Lana Troy

Souvent traduits depuis leur decouverte, les "chants d'amour" de l'egypte pharoanique sont ici repris et consideres en tant que representants d'un genre litteraire bien defini. Apres la traduction, le commentaire philologique et la transcription hieroglyphique de tous les textes connus (papyrus et ostraca) sont abordes successivement les differents aspects du genre (analyses modale, thematique et formelle) ainsi que les liens qu'entretient cette poesie avec d'autres genres litteraires. Cette etude revele l'existence de procedes conscients d'elaboration (la structure metrique notamment), vraisemblablement mis en oeuvre par l'elite intellectuelle d'une micro-societe cultivee.

Deux reines portant ce nom ont vecu dans la periode XVIIdynastie-debut XVIIIdynastie. Leur existence est confirmee par la decouverte de deux sarcophages, chacun identifie par son inscription comme appartenant a la Grande epouse du roi, Ahhotep. Clarification de leur identite. Les sources existantes indiquent clairement qu'il s'agit des epouses royales de Kamose et de TaoII. La seconde fut la mere du premier roi de la XVIIIdynastie, Nebpehtyre Amosis.

The papers in this book, originally precirculated for the Second World Archaeological Conference (WAC) in Venezuela, 1990, explore current uses and potential of information technology (IT) in archaeology. In keeping with the "political stance of WAC," the conference organizers explicitly sought papers emphasizing how IT can promote communication and, ultimately, the democratization of archaeological knowledge (p. xxii). Reilly and Rahtz (Chapter 1) give an overview of how archaeologists use IT and discuss the impact of data bases, networks, imaging, and other technologies on archaeological practice. They worry that the rapid pace of technological innovation may deepen the gulf between IT haves and have nots (p. 20). Chapters 2-7, which survey computer use in several world regions, document the dramatic contrasts in access to IT that already exist. Some may find the overall pattern a little surprising: southern and eastern African archaeologists (Sinclair et al., Karega-Munene) seem to have better access to IT than their counterparts in eastern Europe (Marciniak and Raczkowski, Suhajda) and the (former) Soviet Union (Trifonov and Dolukhanov). Perhaps the situation has changed since 1990, when "no more than 15 computers [were] used within archaeology" in the USSR (p. 66). Oikawa discusses Japanese site data bases, with particular emphasis on imaging capabilities integral to geographic information systems (GIS); for example, a search of a data base with image-retrieval capabilities would yield a distribution map rather than just a list of sites. Wilcock advocates data standardization but seems skeptical of the prospects for imposing it on archaeologists. Chapters 9-12, grouped together under "visualization," deal with different approaches to computergraphical presentation of archaeological data. Lock and Harris discuss the analysis of spatial data in archaeology and describe the dramatically enhanced potential for visualizing spatial data made possible by GIS. This chapter is a good overview, but, in light of the growing importance of GIS in archaeology around the world (attested in this volume by the chapters on Africa and Japan), more example applications of GIS would have been welcome either in this chapter or elsewhere in the volume. Fletcher and Spicer provide examples of the stunning graphics and analytical possibilities of surface modeling applied to microtopographic survey data. Wood and Chapman provide equally stunning illustrations of three-dimensional solid and surface models of ruined buildings. They note that popular commercial software now offers both solidand surface-modeling capabilities. Reilly discusses additional examples of 3-D modeling, noting the convergence of solid modeling and hypertext data bases for simultaneously communicating raw data together with the archaeologist's reconstruction. He also delves into the future of "virtual archaeology" and shows how 3-D models could be used for true three-dimensional recording of archaeological contexts. Chapters 13-18, grouped under "analysis," are a mixed bag of conventional and speculative applications of computerized analysis. Koetje considers the problem of how to recognize surfaces in excavations, a necessary precursor to intrasite spatial analysis. He shows that K-means cluster analysis, used appropriately, can recover vertical spatial clusters (layers). Sinclair and Troy use correspondence analysis (a simultaneous Rand Q-mode eigenvector technique appropriate for categorical data) to seriate Nubian contexts (sites and burial lots) together with the tabulated attributes. These authors also explore spatial patterns in scores on the first two correspondence axes within a lower Nubian cemetery. Dallas constructs a formal approach to description and analysis of Attic grave stelae, some of which he implements in Prolog. Biskowski considers how expert systems might be used within archaeological simulation experiments to make simulated prehistoric decision makers act more human. Lagrange and Vitali also describe an expert system, but here it substitutes for the archaeologist trying to figure out the provenance implications of chemical, mineralogical, typological, and contextual data on pottery. In Stutt and Shennan's paper, the expert system, WORSAAE, serves yet another role, trying to find the flaws in the archaeologist's interpretations and arguments, thus leading to better ones. Of these expert systems applications, all but the trivial (Lagrange and Vitali's) remained incompletely realized at publication.

