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This file contains a table that compares five course rubrics that are available to help guide course design. The goal was to identify what the common categories were across these rubrics as well as to document some of the details contained in these rubrics for these common categories. We can see that each rubric can have a somewhat different area(s) of foci so considering these collectively is very informative.
Today, while governments mostly focus on indicators such as productivity, cost effectiveness, social satisfaction, and accountability as quality indicators, higher education institutions take into account fundamental indicators such as student output, learning and teaching processes, student and staff support, assessment, evaluation, and resources. These fundamental indicators can be varied institutional-based, program-based or course-based. In the context of higher education, quality assurance of distance education actually requires different quality indicators and different regulations from traditional higher education. On the other hand, quality assurance in distance education is more debated than traditional education. Currently, people do not trust the quality of distance education. Therefore, initiatives to increase the quality of distance education may be increased the assurance in distance education. The aim of this study is to examine the studies which provide criteria to evaluate online courses for creating or improving quality standards in online environments in the context of higher education and also to make a descriptive analysis by presenting differences and similarities between the course quality measures of these studies. This study is expected to guide the online course developers, faculty, and administration of higher education institutions to improve or to redefine the quality of their proposed online courses. INTRODUCTION Quality assurance is designed to improve and prove the quality of methods, educational products and outputs in an organization. A quality assurance system includes standards to be awarded and documented procedures for all defined processes, as well as defined ways to respond to a number of problems, and significant accountability for outputs (Kirkpatrick, 2005). Quality assurance in online distance learning requires different quality indicators from traditional education, as well as evaluations in different settings, and also readiness for e-learning (Stella, Gnanam, 2004; Latchem, 2014). Different views on quality assurance in open and distance learning are pioneers to the development of pedagogical paradigms in open and distance learning. These different views are summarized as follows (Latchem and Jung, 2012: 13-14): (1) distance education and face-to-face education should be assessed with the same criteria and methods, (2) the quality assurance criteria and mechanisms used in traditional education cannot be applied to open and distance learning, since aims, institutional structure, registration, procedures are different, (3) certain guidelines and standards are required for e-learning, (4) the basic principles of learning and teaching do not change at open and distance learning apart from technology, (5) quality assurance in open and distance learning must be compulsory, accountable and managed externally, (6) quality assurance in open and distance learning must be optional, runs internally and should be developed a culture of institutional quality, (7) it is the duty of the providers of open and distance learning to prove that the processes and outputs of open and distance learning are at least as good as traditional institutions, (8) traditional learning and teaching methods are old fashioned, more learning-centered, so structural and connectivist methods should be applied and then the most appropriate one must be selected from practical, face-to-face or technologically enhanced learning methods. In the light of these discussions, we can say that there is a consensus on the idea that " online courses require additional attention to detail " .
Zayed University has been a learning outcomes-based institution nearly since its inception in 1998, and over the past few years has gained international accreditations from MSCHE, ABET, AACSB, and NCATE. As a best practice within both the learning outcomes assessment movement and promoted by many accreditors, the use of rubrics to assess student learning has become a common practice at the institution. This best practice case study describes the developmental phases of a project to embed rubrics into an existing Learning Management System (LMS) in order to facilitate program level assessment of student learning. Because of the large number of paper-based rubrics which were being utilized, one college struggled to transpose and analyze rubric data in an error-free and efficient manner. By embedding the rubrics directly into courses within the LMS, and creating a program-level reporting system, the college has been able to simplify the analysis and aggregation of data to the point where assessment results are available consistently, reliably, and with little burden on faculty. This case explains how with minor modifications in practice and technology, major benefits for program level learning outcomes assessment can emerge. Recommendations for other institutions through lessons learned will also be provided.
Project-based Learning in the online classroom provides students an avenue to apply what they learn in the classroom to the real world through inquiry, decision making, and collaboration. Tony Wagner (2008), a Harvard-based education expert and author of, The Global Achievement Gap, “There are three basic skills that students need if they want to thrive in a knowledge economy: the ability to do critical thinking and problem-solving, the ability to communicate effectively, and the ability to collaborate.” Online students will be more engaged in a Project-based online class, while also being given the necessary skills and experience to carry their knowledge over into the real world.
