The Government of Enugu State plans to offer free perinatal services at the primary health care (... more The Government of Enugu State plans to offer free perinatal services at the primary health care (PHC) centers in order to improve perinatal outcomes in the state, but it was not clear whether there are skilled birth attendants (SBAs) at the PHC level to implement the program. To determine whether there are sufficient numbers of SBAs in the public PHC system in Enugu State of Nigeria. This cross-sectional survey involved enumeration of health workers who worked at each public PHC facility in Enugu State and included verification of the qualifications and trainings of each health worker. Data analysis was performed with the help of Stata statistical package version 13 and results were presented in tables and as simple proportions. There were 55 nurses and no midwife or doctor in the 152 PHC clinics studied. This number represents 0.36 nurses per health facility or about 9% (i.e., 55/608) of a minimum of 608 SBAs required for 24-h perinatal services at the 152 PHC clinics. There were 1...
The Government of Enugu State plans to offer free perinatal services at the primary health care (... more The Government of Enugu State plans to offer free perinatal services at the primary health care (PHC) centers in order to improve perinatal outcomes in the state, but it was not clear whether there are skilled birth attendants (SBAs) at the PHC level to implement the program. To determine whether there are sufficient numbers of SBAs in the public PHC system in Enugu State of Nigeria. This cross-sectional survey involved enumeration of health workers who worked at each public PHC facility in Enugu State and included verification of the qualifications and trainings of each health worker. Data analysis was performed with the help of Stata statistical package version 13 and results were presented in tables and as simple proportions. There were 55 nurses and no midwife or doctor in the 152 PHC clinics studied. This number represents 0.36 nurses per health facility or about 9% (i.e., 55/608) of a minimum of 608 SBAs required for 24-h perinatal services at the 152 PHC clinics. There were 1...
Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, Jan 14, 2013
Background:Renal insufficiency has been shown to be a significant, independent risk factor for mo... more Background:Renal insufficiency has been shown to be a significant, independent risk factor for mortality among HIV-infected patients. Unfortunately, little is known about the prevalence and nature of renal impairment in African populations initiating antiretroviral treatment. This study aims to find the prevalence of abnormal renal function among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive, HIV-infected patients in the South Eastern geopolitical zone of Nigeria.Method:This is a cross-sectional hospital-based study, involving 300 ART-naive HIV-positive patients, seen over a 1-year period, aged from 18 years and older, presenting to the clinic for the first time.Results:A total of 300 patients were included in the study, 104 (34.7%) males and 196 (65.3%) females. The prevalence of significant renal disease was 24.3% (73 of 300), while 38.3% (115 of 300) had mild renal impairment. Using logistic regression, age, CD4 count, urea, creatinine, and hemoglobin were significantly associated with rena...
Global and national efforts in the 21st century are directed toward the elimination of new pediat... more Global and national efforts in the 21st century are directed toward the elimination of new pediatric HIV infections through evidence-based infant feeding interventions for the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission, with patient preference, motivation, and adherence identified as key factors for success. This study assessed the challenges faced by HIV-infected parturients in adhering to the national infant feeding recommendations and their infant feeding preference for prevention of mother-to-child transmission in South East Nigeria. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, questionnaire-based study of 556 parturients infected with HIV/AIDS. The mean age of the participants was 28.0±5.3 years. The infant feeding choices were made jointly by both partners (61.1%) in the antepartum period. The HIV status disclosure rate was 89.2%. A large proportion (91.7%) practiced exclusive breastfeeding with highly active antiretroviral therapy, and 7.6% practiced mixed feeding because of nonad...
The Government of Enugu State plans to offer free perinatal services at the primary health care (... more The Government of Enugu State plans to offer free perinatal services at the primary health care (PHC) centers in order to improve perinatal outcomes in the state, but it was not clear whether there are skilled birth attendants (SBAs) at the PHC level to implement the program. To determine whether there are sufficient numbers of SBAs in the public PHC system in Enugu State of Nigeria. This cross-sectional survey involved enumeration of health workers who worked at each public PHC facility in Enugu State and included verification of the qualifications and trainings of each health worker. Data analysis was performed with the help of Stata statistical package version 13 and results were presented in tables and as simple proportions. There were 55 nurses and no midwife or doctor in the 152 PHC clinics studied. This number represents 0.36 nurses per health facility or about 9% (i.e., 55/608) of a minimum of 608 SBAs required for 24-h perinatal services at the 152 PHC clinics. There were 1...
The Government of Enugu State plans to offer free perinatal services at the primary health care (... more The Government of Enugu State plans to offer free perinatal services at the primary health care (PHC) centers in order to improve perinatal outcomes in the state, but it was not clear whether there are skilled birth attendants (SBAs) at the PHC level to implement the program. To determine whether there are sufficient numbers of SBAs in the public PHC system in Enugu State of Nigeria. This cross-sectional survey involved enumeration of health workers who worked at each public PHC facility in Enugu State and included verification of the qualifications and trainings of each health worker. Data analysis was performed with the help of Stata statistical package version 13 and results were presented in tables and as simple proportions. There were 55 nurses and no midwife or doctor in the 152 PHC clinics studied. This number represents 0.36 nurses per health facility or about 9% (i.e., 55/608) of a minimum of 608 SBAs required for 24-h perinatal services at the 152 PHC clinics. There were 1...
Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, Jan 14, 2013
Background:Renal insufficiency has been shown to be a significant, independent risk factor for mo... more Background:Renal insufficiency has been shown to be a significant, independent risk factor for mortality among HIV-infected patients. Unfortunately, little is known about the prevalence and nature of renal impairment in African populations initiating antiretroviral treatment. This study aims to find the prevalence of abnormal renal function among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive, HIV-infected patients in the South Eastern geopolitical zone of Nigeria.Method:This is a cross-sectional hospital-based study, involving 300 ART-naive HIV-positive patients, seen over a 1-year period, aged from 18 years and older, presenting to the clinic for the first time.Results:A total of 300 patients were included in the study, 104 (34.7%) males and 196 (65.3%) females. The prevalence of significant renal disease was 24.3% (73 of 300), while 38.3% (115 of 300) had mild renal impairment. Using logistic regression, age, CD4 count, urea, creatinine, and hemoglobin were significantly associated with rena...
Global and national efforts in the 21st century are directed toward the elimination of new pediat... more Global and national efforts in the 21st century are directed toward the elimination of new pediatric HIV infections through evidence-based infant feeding interventions for the prevention of mother-to-child-transmission, with patient preference, motivation, and adherence identified as key factors for success. This study assessed the challenges faced by HIV-infected parturients in adhering to the national infant feeding recommendations and their infant feeding preference for prevention of mother-to-child transmission in South East Nigeria. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, questionnaire-based study of 556 parturients infected with HIV/AIDS. The mean age of the participants was 28.0±5.3 years. The infant feeding choices were made jointly by both partners (61.1%) in the antepartum period. The HIV status disclosure rate was 89.2%. A large proportion (91.7%) practiced exclusive breastfeeding with highly active antiretroviral therapy, and 7.6% practiced mixed feeding because of nonad...
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Papers by Peter Nkwo