Sindia. Un territorio, una storia. Editors: A. Mastino, L. Lai, G.F. Rosa, M.A. Sanna, P. Secchi, 2018
Il Ponte Òinu è ubicato nell’attuale confine comunale tra Sindia, Pozzomaggiore e Semestene.
Si ... more Il Ponte Òinu è ubicato nell’attuale confine comunale tra Sindia, Pozzomaggiore e Semestene.
Si tratta di un ponte tradizionalmente ritenuto di fabbricazione romana.
Esso è attualmente costituito da tre arcate che consentono di attraversare il Rio Mannu (o Rio de Planu de Murtas).
La struttura muraria è in pessimo stato di conservazione e si presenta avvolta da fitta vegetazione, quale l’edera, che si avvinghia e affonda le radici negli interstizi tra pietra e pietra. Inoltre, in diversi punti, le pile sono lacunose di blocchi di appoggio basali e un’arcata è interessata da un crollo parziale della volta.
Il presente contributo intende presentare alcune osservazioni e misurazioni effettuate sulla struttura muraria tra la primavera e l’estate 2016. Le osservazioni, e le conseguenti interpretazioni, sono preliminari e parziali a causa della vegetazione che condiziona la leggibilità dell’opera muraria. Tuttavia, questo studio consente di formulare alcune ipotesi e di ribadire l’importanza della struttura monumentale che, fino a metà dell’Ottocento, era ancora transitabile e costituiva un importante snodo viario del territorio.
La frammentarietà e la provvisorietà delle ipotesi potranno essere confermate o riformulate qualora venisse eseguito un auspicabile intervento conservativo.
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Videos by Laura Lai
Davanti al nuraghe si trovano i ruderi del villaggio di capanne circolari e due tombe di giganti.
L'area archeologica, dichiarata di interesse culturale nel 1962, è gestita dalla Cooperativa LIBER di Buddusò.
3D modelling and reconstruction of the megalithic building "Nuraghe Loelle" built in Sardinia during the Bronze Age (Nuragic Civilization). In front of the nuraghe there are the nuragic village and two collective tombs (tombe di giganti, giants tombs).
The archaeological area is located near Buddusò along the road no.389; it’s managed by the Cooperativa LIBER.
Il video è parte di un progetto della Coop. LIBER, finanziato con i fondi del Bando CultureLAB della Regione Sardegna, 2019.
Musica: Inspiring Orchestral Cinematic Epic Movie by Colorofmusic (CC BY-ND-NC), Airiness by Paul Werner (CC BY-NC-SA)
E' ubicato in prossimità di Monte Senes (862 m s.l.m.) lungo una via di comunicazione naturale che in antico, utilizzando i valichi, collegava due fertili vallate solcate dal fiume Cedrino a meridione e dal rio Siniscola a settentrione. Entrambe le valli costituivano importanti direttrici per i collegamenti fra la costa e l'interno dell'Isola. Il santuario è composto da una area sacra che comprende il tempio con temenos e una struttura circolare. Poco più a valle si trova la fonte sacra di Su Notante.
The nuragic sanctuary of Janna 'e Pruna is located in the municipality of Irgoli (Nuoro, Sardinia).
It lies close to the mount Senes along a natural path that, in ancient times, has linked two fertile valleys through the mountain passes. Both valleys were important ways to reach the internal territories of the Island from the coast. The sanctuary consists of a sacred area which includes the temple with “temenos” and a circular structure. Little below this area there is the sacred spring of Su Notante.
Organiser: Comune di Irgoli (NU)
Execution: Archaeologist Laura Lai - DipNET, University of Sassari (Prof. S. Dettori)
Partner: Soprintendenza Archeologia della Sardegna (sede di Nuoro)
Sponsor: Fondazione Banco di Sardegna (2014)
Music: The Thunderstorm by Karstenholymoly (ft. morgantj), CC BY-NC 3.0
Books by Laura Lai
Il volume raccoglie i contributi presentati in occasione del Convegno svoltosi il 10 settembre 2016 e offre un quadro approfondito del patrimonio paesaggistico e culturale del territorio di Sindia.
Ricca la sezione che riunisce gli scatti del concorso fotografico organizzato in concomitanza con il convegno e le immagini storiche tratte dagli archivi di alcune famiglie locali dalle quali riemergono il duro lavoro di cava, oppure negli ovili e nella trebbiatura del grano, il lavoro delle donne, le tradizioni popolari, i matrimoni, le feste religiose e laiche, i costumi e l’abbigliamento che si evolve nel tempo, le confraternite, il tempo libero, i giochi, la musica, l’associazionismo, lo sport.
