Adidas V Nike

Adidas and Nike currently control 74% of the global football market, a prime example of duopoly. Their share is predicted to increase; consequently, it is crucially important for consumers to assess whether such a duopolistic setting is beneficial for them. In particular, London hosts the greatest number of footballers in the UK, and is a key playing field for the two firms. Thus, this essay investigates: ‘to what extent is a duopoly in the football industry in London beneficial to consumers?’

Firstly, the paper assesses how price in duopoly would change if we transitioned from duopoly, to monopolistic competition. The aim was to assess consumers’ monetary welfare. Secondly, it explores how the market structure influences quality. It uses research from world leading economists to argue that a duopolistic market leads to the highest R&D industry-wide. Thirdly, it analyses a 203-responses survey, which was conducted at football clubs in London to understand how much customers were willing to spend for a given level of R&D. The aim was to see whether a duopoly would have been consistent with their desired combination of price and quality. That way, we could judge whether deviating from duopoly would have benefited them. This analysis was complemented by an interview with a high-profile executive at Adidas.

The investigation finds that monopolistic competition would be more beneficial than duopoly in terms of price, as these would fall with more competition. However, it also reveals that duopoly is more beneficial than any other type of market structure in terms of quality, because of the higher amount of R&D. The analysis of consumer preferences ultimately proves that customers find the duopoly to be the most beneficial type of market structure in the football industry in London.

If sport is a universal language, advertising surrounding the FIFA World Cup in the twenty-first century speaks volumes. Through careful expression of social and sport values these narratives reflect gender hierarchies, international sporting histories, and football custom. Themes of individual exhibition and personal choice contrast with sporting tradition; these advertising concepts leap off the pages and screen, enamoring and educating audiences.

As a structured series of values represented in story form, narratives of sport are rooted in shared meanings. Advertising narratives revolving around football from 2002 through 2007 are vital to the commodification and distribution of the sport. Through patterned presentations these narrative sets reveal values that allow the audience to quickly evaluate unfamiliar teams and players.

This study explores adidas and Nike advertising campaigns for the 2002 and 2006 FIFA World Cups, as well as the 2003 and 2007 FIFA Women’s World Cups, in order to derive subcultural values of passion, choice, skill, and individuality. These campaigns feature contrasting themes of inclusion and modernity, as well as universality. The values that string the narratives together reflect hybridity and, an increasingly accessible, ‘imagined’ global football culture.

Adidas  is  a  high  quality  athletic apparel  and  footwear company  targeting  worldwide athletes along with everyday consumers. Recently, industry competition has become increasingly  intense,  with  Adidas  going  head to head  with  top  rivals  Nike  and Under Armour.  Competitors  of  Adidas  have  produced  a  higher  level  of  brand  loyalty because they have better connections with their consumers. Buyers want a brand that links  them  to their  favorite  athletes  and  allow  consumers  to  believe  they  can  be  like those athletes. In order for Adidas to reach their promotional objectives, they need to continue  dominating  the  soccer  industry.  They  need  to  create  more  of  a  personal connection with consumers, specifically millennial by  avoiding the  broad market of the athletic industry and narrowing their focus on specific markets.

Runners presenta el trabajo que Nemesia Hijós llevó adelante en el marco de la Maestría en Antropología Social del IDES/IDAES-UNSAM, y que culminó en la presentación de la tesis con la que obtuvo el grado de Magíster. Adentrarnos en su etnografía es ingresar, junto con la antropóloga-runner, a un mundo en el que las emociones, los cuerpos, la vida cotidiana, la salud, la amistad y los proyectos subjetivos conviven con un capitalismo “alegre y amable” que todo lo vuelve mercancía. Es también conocer a personas que comienzan a correr con otras en un running team de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, auspiciado por una de las marcas de calzado e indumentaria deportiva más importantes del mundo. Es, por último, recorrer de la mano de las y los runners, la tensión entre una estructura que exige a los individuos rendir al máximo, nunca detenerse y solo hacerlo, y unos individuos que al negociar con esa estructura experimentan transformaciones subjetivas que, desde su perspectiva, los vuelven mejores personas.

Tal como sostiene Julia Hang en su prólogo, el libro de Nemesia llega en un momento de gran notoriedad del running en la escena pública. Runners es, por lo tanto, un aporte fundamental para comprender un fenómeno socialmente relevante, desde el punto de vista de quienes son parte del mismo.

The company that I am going to develop a social responsibility strategy is the Nike Company that was formed in 1962by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight as a result of collaboration of the two to come up with the most sufficient athletic shoes after the dominance of German and cheap Japanese athletic shoes in the American market  (Almaney, 2000). The company has gained increased sales since it was formed and thus making it a global giant in the manufacturing and sale of sports equipment utilities. The company has faced a number of challenges in its daily administration in the market as a result of stiff competition, imitation, environmental pollution and lack of raw materials.

The study of the quality of services results arises from the difference between the services provided and quality services. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of service quality from the customer perspective in Iranian foreign sports brands based on Saruman. The research method is correlation and it was practical purpose. The population of this research is international sports brands to customers that their number was not specified and researcher on the basis of samples available for each of 60 brands selected a total sample of 320 people. Instrument, the questionnaire was Saruman service quality dimensions that internal reliability of the study.
Statistical methods included descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (KS, Pearson, Friedman ranking and stepwise regression). The results showed that: there is a significant relationship between five dimensions of quality of services provided. Minimum and maximum gap of five foreign sports brands (Adidas, Puma, Nike, Reebok and Fila) was obtained. The customer service was ranked first, component reliability indicated the rating results in optimal service quality, and empathy was ranked first. Finally, the two operating reliability and guaranteed in international sports brands have been able to have the highest estimated and the nature of the other three is a non-issue.

