This study explores the emergence of the Afro-Indigenous food sovereignty movement in the con... more This study explores the emergence of the Afro-Indigenous food sovereignty movement in the context of a captured Honduran state and unequal political economy. In contrast with national-level research that has advocated a policy of food security in the context of non-indigenous campesino movements, this work explains how food sovereignty is more appropriate regarding Garifuna Hondurans. In a political economy that has precluded other options, and given the deep cultural relation that Garifuna activists have to land and autonomy, food sovereignty provides a possibility around which Indigenous development can be animated. It encapsulates a local ‘fight’ response to repression as an alternative to northern ‘flight’, often via migrant caravans, that many Garifuna have undertaken. This study shows how food sovereignty, more than being a technical policy set, is a discursive and material node through which dispossessed and especially indigenous populations can enhance decolonial power in the contestation of entrenched hegemonic and institutionalized power in a corrupt, unequal and colonized political economy.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This concluding chapter summarizes the findings of the book. This involves presenting somewhat of... more This concluding chapter summarizes the findings of the book. This involves presenting somewhat of a guide to academics, communities, and practitioners that seek to support indigenous concepts of sustainable development. The chapter begins by describing what indigenous sustainable development is. Then the discussion changes towards modes of implementation. A central focus is given to items such as the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals and their resonances, and lack thereof, with indigenous ideas of development.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This chapter compares, contrasts, and, where possible, incorporates indigenous concepts of sustai... more This chapter compares, contrasts, and, where possible, incorporates indigenous concepts of sustainable development with “Western” ideas presented in earlier chapters. The goal here is to use Maya, Andean indigenous, and Garifuna development ideas to bend the sustainable development towards an indigenous perspective. The underlying question addressed is “can existing ideas of development bend to incorporate indigenous perspectives, or must they be jettisoned if indigeneity is to be meaningfully considered?”
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
The most politically forceful, and institutionally integrated, form of indigenous sustainable dev... more The most politically forceful, and institutionally integrated, form of indigenous sustainable development in Latin America has emerged in the Andean region—especially in Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador. Although this region is home to multiple indigenous cultures, much weight is given to the Kechwa concept of Sumak Kawsay (living well). Owing to the power of the local indigenous movement, the idea has been most completely incorporated in Ecuador—where it is the central theme of the country’s most recent constitution. The Andean case study allows us to observe indigenous sustainable development in its most advanced form. The Ecuadorian example at once provides home for indigenous development, and a cautionary tale of its implementation.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
The methods and understandings introduced in previous chapters are used to discuss indigenous sus... more The methods and understandings introduced in previous chapters are used to discuss indigenous sustainable development as it is emerging among Afro-indigenous Garifuna in Honduras. Although Garifuna activists, thinkers, leaders, and practitioners share a close geographical relation to Maya groups, their challenges, cultures, and histories are substantially different. As a result, Garifuna sustainable development has its own distinct form, focused increasingly around territorial autonomy and food sovereignty.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
After having discussed, via ethnography, the origins of the idea of culturally sustainable develo... more After having discussed, via ethnography, the origins of the idea of culturally sustainable development in Guatemala, this chapter describes the idea itself as a development theory. Not only is Maya cosmovision given a central role in the chapter, but distinct programs and community interventions are described as well. The deep political implications of indigenous sustainable development programs are made clear when we consider conflicts between communities seeking to operationalize indigenous forms of sustainable development and international mining companies in Guatemala.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This chapter discusses the emergence of a strong indigenous challenge to mainstream development t... more This chapter discusses the emergence of a strong indigenous challenge to mainstream development that emerged in Guatemala. The historical and global changes that contributed to this idea are explored in detail. So are the deep cultural roots of Maya cosmovision, in which this idea is embedded. The chapter focusses around the story of one particular Maya organization called El Centro Pluricultural para la Democracia (the Pluricultural Centre for Democracy), from which the indigenous idea of culturally sustainable development emerged.
