Aquaculture Development

Aquaculture is globally the fastest growing primary industry (>6% per annum). Smart-farming, using sentinel animals equipped with miniature biosensors alongside environmental sensors and farm management systems has the potential to revolutionize all sectors of the industry. Real-time animal and environmental monitoring together, will support improved farm management decisions, animal welfare, social awareness and consequently sustainable productivity. Biosensors that monitor the physiology and behavior of sentinel animals provide information on animal well-being and its responses to environmental change and management actions. In turn, this information is extrapolated to help with stock management decisions. This paper introduces the sentinel animal concept to commercial aquaculture with a case study using oysters fitted with biosensors that measure heart rate, and other parameters. We demonstrate how sentinel animals can be effectively integrated alongside environmental sensors ...

Aquaculture is an important industry in Zambia which is contributing to economic development, food security and employment in the country. Significant increase in aquaculture production has been recorded recently, although its full potential is still far from being realized. Because of this, efforts are being made by the Zambian government to make the industry a more viable venture to expand its production. As these efforts continue to make a positive impact, and aquaculture production continue to increase, diseases of aquatic animals are likely to emerge and threaten the sustainability of the industry. Here, we review the status and challenges associated with aquaculture health management practices in Zambia as well as proposed biosecurity measures farmers may adopt to minimize the likelihood of fish disease outbreaks. The paper has established that despite the country having been spared from aquaculture diseases so far, there is lack of appropriate measures to prevent and control ...

Organic aquaculture, whose start of worldwide implementation dates back to 1994, has been implemented in Turkey since 2010. As organic aquaculture represents new practice area and sufficient promotional efforts and governmental support is not available, satisfactory levels have not been achieved yet in this sector having annual figure of 456 tons according to 2012 data. While organic aquaculture constitutes 0.01% of total cultivation in the world, this figure remains at 0.003% levels in Turkey. Turkey has the potential to convert above disadvantage in its favor thanks to its efficient water resources and solid position in aquaculture. In the scope of this study, aquaculture figures in Turkey are explained and expectations regarding organic aquaculture are referred.

The growth of the global aquaculture industry has been sporadic over the last 50 years, and the global production capabilities of culture and capture fisheries are almost comparable [1]. In Africa, fish culture has grown tremendously due to advances in feed formulation, and the use of better culture facilities such as cages [2]. Even as Asia has become elephantine in aquaculture, Africa as a continent is yet to report any important additions of aquaculture on the world ordered series even though there are many available natural resources in many regions of the continent [3]. Aquaculture continues to grow more rapidly than all other animal producing sectors. According to FAO [4], developing countries‟ contribution by weight increased from 73% in 1979 to 90% in 1998. However, this dramatic increase in production is skewed on a regional basis in favour of Asia. For example, in 1998, aquaculture productions by weight according to the region were as follows: Europe, about 5%; South Ameri...

The application of science and technology developments in aquaculture is very crucial for the sustainable development of the industry. This paper provides an overview of the current developments in science and technology used in Zambia’s aquaculture industry. Various developments particularly in aquacultural species and culture models, aquaculture production systems, fish feeds and nutrition, water environmental management, and fish health and disease management have been discussed. While some breakthroughs in science and technology have been presented, the review has indicated that the country’s aquaculture industry is still lagging behind in some critical areas as the majority of producers are still using traditional technologies which have made it difficult for them to make significant contributions to fish production. As a result of this lag and other reasons, the country has witnessed an unprecedented importation of fish to meet the deficit and the ever-increasing demand. There...

Compared with other countries, the Brazilian shrimp aquaculture had a moderate development occupying an area of less than 20,000 hectares. Despite the importance of shrimp farming in rural economy developing, many critics unproven technical and/or scientific have been made due to possible environmental and social impacts of this industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the technical, social and environmental aspects of shrimp farming in the Coreau river estuary, Ceara, Brazil. The focus was on the operating characteristics of shrimp farms. Results indicate that no shrimp farm was constructed on mangrove areas and no significant environmental impacts regarding water pollution were detected. However, it is interesting to identify technologically and economically feasible options for to resolve or mitigate the negative environmental impact of a future expansion of shrimp farms in this region.