The following feedback form is intended to aid in the assessment and improvement of courses in relation to current evidence-based educational literature. Overall, the general assertion is that the higher a course scores in each of the guidelines, the greater the likelihood of improved student learning and development. As a result, one of the tendencies is to expect that the highest level be attained for each and every guideline. However, this may not always be appropriate. For example, different disciplines and content/skill areas may be more strongly aligned with some guidelines than others. In addition, the investment of time and energy needed to modify a course so that it moves to a higher level of development (e.g., from Level 2 to Level 3) for a specific guideline may not always be warranted, especially if the majority of students in that course are already performing at proficient levels. In other words, the goal of these guidelines is not necessarily to achieve the maximum level of development for every guideline but rather to use them to help one to better discern which modifications will most likely result in the most improvement in student learning and development. These feedback forms may be used for self-or peer-assessment purposes. In the pages that follow, one may find: 1) the Feedback Table where a course's current level may be noted, 2) guidance on what to look for on each guideline and their associated levels, and 3) beginning citations to support each guideline. These forms are intended to be a working document and each section should support one in their application of these forms. Overview 1) *The course utilizes varied assessments (e.g., formative and summative, formal and informal) to establish learners' levels of proficiencies in relation to the stated course objectives as well as to guide the course's development 2) *Feedback to learners is: a) positive, b) related to specific objectives and criteria, c) provides suggestions for how learners can continue to progress, and d) are conducted in a " timely " manner, providing learners with feedback that can be implemented in subsequent activities 3) Assessments are utilized in accordance with evidence-based recommendations and, whenever possible, their reliability and validity is established 4) When appropriate, self-and peer-assessments and reflections are utilized that are intended to lead to revisions and improvement *-Guideline is considered to be a " Core Guideline " based on the number of evidence-based resources that highlight this guideline as being important.
This session will use three activities/discussions to help you learn to evaluate and increase instructor and student presence in online courses.
The recognition of practice in online instruction is still subject to interpretation and different approaches as a result of the rapid changes in technology and its effect on society. This paper reviews different examples of rubrics and instruments in higher education to propose a more comprehensive rubric that constitute a synthesis of how some institutions in HE approach best practice in this field. As such, the proposed comprehensive rubric is intended to support the development, remixing, sharing, and integration of online modules and courses by providing a single reference point with as wide a range as possible of potential pedagogical tools, facilities and approaches to e-learning.
This paper introduces the reader to the value of using a rubric system to assess the learning of construction management students. One of the most important questions confronting new educators is, what is the best way an instructor can enhance students' learning while also improving course curriculum and the instructor's teaching skills? While the efforts students expend vary widely from student to student, the grading criteria an instructor chooses will focus on the course plans, deliverables, and the instructor's expectations for student performance. Developing a formal rubric system that specifies instructors' expectations of student performance, as well as what they expect students to take away from a particular event, provides a clear and objective way to evaluate students' efforts. The approach described within uses proven pedagogical methods and tools to develop a series of standardized rubric assessment measures appropriate for use in senior-level constru...
The transition from face to face le arning to the delivery of instru ction through re -usable online learning objects has been shown by Salas and Ellis (2006) to be not only effective but have bene- fits to students, instructors, and administrato rs. Course websites are learning objects that when used in conjunction with sound pedagogy, learni ng outcomes, and content can support traditional, authentic, and alternative learning and assessmen t protocols (Bennett, 2002). The adoption of standards and guidelines for the design and evaluatio n of learning objects is an important means of quality assurance (Friesen, 2005; Krauss & Ally , 2005; Valarmis & Apostolakis, 2006) that supports the communication of meaningful feedb ack to instructional designers for product im- provement (Krauss & Ally, 2005). In order to ensure that learning objects that support fully online instruction are well developed, a set of st andards has been developed by the Office of In- structional Technology at the University of Ma ryland Eastern Shore that are supported by an evaluation rubric. The goal of this paper is to encourage the establishment of guidelines and a method for evaluating e-learning quality by providi ng a model that can be adapted and adopted by interested institutions.
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