Especially in the postcolonial period, development thinking took a critical turn. Much of this ne... more Especially in the postcolonial period, development thinking took a critical turn. Much of this new thinking originated as people from the Third World began to speak of development in the context of neocolonialism, while drawing on strains of critical political economy. The idea of culture played an increasingly important role as the concept of development was challenged from below. Increasingly, this involved powerful assertions from indigenous peoples, and a new focus around issues of environmental sustainability of food sovereignty.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
After WWII, development became a major global pursuit, and culture played a key role in ideas of ... more After WWII, development became a major global pursuit, and culture played a key role in ideas of how to nurture its occurrence. This chapter scrutinizes postwar, largely uncritical, development theory—focusing on the way in which culture appears in these ideas.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
Classical thought on culture and development was not all functionalist. Large critical traditions... more Classical thought on culture and development was not all functionalist. Large critical traditions of thought emerged in the eighteenth century, and these would inform many later theories of international development. Marxian and Gramscian theories are discussed in this chapter, as are early sociological contributions from thinkers such Weber, Parsons, Veblen, and others.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
Ideas of development, and later sustainable development, did not appear out of nowhere after WWII... more Ideas of development, and later sustainable development, did not appear out of nowhere after WWII. This chapter explores prewar origins of economic and cultural theories of development. The discussion focusses on ways that culture and development concepts appear in the classical political economy of people like Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill, and neoclassical economists from Pareto, to Hayek, to Keynes.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This chapter discusses the increased importance of indigenous culture and its potential contribut... more This chapter discusses the increased importance of indigenous culture and its potential contribution to sustainable development. Theoretical ideas such as transmodernity and neoliberal multiculturalism are introduced, issues of representation of indigenous ideas are discussed, and the outline of the book is presented.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This open access book outlines development theory and practice over time as well as critically in... more This open access book outlines development theory and practice over time as well as critically interrogates the “cultural turn” in development policy in Latin American indigenous communities, specifically, in Guatemala, Honduras, Ecuador, and Bolivia. It becomes apparent that culturally sustainable development is both a new and old idea, which is simultaneously traditional and modern, and that it is a necessary iteration in thinking on development. This new strain of thought could inform not only the work of development practitioners, graduate students, and theorists working in the Global South, but in the Global North as well.
Cultural Economics, Economic Sociology, Cultural Economy, Music industry.
A study of the music i... more Cultural Economics, Economic Sociology, Cultural Economy, Music industry.
A study of the music industry on the East Coast of Canada with implications for cultural policy as well as sociological, economic, and cultural theory.
Natural resource extraction has been the base of Peruvian economic growth, notably since the neol... more Natural resource extraction has been the base of Peruvian economic growth, notably since the neoliberalization of the economy in recent decades. Academic and media accounts portray Peru as an absent stateone of weak institutions to exert environmental control and guarantee citizens' rightsparticularly in remote resource extraction areas. This article scrutinizes this idea of absence in the context of neoliberal extractivist governance, via the case of a mining conflict surrounding the creation of the Ichigkat Muja National Park (PNIM) in the Cordillera del Cóndor, in the northwest Peruvian Amazon. We argue that the state is not absent: it is the outcome of contested and renegotiated relations, institutions, and ideologies. We posit that the goal of guaranteeing private investment shapes state agents' attitudes and interventions to address conflicts. Based on key informant interviews and the review of official social conflict reports, we examine two roles of the state: as a protector of rights and a provider of basic services. We find that, in this case, the regional government's recognition of citizens' rights appears ambiguous, and in general, the state's role as a provider of basic services is deployed to mitigate conflicts that affect significant extractive projects or involve intense social protest. Thus, the neoliberal project of the Peruvian state is mediated in complex relations, constituting a particular and evolving form of neoextractivism, where social investment is functional to guarantee mining. Keywords: State theory; social conflicts; extractive industries; Peruvian Amazon. Open Access until October 09/2022: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1fcV73Qu6ubp2%7E
We analyze the Bolsa Verde Program, arguing that it likely was the world's first largescale insti... more We analyze the Bolsa Verde Program, arguing that it likely was the world's first largescale institution of a Green Basic Income Program. As such, the initiative presents a unique opportunity to evaluate the potential environmental uses and implications of Basic Income initiatives. Our study relies on a socially-embedded analysis of the program as it functioned in the context of the Brazilian Amazon. This involves analysis of qualitative data from former program beneficiaries, community leaders, program evaluators, and managers. This research suggests that the program operated socially as a de-facto Green Basic Income program, despite being designed as a hybrid Payment for Environmental Services initiative. Our analysis suggests that Bolsa Verde was successful in reducing both deforestation and poverty, and these successes were achieved without undermining collective community institutions that could have positive anti-poverty and environmental protection benefits of their own.
