- Laboratoire "Métallurgies et Cultures"
UMR 5060 - CNRS - IRAMAT
Université de Technologie Belfort Montbéliard
Site de Sévenans
90010 BELFORT Cedex - 03.84.58.38.11.
Marion Berranger
UTBM, Archéologie, Department Member
Research Interests: Archaeology and Slag
Research Interests:
Le bilan propose s'attache a etudier les changements perceptibles tout au long de l'âge du Fer en Gaule dans l’evolution des techniques de reduction et dans leur organisation a partir de l’etude des types de bas fourneaux utilises... more
Le bilan propose s'attache a etudier les changements perceptibles tout au long de l'âge du Fer en Gaule dans l’evolution des techniques de reduction et dans leur organisation a partir de l’etude des types de bas fourneaux utilises et des matieres premieres metalliques en circulation. La structuration de la production primaire (reduction) et son intensite sont egalement analyses, depuis l'unite de travail jusqu'a l'echelle regionale. Ces donnees seront confrontees aux modeles economiques et societaux proposes pour ces periodes, afin de tenter de mieux cerner les conditions de productions des produits ferreux.
Research Interests:
In Europe, several thousand ferrous semi-products attributed to the Iron Age (8th–1st c. BC) have been found. Recent advances in the field of archaeometry concerning the dating of iron objects, characterisation of materials and provenance... more
In Europe, several thousand ferrous semi-products attributed to the Iron Age (8th–1st c. BC) have been found. Recent advances in the field of archaeometry concerning the dating of iron objects, characterisation of materials and provenance studies have made it possible to address some important and hitherto unresolved questions. The results obtained from the study of an exceptional set of over 70 currency-bars found in north-eastern France shed new light on their chrono-cultural context, which is much older than previously thought. This interdisciplinary approach also made it possible to propose a new interpretation of the production, circulation and deposition conditions of these semi-products.
Research Interests:
avec les contributions de Sylvain Bauvais , Christine Best -Marmet, Stéphane Carrara, Alžběta Danielis ová, Yann Deberge , Hervé Delhoofs , Matthieu Demierre, David Dungworth, Anne Filippini , Jean-Loup Flouest , Peter Jud, Cécile Le... more
avec les contributions de Sylvain Bauvais , Christine Best -Marmet, Stéphane Carrara, Alžběta Danielis ová, Yann Deberge , Hervé Delhoofs , Matthieu Demierre, David Dungworth, Anne Filippini , Jean-Loup Flouest , Peter Jud, Cécile Le Carlier de Vesl ud, Elven Le Goff, Marc Leroy, Michel Mauvilly, Yves Menez, Lionel Orengo, Pascal Paris, Thomas Pertlwieser , Benoit Pescher, Mireille Ruffieux, Raphaëlle Soulignac , Christine Vermeulen , Stéphane Willerval , Nolwenn Zaour
Research Interests:
The open agglomeration of Levroux, considered to be an artisanal centre, is known for the dynamism of its production activities: animal husbandry, transformation of horn and animal bone, bronze and iron metallurgy… The iron metallurgical... more
The open agglomeration of Levroux, considered to be an artisanal centre, is known for the dynamism of its production activities: animal husbandry, transformation of horn and animal bone, bronze and iron metallurgy… The iron metallurgical material of Levroux, permits a better characterization of the organization and the character of these activities on this site. It has revealed that this agglomeration imports iron as a raw material, which is then refined on site with a view to the fabrication of both iron semi-products and objects. The identification of at least five different workshop sectors provides detailed information concerning the scale of the iron production, the kind of activities practised (refining/forge) and their nature (generalized/specialised), by sector. Finally, it allows us to apprehend the organisation of the activities within a diachronic sequence, their specialization, and the exchanges within the site and with the surrounding area.
Research Interests:
The aim of this article is to address the organisation and specialisation of bloomsmithing workshops at the end of the Iron Age. The comparison of several sites, studied archaeologically and archaeometrically, has allowed the... more
The aim of this article is to address the organisation and specialisation of bloomsmithing workshops at the end of the Iron Age. The comparison of several sites, studied archaeologically and archaeometrically, has allowed the identification of certain common elements in terms of the organisation of production. It appears that these sites are, repeatedly, agglomerations where reduction is absent and where the primary material arrives in the form of iron sponge or crude metal which is then refined in situ. All the workshops studied undertake the entirety of the post-reduction production process: bloomsmithing and forge. In each of the sites, certain workshops refined crude metal on a regular basis, whilst on others it remains anecdotal. These findings allow us to consider the circulation of the iron products and the organization of production within and from these artisanal centres, at the end of the Iron Age.
Research Interests: Metallurgy and CPSA
Research Interests:
Iron raw materials provide a privileged source of information for the reconstruction of metallurgical techniques and the circulation of iron products. An interdisciplinary approach, combining archaeological and archaeometrical studies of... more
Iron raw materials provide a privileged source of information for the reconstruction of metallurgical techniques and the circulation of iron products. An interdisciplinary approach, combining archaeological and archaeometrical studies of the exemplars known from the French Iron Age, has been undertaken. This enables a new typological classification to be produced that demonstrates a correlation between morphological and structural properties. Through comparison with chronological data, it is possible to propose a reconstruction of the organization of production according to three main periods, which are characterized by the circulation of different qualities of iron and by diverse levels of artisanal specialization.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Circulation and Bloom
Résumé/Abstract Durant les âges du Fer, les étapes de production du métal (réduction) et de fabrication des objets (forge) sont le plus souvent pratiquées par des artisans différents. Cela signifie que le fer circule avant... more
Résumé/Abstract Durant les âges du Fer, les étapes de production du métal (réduction) et de fabrication des objets (forge) sont le plus souvent pratiquées par des artisans différents. Cela signifie que le fer circule avant d'acquérir sa forme finale d'objets. Cette matière ...
La généralisation de l'utilisation du fer, qui intervient en Europe occidentale durant la période dite des "âges du Fer" (VIIe-Ier s. av. J.-C.), est à l'origine de profondes modifications dans les sociétés humaines. A partir d'une étude... more
La généralisation de l'utilisation du fer, qui intervient en Europe occidentale durant la période dite des "âges du Fer" (VIIe-Ier s. av. J.-C.), est à l'origine de profondes modifications dans les sociétés humaines. A partir d'une étude croisée des matières premières métalliques (produits bruts de réduction et demi-produits) et de leurs ateliers de transformation, cet ouvrage se propose d'aborder l'organisation des systèmes de production sidérurgiques en France durant cette période de forte innovation technique. Près de 130 sites, plus de mille demi-produits et plusieurs milliers de déchets issus de leur transformation (chutes métalliques et scories) ont été étudiés selon une approche interdisciplinaire, alliant les méthodes traditionnelles de l'archéologie, à la caractérisation des propriétés internes des matériaux (analyses microscopiques et chimiques). Cette vaste synthèse conduit à une caractérisation des activités sidérurgiques en trois grandes périodes de développement social, suivant une évolution qui modifie les modes de consommation du métal, l'organisation des productions et les liens qu'entretenaient artisans et élites.