The event, organized and promoted by the branches of Cagliari and Sassari of ADI, the Association of Italian PhD Candidates and PhD Researchers, during its second edition has involved 140 researchers from 24 different departments of 5 Italian and foreign universities. The 87 papers presented in this volume are divided into six thematic sessions that explore, with an interdisciplinary approach, some of the most important issues for the development and growth of the territory: energetic efficiency and sustainability; sciences and applied technologies; culture and economy of nutrition; environment and landscape; history and identity of the places; democracy and social equality.
This work, in fact, aims to enlarge the knowledge shared by diverse scientific sectors and academic disciplines, as well as to contribute to the spreading among the civil society, the institutions and the private companies, of the results of the scientific research produced by young researchers, showing their potential for the economical and socio-cultural development of Sardinia.
Papers by Laura Lai
The aim of the research is the study of the ruins of many rural churches using some technologies, like 3D reliefs and a Geographic Information System (GIS). The churches are distributed throughout the lower valley of the Cedrino river, a hilly zone located in the central east coast of the island of Sardinia. The territory considers Loculi, Irgoli, Onifai, Galtellì, and Orosei municipalities. Most of these churches have been built during the medieval period, which makes it possible to estimate the human medieval settlement and to make a complete documentation of each church.
Until today none of circa 20 sites has ever been investigated from an archaeological study. The research has provided a multi-scale study: from artefacts to landscape. The detailed scale has consisted in reading the masonry structures preserved and making an analytic documentation of buildings using 3D reliefs, where possible; the regional scale has been studied by storing data in a GIS and using those data for territorial analyses.
The application of the three-dimensionality in the study of historical buildings is still relatively new. In order to resolve critical issues related to the methodology required in the archaeological-architectonic studies, further investigations are still necessary. In recent years, the development of 3D models in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage showed a growing trend, but in several cases during the data collection, as well as the historical analysis, archaeological knowledge is lacking. The information obtained from 3D models is limited to visualizations and virtual reconstruction. In this research, both the interior and the exterior of a selected sacred building have been surveyed by an integrated approach using a terrestrial laser scanner and photogrammetry. The use of multiple techniques was an essential requirement to produce complete 3D models of monuments, but also it was the best compromise among geometric resolution, costs, and time. Other monument have been documented by a photogrammetric approach called Structure from Motion. These models have been used to develop and verify the interpretations and archaeological analyses through the possibility to carry out geometric measurements, correlate surfaces with volumes, visualize the relation between inner and external walls. Finally, we have elaborated technical drawings for very high-precision documentation.
All of the archaeological data collected during the surveys have been stored in the GIS to create an archive that can be connected to existing databases and implemented with data from different sources, such as information from surveys in remote-sensing landscapes archaeology and computerization of data from previous studies.
The knowledge acquired will be the basis for the realization of preserving proposals and the enhancement of the cultural resource of “rural churches” involving and making local communities aware in its own history.
Si tratta di un ponte tradizionalmente ritenuto di fabbricazione romana.
Esso è attualmente costituito da tre arcate che consentono di attraversare il Rio Mannu (o Rio de Planu de Murtas).
La struttura muraria è in pessimo stato di conservazione e si presenta avvolta da fitta vegetazione, quale l’edera, che si avvinghia e affonda le radici negli interstizi tra pietra e pietra. Inoltre, in diversi punti, le pile sono lacunose di blocchi di appoggio basali e un’arcata è interessata da un crollo parziale della volta.
Il presente contributo intende presentare alcune osservazioni e misurazioni effettuate sulla struttura muraria tra la primavera e l’estate 2016. Le osservazioni, e le conseguenti interpretazioni, sono preliminari e parziali a causa della vegetazione che condiziona la leggibilità dell’opera muraria. Tuttavia, questo studio consente di formulare alcune ipotesi e di ribadire l’importanza della struttura monumentale che, fino a metà dell’Ottocento, era ancora transitabile e costituiva un importante snodo viario del territorio.
La frammentarietà e la provvisorietà delle ipotesi potranno essere confermate o riformulate qualora venisse eseguito un auspicabile intervento conservativo.
In recent years, 3D modelling and 3D survey in Cultural Heritage have a significant part in archaeological and architectural research. The improvement in technologies, software and hardware are leading a qualitative and quantitative enhancement for 3D documentation. However, in the opinion of authors, communication and scientific dissemination are essential to involve communities in the knowledge of cultural heritage in order to enhance the awareness of own past and history. In this paper, we intend to show a good practice that, in addition to the specialized study, supports the dissemination of results to the public using the 3D models realized during the archaeological documentation phases. In fact, 3D data can be used to create multimedia, video, virtual tours and other similar products that make scientific aspects easy to understand for non-specialists public. The case study is the Nuragic Sanctuary Janna 'e Pruna in the territory of Irgoli (Nuoro, Sardinia). In the research project, we planned to realize two dissemination products at the end of the scientific study. The 3D photorealistic sanctuary, obtained from a photogrammetric technique, has been integrated into a navigable descriptive sheet called PDF3D and it has been used to make a short virtual tour that leads visitors to " explore " the sacred area of Janna 'e Pruna.