Natural resource extraction has been the base of Peruvian economic growth, notably since the neol... more Natural resource extraction has been the base of Peruvian economic growth, notably since the neoliberalization of the economy in recent decades. Academic and media accounts portray Peru as an absent stateone of weak institutions to exert environmental control and guarantee citizens' rightsparticularly in remote resource extraction areas. This article scrutinizes this idea of absence in the context of neoliberal extractivist governance, via the case of a mining conflict surrounding the creation of the Ichigkat Muja National Park (PNIM) in the Cordillera del Cóndor, in the northwest Peruvian Amazon. We argue that the state is not absent: it is the outcome of contested and renegotiated relations, institutions, and ideologies. We posit that the goal of guaranteeing private investment shapes state agents' attitudes and interventions to address conflicts. Based on key informant interviews and the review of official social conflict reports, we examine two roles of the state: as a protector of rights and a provider of basic services. We find that, in this case, the regional government's recognition of citizens' rights appears ambiguous, and in general, the state's role as a provider of basic services is deployed to mitigate conflicts that affect significant extractive projects or involve intense social protest. Thus, the neoliberal project of the Peruvian state is mediated in complex relations, constituting a particular and evolving form of neoextractivism, where social investment is functional to guarantee mining. Keywords: State theory; social conflicts; extractive industries; Peruvian Amazon. Open Access until October 09/2022: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1fcV73Qu6ubp2%7E
Studies on territory in Latin America have noted that the trend of state recognition and devoluti... more Studies on territory in Latin America have noted that the trend of state recognition and devolution of Indigenous territorial rights, known as the territorial turn, has created new spatial configurations that are compatible within neoliberal governance, rather than promoting compensatory justice and decolonization. Using a case study of the Awajún of Peru, we argue that Latin American Indigenous movements do not simply respond to or align with neoliberalism. Rather, territorial autonomy is forged through negotiations with the state and other parties at different scales, beyond recognized territorial rights. This study suggests that to assess the effects of territorial turn on Indigenous struggles, we need to elucidate the significance and role of territory in the construction of autonomy as a negotiated strategy within the context of the state and beyond. Based on ethnographic methods and critical literature on territory with a decolonial lens, we examine Awajún territorial practices and territorio as a lived and a conceived space. In a context of limited recognition, material disparity, and external threats, territorial autonomy is historically constructed through territorial practices and embodied and daily experiences. Awajún territoriality thus resonates with a broad impetus in Latin American Indigenous movements, which challenges and complicates official territorial organization under singular nation-states.
