Papers by Romana Masnikosa
Book of Proceedings
Herein we present the potential of four machine learning (ML) algorithms: Partial Least Squares –... more Herein we present the potential of four machine learning (ML) algorithms: Partial Least Squares – Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Random Forests (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Decision Trees (DT) to classify human plasma samples into cancer or control group, using a lipidomic dataset retrieved from the research article „Lipidomic profiling of human serum enables detection of pancreatic cancer“ by Wolrab et al. [1]. Our main objective was to assess and compare, for the four ML techniques, the performance metrics, that is accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1 score and ROC-AUC, with those computed by Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures (OPLS)-DA in [1]. Our findings suggest that SVM and RF offer a superior performance as binary classifiers, making these two promising candidates for future use in the discovery of potential lipidomic biomarkers.
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Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Jul 4, 2023
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The role of cholesterol in development of heart disease is well documented. While plasma level of... more The role of cholesterol in development of heart disease is well documented. While plasma level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is directly related to cardiovascular events, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has a protective role. There are two major ways to control blood cholesterol concentration: (1) dietary intake, in terms of amount of cholesterol and other fats, and their fatty acid composition and (2) use of lipid-lowering drugs. This article reviews the major effects of cholesterol and cholesterol-lowering drugs on cardiovascular health.
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Cancers
Lipidome dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer and inflammation. The global plasma lipidome and s... more Lipidome dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer and inflammation. The global plasma lipidome and sub-lipidome of inflammatory pathways have not been reported in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In a pilot study of plasma lipid variation in female DLBCL patients and BMI-matched disease-free controls, we performed targeted lipidomics using LC-MRM to quantify lipid mediators of inflammation and immunity, and those known or hypothesised to be involved in cancer progression: sphingolipids, resolvin D1, arachidonic acid (AA)-derived oxylipins, such as hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, along with their membrane structural precursors. We report on the role of the eicosanoids in the separation of DLBCL from controls, along with lysophosphatidylinositol LPI 20:4, implying notable changes in lipid metabolic and/or signalling pathways, particularly pertaining to AA lipoxygenase pathway and glycerophospholipid remodelling in the cell membrane. We sugge...
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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2019
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Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 2019
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Leukemia Research, 2017
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Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2018
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Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 2016
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Placenta, 2016
Insulin receptor (IR) and type 1 and type 2 insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGF1R and IGF2R... more Insulin receptor (IR) and type 1 and type 2 insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGF1R and IGF2R) play important roles in regulation of placental and foetal growth. All three receptors are abundantly glycosylated. N-glycosylation significantly affects protein conformation and may alter its function. We have recently found that the N-glycome of placental membrane proteins alters during gestation. The aim of the study presented herein was to investigate whether there were gestation-related changes in N-glycan profiles of placental IR and IGFRs. Placentas from healthy women at first (FTP) and third trimester (TTP) of pregnancy were collected, membrane proteins isolated, solubilised and used as the source of IR and IGFRs. Reactivity of glycoforms of IR and IGFRs with lectins was monitored by measuring radioactivity of (125)I-ligands-receptors complexes. Significant differences in the binding pattern of all three receptors to the lectins were observed between FTP and TTP, which suggest gestational changes in N-glycans bound to receptors. These changes include decrease in total fucosylated, core-fucosylated biantennary N-glycan (NA2F) and α2,6-sialo-N-glycans (for IR); decrease in total fucosylated and α2,6-sialo-N-glycans and an increase in NA2F N-glycans (for IGF1R) and an increase in the total fucosylation and NA2F N-glycans (for IGF2R). The gestational alterations in N-glycans attached to IR and IGFRs may represent a mechanism by which these receptors acquire new/additional roles as gestation progresses.
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Free Radical Research, 2015
Placental insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGFRs) are essential fo... more Placental insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGFRs) are essential for fetal growth. We investigated structural changes of these receptors exposed to increased oxidative stress in mothers diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) or preeclampsia (PE) complicated with intrauterine growth restriction. Increased amount of IR and decreased amounts of IGF1R and IGF2R were found in both pathologies, accompanied by significant elevation in protein carbonyls. When isolated receptors were examined, increased carbonylation of IR and IGF1R in PE placentas was detected, whereas the amounts of carbonylated IR and IGF1R were similar in DM and healthy placentas. Carbonylation status of IGF2R did not change due to pathology, confirming the detrimental role of primary structure and conformation in oxidative susceptibility. Ligand binding was similar in all three groups of samples and did not seem to be affected by receptor oxidation. Since babies delivered by mothers with PE were smaller than the referent population, increased carbonylation of receptors might have affected downstream receptor signaling post-ligand binding.
