Volume 12: A Holy People (2006)

A Holy People Jewish and Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity edited by Marcel Poorthuis & Joshua Schwartz BRILL LEIDEN • BOSTON 2006 This book is printed on acid-free paper. The Ingeborg Rennert Center for Jerusalem Studies Faculty of Jewish Studies Bar-Ilan University, Israel www.biu.ac.il/js/rennert/jcp Catholic Theological University of Utrecht The Netherlands www.ktu.nl Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A holy people : Jewish and Christian perspectives on religious communal identity / edited by Marcel Poorthuis & Joshua Schwartz. p. cm. — ( Jewish and Christian perspectives series, ISSN 1388-2074 ; v. 12) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 90-04-15052-8 (alk. paper) 1. Holiness—Judaism—History. 2. Holiness—Christianity—History of doctrines. 3. People of God. 4. Jews—Identity. 5. Church—Holiness. 6. Identity (Psychology)— Religious aspects—Judaism. 7. Identity (Psychology)—Religious aspects—Christianity. 8. Group identity. I. Poorthuis, Marcel, 1955– II. Schwartz, Joshua. III. Title. IV. Series. BM645.H58H65 2006 231.7’6—dc22 2006042537 ISSN 1388-2074 ISBN 90 04 15052 8 © Copyright 2006 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill Academic Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands CONTENTS List of Contributors .................................................................... Editorial Statement .................................................................... ix xi Introduction ................................................................................ xiii BIBLICAL PERIOD Pancratius Beentjes ‘Holy People’: The Biblical Evidence .................................. Araham Faust Trade, Ideology, and Boundary Maintenance in Iron Age Israelite Society ...................................................................... 3 17 POST-BIBLICAL PERIOD Joshua Schwartz A Holy People in the Winepress: Treading the Grapes and Holiness ............................................................................ 39 Lawrence Schiffman Holiness and Sanctity in the Dead Sea Scrolls .................. 53 Gerard Rouwhorst Table Community in Early Christianity .............................. 69 Huub an de Sandt Was the Didache Community a Group Within Judaism? An Assessment on the Basis of Its Eucharistic Prayers ...... 85 Jackie Feldman ‘A City that Makes All Israel Friends’: Normative Communitas and the Struggle for Religious Legitimacy in Pilgrimages to the Second Temple ...................................... 109 Moshe Benoitz Your Neighbor is Like Yourself: A Broad Generalization with Regard to the Torah .................................................... 127 vi contents MEDIEVAL PERIOD Bat-Shea Albert Recording the Sainthood of the Missionaries in the Carolingian Era: Typology and its Limits .......................... Daniela Müller The Cathar Community in the South of France and Its Religious Self-Definition as God’s Holy People .................. Yonne Friedman Community Responsibility toward Its Members: The Case of Ransom of Captives ................................................ Jeffrey Woolf ‘Qehillah Qedosha’: Sacred Community in Medieval Ashkenazic Law and Culture ................................................ Yair Paz Holy Inhabitants of a Holy City: How Safed Became One of the Four Holy Cities of Eretz Israel in the 16th Century .......................................................................... 149 185 199 217 237 MODERN PERIOD Erik Borgman The Ambivalent Role of the ‘People of God’ in Twentieth Century Catholic Theology: The Examples of Yves Congar and Edward Schillebeeckx .............................. Simon Schoon ‘Holy People’: Some Protestant Views ................................ Judith Frishman Who We Say We Are: Jewish Self-Definition in Two Modern Dutch Liberal Prayer Books .................................. Herwi Rikhof The Holiness of the Church ................................................ Yael Guter Pilgrims ‘Communitas’ in the Holy Land: The Case of Mormon Pilgrimage ................................................................ Victor Kal The Holy People among the Philosophers—a Grim Tale .......................................................................................... 263 279 307 321 337 349 contents vii Alexander Een-Chen On the Holiness of the People of Israel in the Thought of Abraham Joshua Heschel .................................................. 361 Index of Names and Subjects .................................................. 379 Index of Sources ........................................................................ 386