Studies on territory in Latin America have noted that the trend of state recognition and devoluti... more Studies on territory in Latin America have noted that the trend of state recognition and devolution of Indigenous territorial rights, known as the territorial turn, has created new spatial configurations that are compatible within neoliberal governance, rather than promoting compensatory justice and decolonization. Using a case study of the Awajún of Peru, we argue that Latin American Indigenous movements do not simply respond to or align with neoliberalism. Rather, territorial autonomy is forged through negotiations with the state and other parties at different scales, beyond recognized territorial rights. This study suggests that to assess the effects of territorial turn on Indigenous struggles, we need to elucidate the significance and role of territory in the construction of autonomy as a negotiated strategy within the context of the state and beyond. Based on ethnographic methods and critical literature on territory with a decolonial lens, we examine Awajún territorial practices and territorio as a lived and a conceived space. In a context of limited recognition, material disparity, and external threats, territorial autonomy is historically constructed through territorial practices and embodied and daily experiences. Awajún territoriality thus resonates with a broad impetus in Latin American Indigenous movements, which challenges and complicates official territorial organization under singular nation-states.
This study explores the emergence of the Afro-Indigenous food sovereignty movement in the con... more This study explores the emergence of the Afro-Indigenous food sovereignty movement in the context of a captured Honduran state and unequal political economy. In contrast with national-level research that has advocated a policy of food security in the context of non-indigenous campesino movements, this work explains how food sovereignty is more appropriate regarding Garifuna Hondurans. In a political economy that has precluded other options, and given the deep cultural relation that Garifuna activists have to land and autonomy, food sovereignty provides a possibility around which Indigenous development can be animated. It encapsulates a local ‘fight’ response to repression as an alternative to northern ‘flight’, often via migrant caravans, that many Garifuna have undertaken. This study shows how food sovereignty, more than being a technical policy set, is a discursive and material node through which dispossessed and especially indigenous populations can enhance decolonial power in the contestation of entrenched hegemonic and institutionalized power in a corrupt, unequal and colonized political economy.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This concluding chapter summarizes the findings of the book. This involves presenting somewhat of... more This concluding chapter summarizes the findings of the book. This involves presenting somewhat of a guide to academics, communities, and practitioners that seek to support indigenous concepts of sustainable development. The chapter begins by describing what indigenous sustainable development is. Then the discussion changes towards modes of implementation. A central focus is given to items such as the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals and their resonances, and lack thereof, with indigenous ideas of development.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This chapter compares, contrasts, and, where possible, incorporates indigenous concepts of sustai... more This chapter compares, contrasts, and, where possible, incorporates indigenous concepts of sustainable development with “Western” ideas presented in earlier chapters. The goal here is to use Maya, Andean indigenous, and Garifuna development ideas to bend the sustainable development towards an indigenous perspective. The underlying question addressed is “can existing ideas of development bend to incorporate indigenous perspectives, or must they be jettisoned if indigeneity is to be meaningfully considered?”
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
The most politically forceful, and institutionally integrated, form of indigenous sustainable dev... more The most politically forceful, and institutionally integrated, form of indigenous sustainable development in Latin America has emerged in the Andean region—especially in Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador. Although this region is home to multiple indigenous cultures, much weight is given to the Kechwa concept of Sumak Kawsay (living well). Owing to the power of the local indigenous movement, the idea has been most completely incorporated in Ecuador—where it is the central theme of the country’s most recent constitution. The Andean case study allows us to observe indigenous sustainable development in its most advanced form. The Ecuadorian example at once provides home for indigenous development, and a cautionary tale of its implementation.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
The methods and understandings introduced in previous chapters are used to discuss indigenous sus... more The methods and understandings introduced in previous chapters are used to discuss indigenous sustainable development as it is emerging among Afro-indigenous Garifuna in Honduras. Although Garifuna activists, thinkers, leaders, and practitioners share a close geographical relation to Maya groups, their challenges, cultures, and histories are substantially different. As a result, Garifuna sustainable development has its own distinct form, focused increasingly around territorial autonomy and food sovereignty.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
After having discussed, via ethnography, the origins of the idea of culturally sustainable develo... more After having discussed, via ethnography, the origins of the idea of culturally sustainable development in Guatemala, this chapter describes the idea itself as a development theory. Not only is Maya cosmovision given a central role in the chapter, but distinct programs and community interventions are described as well. The deep political implications of indigenous sustainable development programs are made clear when we consider conflicts between communities seeking to operationalize indigenous forms of sustainable development and international mining companies in Guatemala.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This chapter discusses the emergence of a strong indigenous challenge to mainstream development t... more This chapter discusses the emergence of a strong indigenous challenge to mainstream development that emerged in Guatemala. The historical and global changes that contributed to this idea are explored in detail. So are the deep cultural roots of Maya cosmovision, in which this idea is embedded. The chapter focusses around the story of one particular Maya organization called El Centro Pluricultural para la Democracia (the Pluricultural Centre for Democracy), from which the indigenous idea of culturally sustainable development emerged.