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Biochemistry (Moscow), 2011
Placenta is a source of carbohydrate-binding proteins that function as molecular scavengers, but ... more Placenta is a source of carbohydrate-binding proteins that function as molecular scavengers, but they could also be involved in interactions that assist in metabolic control. Mannose/N-acetyl-glucosamine (Man/GlcNAc)-binding proteins from placenta were isolated and their reactivity towards placental insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors (IR and IGF-Rs) was analyzed. The lectins reduced the binding of insulin and IGF-I in a dose-dependent manner, while almost no effect was observed on the binding of IGF-II. The shape of the inhibition curves changed, suggesting altered binding specificity. The presence of sugar could not reverse completely the effect of the lectins, implicating both lectin-sugar and protein-protein conformational recognition. Since biological molecules in our experimental system were those that are in close relation in vivo, placental Man/GlcNAc-specific lectins may be regarded as potential allosteric modulators of ligand-receptor interactions in a system of homologous ligands, selectively affecting only binding to tyrosine kinase type receptors (IR and IGF-1R).
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Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 2020
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Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2019
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Dalton Transactions, 2018
The complex [Au(H2LtBu)Cl]Cl2(1) induced perturbations of the cell cycle and led to apoptosis in ... more The complex [Au(H2LtBu)Cl]Cl2(1) induced perturbations of the cell cycle and led to apoptosis in human melanoma A375 cells.
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Organometallics, 2018
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Materials Letters, 2015
ABSTRACT Nanostructured materials as substrates for surface-assisted laser desorption and ionizat... more ABSTRACT Nanostructured materials as substrates for surface-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry have two main advantages such as small number of signals in the low mass range and salt tolerance. We have also previously observed decreased extent of undesired fragmentation of bipyridine-containing transition metal complexes in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). In this work, we extended our previous study and tested whether both TiO2 NPs and TiO2 prolate nanospheroids (PNSs) can be used as substrates for SALDI-MS of bipyridine-containing transition metal complexes and whether they tolerate intense laser and the presence of inorganic salts. TiO2 NPs (an average diameter of 5 nm) and PNSs (length: 40–50 nm, the lateral dimension: 14–16 nm) were characterized microscopically and their mass spectra were analyzed, as well as the spectra of bipyridine-containing Pt(II) and Ru(III) complexes.
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Journal of Biochemistry, 2007
The ability of plant lectins to modify the interactions of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-... more The ability of plant lectins to modify the interactions of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptors (IGFRs) with their ligands was investigated. The lectins profoundly affected the competition-binding curves for (125)I-labelled IGF-I and insulin, causing an increase in the affinity of placental IGF1R and IR towards their ligands. This increment was of such a magnitude that it could affect the receptors' specificity towards these ligands. The lower the ligand concentration, the greater was the lectin-induced affinity shift, which suggests potential physiological significance of the effect. The affinity modulation occurred in a lectin-specific and dose-dependent manner. In contrast to IGF1R and IR, the binding of (125)I-labelled IGF-II to its receptors resisted lectin modulation. Here we provide evidence of the possibility of external modulation of the affinity of placental IGF1R and IR via interactions of the receptors' carbohydrate moieties with lectins. The existence of modulators that would selectively inhibit or enhance the binding of IGFs or insulin to their corresponding receptors may have important implications for placental cell responses to these molecules.
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Journal of Biochemistry, 2007
The ability of plant lectins to modify the interactions of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-... more The ability of plant lectins to modify the interactions of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptors (IGFRs) with their ligands was investigated. The lectins profoundly affected the competition-binding curves for (125)I-labelled IGF-I and insulin, causing an increase in the affinity of placental IGF1R and IR towards their ligands. This increment was of such a magnitude that it could affect the receptors' specificity towards these ligands. The lower the ligand concentration, the greater was the lectin-induced affinity shift, which suggests potential physiological significance of the effect. The affinity modulation occurred in a lectin-specific and dose-dependent manner. In contrast to IGF1R and IR, the binding of (125)I-labelled IGF-II to its receptors resisted lectin modulation. Here we provide evidence of the possibility of external modulation of the affinity of placental IGF1R and IR via interactions of the receptors' carbohydrate moieties with lectins. The existence of modulators that would selectively inhibit or enhance the binding of IGFs or insulin to their corresponding receptors may have important implications for placental cell responses to these molecules.
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Papers by Romana Masnikosa