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High blood pressure is a major public health concerns globally. This study determined the mean blood pressure, prevalence of high blood pressure, gender difference in blood pressure and relationship between blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) among Nigerian young adults. A cross sectional study was conducted among the students of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Seven hundred and two (702) students (412males and 290females) with age range between 18-40years participated in the study. Weight, height and blood pressure (BP) were measured using standard methods. BMI and blood pressure were classified using WHO and JNC VII classifications respectively. Data was analysed using SPSS version 17.0 software. The student t-test was used to determine the significant difference. A p value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. The mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and BMI were 119.24±11.89mmHg, 71.79±9.15mmHg and 21.89kg/m2 respectively. The prevalence of high blood pressure, overweight and obesity were 8.4%, 14.8% and 1.3% respectively. The prevalence of high blood pressure among males and females were 5.3% and 3.1% respectively with significant sex difference (χ2 = 43.56, p value < 0.001). In conclusion, the prevalence of high blood pressure was higher in male than female young adult. Periodic blood pressure screening for young adult population in our environment will play a significant role in early detection and management of hypertensive heart diseases.
Background: There are evidences to suggest that the World Health Organization (WHO) general cutoff points for body mass index (BMI) may not be the most appropriate for young adults globally irrespective of racial and ethnic considerations. Objective: This study assessed body anthropometric parameters in healthy population of young adult Nigerians with a view to determining race and gender-specific criteria (Ife criteria) for BMI classification. Methods: Four hundred and eighty-four (242 males and 242 females) healthy subjects aged between 18 and 41 years (inclusive) were recruited for the study. The participants were age-and sex-matched (mean age: 22.81 ± 3.83 years). The weight and height of the subjects were obtained using standard techniques while BMI was calculated as derivatives of height and weight. The BMI was classified using 5 th , 85 th , and 95 th percentiles and delineated into underweight (<5 th percentile), normal (5–85 th percentile), overweight (85–95 th percentile), and obese (>95 th percentile). Results: The result showed that the general BMI cutoff values for underweight, normal, overweight, and obesity were <17.8, 17.8–24.7, 24.8–27.8, and ≥27.9, respectively. The sex-specific BMI cutoff values for underweight, normal, overweight, and obesity in males and females were < 17.8 and < 17.8; 17.8–23.6 and 17.8–25.6; 23.7–26.8 and 25.7–28.7; and ≥26.9 and ≥28.8, respectively. Conclusions: The cutoff values for the new criteria for BMI classification were lower than the WHO defined values and sex differences were demonstrated in BMI. Therefore, WHO criteria may not be universally applicable. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION
Body mass index (BMI) is an important cardiometabolic parameter. This study determined the mean BMI, pattern and prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity among young adult Nigerians. It also examined the effect of sex on pattern of distribution of BMI classes. This was cross-sectional study conducted among students of a tertiary institution. Seven hundred and two (702) students (412 males and 290 females) with age range between 18-40years participated in the study. The participants had their weights and heights recorded by standardized techniques and BMI was calculated from the weight and height. BMI was classified according to WHO reference values. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17 software. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The mean BMI was 21.89±3.07 (kg/m 2). Age was positively correlated with BMI(r = 0.298, p <0.001).Significant sex differences in anthropometry were demonstrated in terms of height (t=17.880, p <0.001), weight (t =7.595, p<0.001), BMI (t =-2.483, p =0.013) and BSA (t=12.716, p <0.001). There was a significant sex difference in BMI classes recorded in this study (χ 2 = 12.255, p = 0.007).The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the total participants were 14.8% and 1.3% respectively. Among the males, the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 9.2%, 11.2% and 1.2% respectively while among the females, the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 11.0%, 20.0% and 1.4% respectively. More than a quarter of the apparently healthy young adults had abnormal BMI. The study also showed that abnormal BMI (underweight, overweight and obesity) were more frequent in female than male young adult Nigerians. Health education focusing on weight adjustment measures including exercise and dietary strategies will be beneficial among young adult population.
… journal of general …
Relationship of anthropometric indicators with blood pressure levels and the risk of hypertension in Nigerian adults2008 •
Background and purpose:Studies on cardiovascular risks in relation to anthropometric factors are limited in Sub-Sahara Africa. The aims of this study were to examine the relationship between anthropometric parameters and blood pressure; and to evaluate body mass index (BMI) across the range of underweight and obesity as a primary risk factor of hypertension in adult Nigerians.Material and methods:2097 adults aged between 20 and 100 years consented and participated in this door-to-door survey. All participants underwent blood pressure and anthropometric measurements using standard procedures. The population study was separated in normotensive and hypertensive males and females and the possible risk for hypertension were categorized into different classes of value based on BMI definition.Results:The relative risks (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]) of developing hypertension among the obese compared with the underweight, normal weight, and overweight persons were (OR 5.75; CI 5.67–5.83), (OR 1.73; CI 1.65–1.81), and (OR 1.54; CI 1.46–1.62) for all the participants, respectively. Among obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 Kg/m2) males, the OR for hypertension was three times (OR 2.78; CI 2.76–2.80) that of normal weight (BMI ≥ 18.5–24.9 Kg/m2) males. Females with obesity had a risk of hypertension three times (OR 3.34; CI 3.33–3.35) that of normal weight females.Conclusion:Our results indicated that the there was a significant positive correlation of obesity indicator with blood pressure. In Nigeria, we found a strong gradient between higher BMI and increased risk of hypertension among all ages. Approaches to reduce the risk of hypertension may include prevention of overweight and obesity.