Especially in the postcolonial period, development thinking took a critical turn. Much of this ne... more Especially in the postcolonial period, development thinking took a critical turn. Much of this new thinking originated as people from the Third World began to speak of development in the context of neocolonialism, while drawing on strains of critical political economy. The idea of culture played an increasingly important role as the concept of development was challenged from below. Increasingly, this involved powerful assertions from indigenous peoples, and a new focus around issues of environmental sustainability of food sovereignty.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
After WWII, development became a major global pursuit, and culture played a key role in ideas of ... more After WWII, development became a major global pursuit, and culture played a key role in ideas of how to nurture its occurrence. This chapter scrutinizes postwar, largely uncritical, development theory—focusing on the way in which culture appears in these ideas.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
Classical thought on culture and development was not all functionalist. Large critical traditions... more Classical thought on culture and development was not all functionalist. Large critical traditions of thought emerged in the eighteenth century, and these would inform many later theories of international development. Marxian and Gramscian theories are discussed in this chapter, as are early sociological contributions from thinkers such Weber, Parsons, Veblen, and others.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
Ideas of development, and later sustainable development, did not appear out of nowhere after WWII... more Ideas of development, and later sustainable development, did not appear out of nowhere after WWII. This chapter explores prewar origins of economic and cultural theories of development. The discussion focusses on ways that culture and development concepts appear in the classical political economy of people like Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill, and neoclassical economists from Pareto, to Hayek, to Keynes.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This chapter discusses the increased importance of indigenous culture and its potential contribut... more This chapter discusses the increased importance of indigenous culture and its potential contribution to sustainable development. Theoretical ideas such as transmodernity and neoliberal multiculturalism are introduced, issues of representation of indigenous ideas are discussed, and the outline of the book is presented.
Indigenous Cultures and Sustainable Development in Latin America, 2020
This open access book outlines development theory and practice over time as well as critically in... more This open access book outlines development theory and practice over time as well as critically interrogates the “cultural turn” in development policy in Latin American indigenous communities, specifically, in Guatemala, Honduras, Ecuador, and Bolivia. It becomes apparent that culturally sustainable development is both a new and old idea, which is simultaneously traditional and modern, and that it is a necessary iteration in thinking on development. This new strain of thought could inform not only the work of development practitioners, graduate students, and theorists working in the Global South, but in the Global North as well.
Cultural Economics, Economic Sociology, Cultural Economy, Music industry.
A study of the music i... more Cultural Economics, Economic Sociology, Cultural Economy, Music industry.
A study of the music industry on the East Coast of Canada with implications for cultural policy as well as sociological, economic, and cultural theory.