OXFORD WORLD'S CLASSICS For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics have brought readers closer to the world's great literature. Now with over 700 titles—-from the 4.ooo-y ear-old myths of Mesopotamia to the twent1eth century'.(greatest novels—the series makes available ...

... No fulltext in DiVA. Create reference ». Author: Troy, Lana (Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Egyptology). Title: The queen as the divine counterpart of the pharaoh. ...

... Winlock 1932). Like Ahmose-Nefertari, Hatshepsut, as the High Priestess, Wife of the God, was at the head of the priestly hierarchy. Her ... her. Taking the form of the king, Amun arranges a meeting with the help of the god Thoth. The god ...

Chapter 7 looks at the ancient roads both within and leading from the Hatnub quarry, and reviews what is known about other ancient quarry roads elsewhere in Egypt. The main road leading from Quarry P to the Nile River near El Amarna is one of longest (16 km) and best preserved dynastic roads in Egypt. It has a dry-laid stone bed with elevated causeways where it crosses wadis and swales in the desert surface, and embankments where it traverses hillsides. There are several other minor roads in the quarry area that are mostly just cleared tracks. It is a pity that the complete road network is not shown on a map along with all the other quarry features. Although the physical evidence at Hatnub is lacking, Shaw is undoubtedly correct in thinking the travertine, at least the larger pieces, was removed from the quarry on sledges that were pulled either by men, as depicted in the famous scene showing the transport of a colossal travertine statue in the Twelfth Dynasty tomb of Thuthotep (or Djehutihotep) at nearby Deir el-Bersha, or probably more often by donkeys. He suggests that two parallel ruts of unspecified dimensions in the main road near Quarry P may have been made by ancient sledges, but one has to wonder if they are not actually something left by modern vehicles that are known to drive along this road. Chapter 8 discusses what is known generally about the organisation of ancient quarrying expeditions in Egypt and applies this to Hatnub. Shaw concludes that most expeditions to Hatnub were dispatched by kings, nomarchs, or temples with the quarry labourers press-ganged by means of a corvée system. These were then overseen by a cadre of quarry professionals and o cials. He allows that there probably was also some small-scale, intermittent private exploitation of the quarry. The previously noted dichotomy between the Old Kingdom’s communal settlements and the New Kingdom’s solitary encampments at Quarry P suggests to Shaw that the Old Kingdom (and also the Middle Kingdom at Quarry R) had large, well-organised, state-sponsored expeditions to Hatnub whereas the New Kingdom had smaller groups of workers with limited bureaucratic or organisational backing. This interpretation is further supported by an almost complete lack of New Kingdom inscriptions whereas such memorials are common in earlier periods. The lack of any fortifications at Hatnub, unlike the mines and quarries on Egypt’s Sinai and Nubia frontiers, indicates that the nomadic population in this part of the Eastern Desert was not hostile. The book closes with seven appendices devoted to the quarry chronology (1), and a complete catalogue of o cial inscriptions and gra ti found at Hatnub (2–6). These are followed by an extensive bibliography and two indices, one general and the other for selected Egyptian, Coptic, Akkadian, and Greek words used in the text. Apart from the aforementioned omissions in the quarry description and interpretation, the book’s only other shortcoming is in the reproduction quality of the photographs. These too often lack su cient contrast and sharpness, but this is the fault of the publisher, not the author. In conclusion, the principal contribution of Shaw’s book is the description of the quarry workers’ settlement at Hatnub with its detailed study of the huts and other shelters, pottery, and putative religious monuments. Also very useful are his reviews of the literature on the archaeology of travertine and on Ancient Egyptian quarries in general, and his catalogue of Hatnub inscriptions. This is a book that belongs in the library of any student of Ancient Egyptian quarries or travertine.