A rapprochement between the advertising community and the Jungians

The Journal of Consumer Research, 1996

… , escapology and the illusion of the end, 1998

Communication Quarterly, 2014

American Journal of Nephrology, 2006

Journal of Science, Humanities and Arts - JOSHA, 2018

I+D Revista de Investigaciones

Given that a systematic treatment of Persian Discourse Markers (hereafter DMs) is almost absent in modern Persian linguistics and to bridge this gap, the audio-recorded data comprising 14 face to face casual conversations involving two-party and multi-party interactions among family members, acquaintances and close friends are used to shed light on these ‘frequently used’ but ‘frequently unnoticed’ linguistic elements. To document a list of the most common DMs typically used in Tehrani dialect of Persian language and to have a detailed description of their discoursal functions in talk, Brinton’s (1996) binary classification of DMs functions (textual and interpersonal) was developed to provide an empirically-supported account of the functions and position of Persian DMs in interaction among Tehrani speakers. The present account of DMs which is basically ‘analytical description’ provides the reader with the knowledge about how Persian DMs operate in actual usage. The findings are built upon a 3105-word corpus including 14 audio-recorded conversations among 50 participants. Altogether 34 tokens of Persian DMs with an overall 254 occurrences were identified among which na/na baba (no/no daddy) with the total of 33 (12.84%) occurrences were the most frequently used Persian DM in the data which are followed by dige (no English equivalent), aare/ba’ale (yep/yes), yani (I mean), vali (but), haalaa/ alaan (now), bebin/nega kon (look) and aslan (by no means/ never).To the author, research on the functions and distributional patterns of Persian DMs will broaden our knowledge of their discoursal behavior in language in general and contribute to the already growing cross-linguistic body of work on DMs.

URPOSE THIS study contributes to the literature of return on investment in education and help policymakers while allocating the budget to education sector since education level causes significant increment in earnings in the context of Nepal. Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper has applied a Semi-log multivariate regression model using data from Nepal Labor Force Survey to provide empirical evidence in the entire analysis on this issue. Not just academic qualifications, but also there are several other factors which cause increase in income. We explore this fact to identify the impact of experience, age, training, gender, and other variables in their earnings. Findings: The empirical evidence of this study has shown a direct relationship between the education and earnings and we estimated that an increase in education of people by 1 level causes 16.64% increment in their wages on an average. Apart from the academic qualification, their experiences in the similar field have statistically significant relationship (i.e., one level increase in experience causes 11.57% increase in monthly earnings). The training dummy is found to be statistically insignificant to cause increment in earnings which is also an interesting finding of the study. Research Limitations/Implications: Due to having the low R-squared value after introducing dummies, we can suggest that there may be other quantitative and qualitative factors like ability of the individual and the contextual fact that may cause the increment in earnings, which can be the future scope of this study. Practical Implications: Two major implications of this empirical study are: firstly, this will help policymakers while allocating the budget in education sector and secondly, encourage people towards higher education. Originality/Value: This is an original research and also examines the discrepancies in earning caused by gender, marital status, and area of living and work.