Natural resource extraction has been the base of Peruvian economic growth, notably since the neol... more Natural resource extraction has been the base of Peruvian economic growth, notably since the neoliberalization of the economy in recent decades. Academic and media accounts portray Peru as an absent stateone of weak institutions to exert environmental control and guarantee citizens' rightsparticularly in remote resource extraction areas. This article scrutinizes this idea of absence in the context of neoliberal extractivist governance, via the case of a mining conflict surrounding the creation of the Ichigkat Muja National Park (PNIM) in the Cordillera del Cóndor, in the northwest Peruvian Amazon. We argue that the state is not absent: it is the outcome of contested and renegotiated relations, institutions, and ideologies. We posit that the goal of guaranteeing private investment shapes state agents' attitudes and interventions to address conflicts. Based on key informant interviews and the review of official social conflict reports, we examine two roles of the state: as a protector of rights and a provider of basic services. We find that, in this case, the regional government's recognition of citizens' rights appears ambiguous, and in general, the state's role as a provider of basic services is deployed to mitigate conflicts that affect significant extractive projects or involve intense social protest. Thus, the neoliberal project of the Peruvian state is mediated in complex relations, constituting a particular and evolving form of neoextractivism, where social investment is functional to guarantee mining. Keywords: State theory; social conflicts; extractive industries; Peruvian Amazon. Open Access until October 09/2022: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1fcV73Qu6ubp2%7E
We analyze the Bolsa Verde Program, arguing that it likely was the world's first largescale insti... more We analyze the Bolsa Verde Program, arguing that it likely was the world's first largescale institution of a Green Basic Income Program. As such, the initiative presents a unique opportunity to evaluate the potential environmental uses and implications of Basic Income initiatives. Our study relies on a socially-embedded analysis of the program as it functioned in the context of the Brazilian Amazon. This involves analysis of qualitative data from former program beneficiaries, community leaders, program evaluators, and managers. This research suggests that the program operated socially as a de-facto Green Basic Income program, despite being designed as a hybrid Payment for Environmental Services initiative. Our analysis suggests that Bolsa Verde was successful in reducing both deforestation and poverty, and these successes were achieved without undermining collective community institutions that could have positive anti-poverty and environmental protection benefits of their own.
Natural resource extraction has been the base of Peruvian economic growth, notably since the neol... more Natural resource extraction has been the base of Peruvian economic growth, notably since the neoliberalization of the economy in recent decades. Academic and media accounts portray Peru as an absent stateone of weak institutions to exert environmental control and guarantee citizens' rightsparticularly in remote resource extraction areas. This article scrutinizes this idea of absence in the context of neoliberal extractivist governance, via the case of a mining conflict surrounding the creation of the Ichigkat Muja National Park (PNIM) in the Cordillera del Cóndor, in the northwest Peruvian Amazon. We argue that the state is not absent: it is the outcome of contested and renegotiated relations, institutions, and ideologies. We posit that the goal of guaranteeing private investment shapes state agents' attitudes and interventions to address conflicts. Based on key informant interviews and the review of official social conflict reports, we examine two roles of the state: as a protector of rights and a provider of basic services. We find that, in this case, the regional government's recognition of citizens' rights appears ambiguous, and in general, the state's role as a provider of basic services is deployed to mitigate conflicts that affect significant extractive projects or involve intense social protest. Thus, the neoliberal project of the Peruvian state is mediated in complex relations, constituting a particular and evolving form of neoextractivism, where social investment is functional to guarantee mining. Keywords: State theory; social conflicts; extractive industries; Peruvian Amazon. Open Access until October 09/2022: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1fcV73Qu6ubp2%7E
Studies on territory in Latin America have noted that the trend of state recognition and devoluti... more Studies on territory in Latin America have noted that the trend of state recognition and devolution of Indigenous territorial rights, known as the territorial turn, has created new spatial configurations that are compatible within neoliberal governance, rather than promoting compensatory justice and decolonization. Using a case study of the Awajún of Peru, we argue that Latin American Indigenous movements do not simply respond to or align with neoliberalism. Rather, territorial autonomy is forged through negotiations with the state and other parties at different scales, beyond recognized territorial rights. This study suggests that to assess the effects of territorial turn on Indigenous struggles, we need to elucidate the significance and role of territory in the construction of autonomy as a negotiated strategy within the context of the state and beyond. Based on ethnographic methods and critical literature on territory with a decolonial lens, we examine Awajún territorial practices and territorio as a lived and a conceived space. In a context of limited recognition, material disparity, and external threats, territorial autonomy is historically constructed through territorial practices and embodied and daily experiences. Awajún territoriality thus resonates with a broad impetus in Latin American Indigenous movements, which challenges and complicates official territorial organization under singular nation-states.
