarifa, Cadiz), is providing us with an accurate understanding of the typology of construction systems, the rituals used,... In this line, one of the funerary structures in the necropolis most significant for its constructive characteristics corresponds to Structure1-2, related to a “burial of mixed construction”, that is reminiscent of dolmenic constructions. However, in this case, the corridor is excavated in the rock and the cover consists of orthostats. As a result of our recent research, we make a more precise description of the system of construction used in the 1-2 Structure, the origin of the raw materials and its contextualization within the necropolis.

Research we are doing in the necropolis of los Algarbes (Tarifa, Cadiz), is providing us with an accurate understanding of the typology of construction systems, the rituals used,... In this line, one of the funerary structures in the necropolis most significant for its constructive characteristics corresponds to Structure1-2, related to a “burial of mixed construction”, that is reminiscent of dolmenic constructions. However, in this case, the corridor is excavated in the rock and the cover consists of orthostats. As a result of our recent research, we make a more precise description of the system of construction used in the 1-2 Structure, the origin of the raw materials and its contextualization within the necropolis.

Resumen:
Las investigaciones que estamos desarrollando sobre la necr
ópolis de Los Algarbes (Tarifa, Cádiz),
nos están proporcionando un conocimiento preciso sobre la t
ipología de los sistemas constructivos, los rituales
empleados,... En esta línea, una de las estructuras fu
nerarias más significativas de la necrópolis por sus car
acte-
rísticas constructivas se corresponde con la Estructura
1-2, relacionada con una “sepultura de construcción
mixta”, que bien recuerdan a las construcciones dolménic
as. Pero que en este caso, el corredor está excavado en
la roca y la cubierta está formada por ortostatos. A
raíz de nuestras recientes investigaciones, realizamos
una
descripción más precisa sobre el sistema constructivo em
pleado en la Estructura 1-2, la procedencia de las
materias primas empleadas y su contextualización dentro
de la necrópolis.
Palabras Clave:
Necrópolis - cuevas artificiales - prehistoria - época
del Bronce - estrecho de Gibraltar.
Abstract:
Research we are doing in the necropolis of los Algarbes
(Tarifa, Cadiz), is providing us with an accurate
understanding of the typology of construction systems, the
rituals used,... In this line, one of the funerary
structures in the necropolis most significant for its c
onstructive characteristics corresponds to Structure1-2
,
related to a “burial of mixed construction”, that is rem
iniscent of dolmenic constructions. However, in this
case,
the corridor is excavated in the rock and the cover consi
sts of orthostats. As a result of our recent research
, we
make a more precise description of the system of constr
uction used in the 1-2 Structure, the origin of the raw
materials and its contextualization within the necropo
lis.
Key words:
Necropolis - artificial cave - prehistory - Bronze Ag
e - Strait of Gibraltar.