Nigerian journal of clinical practice
Burden of obesity in essential hypertension: Pattern and prevalenceObjective: Globally, studies have shown that the trend of overweight and obesity has increased astronomically and there is a close link between body mass index and blood pressure. This study determined the link between the body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and health promoting practices of women in rural and suburban communities. Methods: Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 394 women from three rural/semi-urban communities purposively selected from Osun State for this cross sectional study. Interviewer's administered questionnaire was used to collect data such as socio-demographic data, blood pressure, anthropometric indices and health promoting lifestyle practices of the respondent. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 17 software and level of statistical significance was set at p < 0, 05. Result: The mean age of the respondents was 40.28±16.03 years and majority earned average monthly 2 income of between N1000-5000 ($5-25). The mean BMI was 28.04±5.449 kg/m and about 20% 0f respondent were obese The mean systolic blood pressure was 114.14±17.835 mmHg while diastolic blood pressure was 71.04±12.99 mmHg and about 10% of respondents had hypertension. There was positive and significant relationship between BMI and blood pressure (r = 0.15, p=0.00). The study demonstrated no significant relationship between the health promoting lifestyle practices of the respondents BMI and blood pressure. Conclusion: The significant relationship between BMI and hypertension validate the need for health promoting lifestyle intervention programme for rural women and similar population in order to control the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Rapport entre tension artérielle, indice de masse corporelle et style de vie favorable a la sante chez des femmes au sein de communautés choisies de l'état d'Osun, Nigeria.
Journal of Hypertension
Hypertension and overweight/obesity in Ghanaians and Nigerians living in West Africa and industrialized countries2014 •
American Journal of Health Research
An Assessment of Knowledge of Nigerian Female Undergraduates on Obesity as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Women2014 •
Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between anthropometric parameters and dental caries among young adults in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. Methodology: Ninety-two university students aged 18-35 years were recruited for the study. The participants were classified into two groups (cases and control) which were age-and sex-matched. The cases were 46 students with dental caries while the control were 46 students without dental Original Research Article Adejumo et al.; JAMPS, 17(2): 1-6, 2018; Article no.JAMPS.42186 2 caries. The weight and height of the participants were measured using standard health scale and were utilized for the estimation of the Body Surface Area (BSA) and Body Mass Index (BMI). Dental caries status was assessed using Decay Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. A dietary chart was utilized to assess the dietary patterns of the participants. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean values of BSA (m 2) in cases and controls were 1.67±0.17 and 1.66 ± 0.16 (t = .37; P= .71) while the mean values of BMI (kg/m 2) for cases and controls were 22.56 ± 3.84 and 22.35 ± 3.34 kg/m 2 (t = 0.29; P= .78). There was a significant association between BMI classes and caries status (x 2 = 10.00; P = .01). More participants with caries were overweight. Caries was significantly linked with high caries diet (x 2 = 53.49; P = .001). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study established that there was a significant association between body mass index classes and caries status. Overweight and high caries diet contributed significantly to caries formation.
American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Mean Values, Normal Limits and Sex Differences of Anthropometry of Young Adults in a University Community in Nigeria2015 •
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal
Influence of Relative Adiposity on Static Back Extensor Muscle Endurance in Apparently Healthy Adults2008 •
Journal of Diabetes …
Lipid profile of type 2 diabetic patients at a rural tertiary hospital in Nigeria2010 •
South African Family Practice
Pattern of depression among patients in a Nigerian family practice population2008 •
Journal of immigrant and minority health / Center for Minority Public Health
The Afro-Cardiac Study: Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Acculturation in West African Immigrants in the United States: Rationale and Study DesignItalian Journal of Pediatrics
Hypertension and prehypertension among adolescents in secondary schools in Enugu, South East Nigeria2013 •
Texila International Journal of Public Health
Prevalence of Hypertension in relation to Overweight and Obesity among Non-teaching staff2019 •
Pharmacy World & Science
Relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and high blood pressure by community pharmacists in Spain2009 •
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
Obesity, overweight, and underweight among urban NigeriansInternational Archives of Medicine
Prevalence and determinants of obesity - a cross-sectional study of an adult Northern Nigerian population2011 •
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders
High Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity Increases the Risk of the Metabolic Syndrome in Nigerian Type 2 Diabetes Patients: Using the International Diabetes Federation Worldwide Definition2014 •
Acta Medica Saliniana
Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Variables in Hospital Staff in Iran2010 •
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
Prevalence of prehypertension and its relationship to risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Jamaica: Analysis from a cross-sectional survey2008 •
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal
Hypertension and obesity among paralytic poliomyelitis survivors in Nigeria2014 •
African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health
An assessment of weight and weight awareness of patients presenting for outpatient care in Cameroon2014 •
Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences
Prevalence of risk factors for chronic kidney disease among civil servants in Kano2012 •