Studies on territory in Latin America have noted that the trend of state recognition and devoluti... more Studies on territory in Latin America have noted that the trend of state recognition and devolution of Indigenous territorial rights, known as the territorial turn, has created new spatial configurations that are compatible within neoliberal governance, rather than promoting compensatory justice and decolonization. Using a case study of the Awajún of Peru, we argue that Latin American Indigenous movements do not simply respond to or align with neoliberalism. Rather, territorial autonomy is forged through negotiations with the state and other parties at different scales, beyond recognized territorial rights. This study suggests that to assess the effects of territorial turn on Indigenous struggles, we need to elucidate the significance and role of territory in the construction of autonomy as a negotiated strategy within the context of the state and beyond. Based on ethnographic methods and critical literature on territory with a decolonial lens, we examine Awajún territorial practices and territorio as a lived and a conceived space. In a context of limited recognition, material disparity, and external threats, territorial autonomy is historically constructed through territorial practices and embodied and daily experiences. Awajún territoriality thus resonates with a broad impetus in Latin American Indigenous movements, which challenges and complicates official territorial organization under singular nation-states.
Enormous shifts occurred in poverty trends, research and policies in the United States during the... more Enormous shifts occurred in poverty trends, research and policies in the United States during the 1990s. Poverty rates soared early in the decade; at their peak, the rates approached the levels associated with the deep recession of the early 1980s. The rapid ascent, however, was followed by an even more rapid decline that brought poverty rates near to their historic lows of the mid-1970s. Numerous methodological developments, such as the introduction of new measures, a return to large-scale social experiments, and a more widespread and sophisticated application of qualitative, ethnographic methods, also marked the decade. In terms of policy, the federal and state governments had just begun implementing the Family Support Act and Medicaid expansions at the start of the 1990s. Within a few years, the federal government expanded the Earned Income Tax Credit, while the states began experimenting with cash assistance reforms through Section 1115 waivers from the Social Security Act. In 1...
ABSTRACT The idea of the capacity to aspire (CtA) has recently been used in attempts to incorpora... more ABSTRACT The idea of the capacity to aspire (CtA) has recently been used in attempts to incorporate cultural and psychological factors into political and economic theories of community development. When integrated with capabilities and capital assets approaches, CtA can be used to explain psychological and cultural development traps, but may be incomplete in its formulation. Through a theoretical discussion and a case study in a post disaster situation, we show that the integration of strain theory can make CtA more meaningful, nuanced, and powerful in its framing of community development processes. We suggest that this integrated theory offers a more thorough understanding of the cultural political economy of development, and a richer trajectory for future research and practice than does CtA theory alone.
We analyze the environmental implications of basic income programs through literature review, gov... more We analyze the environmental implications of basic income programs through literature review, government documents, pilot studies, and interviews eliciting expert knowledge. We consider existing knowledge and then use a grounded approach to produce theory on the relationship between a basic income guarantee and environmental protection/damage. We find that very little empirical or theoretical work has been done on this relationship and that theoretical arguments can be made for both positive and negative environmental impacts. Ultimately, this implies, the environmental impact of a basic income program will be dependent on program design. These insights allow us to generate a toolkit of policy proposals to assist in the development of green basic income programs via either conditions, additions, or complements.
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Books by Tim MacNeill
A study of the music industry on the East Coast of Canada with implications for cultural policy as well as sociological, economic, and cultural theory.
Papers by Tim MacNeill
A study of the music industry on the East Coast of Canada with implications for cultural policy as well as sociological, economic, and cultural theory.