En este capítulo analizo las representaciones que se construyen a partir de la experiencia del running, entendido como una práctica deportiva fuertemente atravesada por lógicas económicas y normativas de género, que son expandidas globalmente a través del marketing experiencial y apropiadas singular y localmente por sus protagonistas. A partir de mis notas de campo, de mis vivencias como corredora y del análisis de una serie de videos, publicidades e imágenes que circulan en las redes sociales, me pregunto por los modos en los que esta actividad es representada o autorrepresentada como modelo/ejemplo del nuevo ideal de mujer moderna, entendiendo al cuerpo como un elemento central en la construcción de la identidad individual y de la estética runner.

La presente investigación pretende dilucidar cuál es el peso que ostentan las grandes marcas de ropa deportiva en cuanto a patrocinios dentro del futbol profesional europeo de élite. Se determinará además si Adidas y Nike tienen un protagonismo parejo en cuanto a su capacidad de activación de patrocinios dentro de este sector, clave en su batalla global por ser líderes del mercado en el que compiten. Para obtener información relevante al respecto se pone en marcha una primera etapa destina a construir un marco teórico a través del uso de la revisión bibliográfica y documental. La segunda etapa desarrolla una investigación ‘ad hoc’ que utiliza el análisis de contenido para registrar a los principales agentes del sector del futbol europeo de élite, y cuáles son sus patrocinadores oficiales de ropa deportiva. Los resultados obtenidos indican que Adidas y Nike dominan claramente la activación de este tipo de patrocinios. Nike es la marca hegemónica sobre la activación de patrocinios individuales de futbolistas, mientras que en los patrocinios colectivos de clubes y federaciones destaca discretamente Adidas. Se puede concluir que no existe un peso exactamente equilibrado entre los logros de activación de patrocinios conseguidos por ambas marcas.

The technology based self service banking (TBSSB) refers to automated banking services that customer avail without interaction with bank employees. This paper investigates the relationship between dimensions of TBSSB service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty. The paper also examines the mediating role of customer satisfaction in the relationship. The dimensions are identified and confirmed by conducting EFA and CFA respectively using SPSS 16.0 and AMOS 20.0. Dimensions of TBSSB SQ are identified as Convenience, Reliability & Security, Responsiveness and Personalization. AMOS 20.0 is used to investigate the relationship between dimensions using SEM. It is found that Convenience and personalization have significant effect on customer satisfaction, and personalization and customer satisfaction have significant effect on loyalty. Customer satisfaction is also confirmed as a mediating factor. This study may help bank managers to investigate the customers' quality perceptions...

For some time now women have been playing a more and more important role in the marketing campaigns of sportswear brands. The industry wants to understand their deepest fears and desires, because that's the most obvious way to create sales. From a business perspective this totally makes sense. The strategy of Femvertising rests on the idea that advertising can empower women and reduce traditional gender stereotypes, while selling products at the same time. Consumers are invited to champion values and principles together with a brand.

The author analyses the discourse around the ILO's decent work agenda with reference to labour-related campaigns and trade union struggles in Indonesia. His theoretical approach is based on the semiotic materialism developed by Ngai-Ling Sum and Bob Jessop, and more specifically on their concept of " economic imaginaries ". Since almost half of the book is devoted to the theoretical framework, I will first address theoretical issues, and then move on to Hauf's case study. The cultural political economy (CPE) of Sum and Jessop aims to integrate semiotic and discursive aspects of reality into a material-structuralist account without collapsing into a radical constructivism assuming that there is no outside of discursive processes. Economic imaginaries such as the semiotic aspects of accumulation projects are seen as necessary precursors of successful accumulation and, if the accumulation projects take off, as their political justification. There are two aspects to this approach to CPE that seem problematic. First, ideology is replaced with semiosis in the account of Sum and Jessop, and this is not explicitly addressed by Hauf. This substitution of terms creates conceptual problems that remain unaccounted for: Whereas the concept of ideology, particularly in an Althusserian vein, shows how acts of signification are integrated into practices of apparatuses, semiosis once again separates language and meaning from the so-called objective and institutional realm. Compared with an Althusserian conception of ideology, the CPE of Sum and Jessop seems to be a more descriptive-analytical approach – even if they concede that " the 'imaginary' refers not only to semiosis but also to its structural supports " (cited in Hauf, p. 60). It is striking that Hauf's definition of economic imaginaries resembles Louis Althusser's concept of ideology: Lived experience of the real is shaped by an imaginary relation to it that reduces complexity and makes it calculable. The two moments of complexity reduction translate 'the actually existing economy' (the chaotic sum of all activities) into an 'imagined economy' " (p. 38). Hence, the question is whether or not Althusser's emphasis on the material character of ideology actually represents a more radical rupture with the dualism of 'structure' and 'ideas', highlighting the materiality and structuredness of language and signification, and thus the material existence of ideology in institutional apparatuses. While the first problem may be due more to the overall approach of Sum and Jessop, the second stems at least in part from Hauf's interpretation of their approach. According to him, CPE

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This article argues that, in addition to other more easily recognizable meanings, U.S. brands and goods (e.g U.S. flag-patterned clothing, Nike, Hilfiger, etc) in post-Soviet Cuba are particularly valued as markers of a privileged position in a remittance economy oriented towards Miami.  The meanings of fashions, of course, change over time and have histories, which are here analyzed in relation to the Cuban vernacular term "La Yuma."