The work is related with reality-based 3D modelling and monument analysis. In this project we stressed the importance to use 3D technologies as a tool to improve archaeological research and to increase the production of information from archaeological data to 4D analysis and interpretation. The object of our research is a “nuraghe”, a typical megalithic monument built only in Sardinia during the Bronze Age. The building, called Nuraghe Oes, is composed of one main tower and a basement – similar to a bastion – with two smaller towers; it shows peculiar features both in the internal and the external shape and it is well preserved. This project is related with the first season of stratigraphic excavation: after this, we have performed a 3D survey of the entire monument using an integrated approach. We used a TOF laser scanner for a massive data collection of the external and some internal parts of the monument and, overcoming instrument and accessibility limits, we integrated the data using image-based modelling. All datasets have been aligned in a dedicated software in order to produce a complete mesh. After the mesh editing, the model has been textured using HDR images. The high resolution and accuracy of the 3D model allowed us to highlight interesting details in construction techniques and, together with a structural comparison with other nuraghi, to esteem the original height of the main tower. Furthermore, we performed volumetric analysis to esteem the capacity of the stones collapsed inside the main tower for making hypothesis about the ancient/original aspect. Lastly, using information collected during a visual survey of the walls and the 3D analysis, we have been able to map some structural issues of the monument, like cracks or disruptions in the stones and in the masonry. All these analysis are useful to plan further stratigraphic interventions both from time and costing points of view, and to monitor the health of the nuraghe over time.
Davanti al nuraghe si trovano i ruderi del villaggio di capanne circolari e due tombe di giganti.
L'area archeologica, dichiarata di interesse culturale nel 1962, è gestita dalla Cooperativa LIBER di Buddusò.
3D modelling and reconstruction of the megalithic building "Nuraghe Loelle" built in Sardinia during the Bronze Age (Nuragic Civilization). In front of the nuraghe there are the nuragic village and two collective tombs (tombe di giganti, giants tombs).
The archaeological area is located near Buddusò along the road no.389; it’s managed by the Cooperativa LIBER.
Il video è parte di un progetto della Coop. LIBER, finanziato con i fondi del Bando CultureLAB della Regione Sardegna, 2019.
Musica: Inspiring Orchestral Cinematic Epic Movie by Colorofmusic (CC BY-ND-NC), Airiness by Paul Werner (CC BY-NC-SA)
E' ubicato in prossimità di Monte Senes (862 m s.l.m.) lungo una via di comunicazione naturale che in antico, utilizzando i valichi, collegava due fertili vallate solcate dal fiume Cedrino a meridione e dal rio Siniscola a settentrione. Entrambe le valli costituivano importanti direttrici per i collegamenti fra la costa e l'interno dell'Isola. Il santuario è composto da una area sacra che comprende il tempio con temenos e una struttura circolare. Poco più a valle si trova la fonte sacra di Su Notante.
The nuragic sanctuary of Janna 'e Pruna is located in the municipality of Irgoli (Nuoro, Sardinia).
It lies close to the mount Senes along a natural path that, in ancient times, has linked two fertile valleys through the mountain passes. Both valleys were important ways to reach the internal territories of the Island from the coast. The sanctuary consists of a sacred area which includes the temple with “temenos” and a circular structure. Little below this area there is the sacred spring of Su Notante.
Organiser: Comune di Irgoli (NU)
Execution: Archaeologist Laura Lai - DipNET, University of Sassari (Prof. S. Dettori)
Partner: Soprintendenza Archeologia della Sardegna (sede di Nuoro)
Sponsor: Fondazione Banco di Sardegna (2014)
Music: The Thunderstorm by Karstenholymoly (ft. morgantj), CC BY-NC 3.0
Il volume raccoglie i contributi presentati in occasione del Convegno svoltosi il 10 settembre 2016 e offre un quadro approfondito del patrimonio paesaggistico e culturale del territorio di Sindia.
Ricca la sezione che riunisce gli scatti del concorso fotografico organizzato in concomitanza con il convegno e le immagini storiche tratte dagli archivi di alcune famiglie locali dalle quali riemergono il duro lavoro di cava, oppure negli ovili e nella trebbiatura del grano, il lavoro delle donne, le tradizioni popolari, i matrimoni, le feste religiose e laiche, i costumi e l’abbigliamento che si evolve nel tempo, le confraternite, il tempo libero, i giochi, la musica, l’associazionismo, lo sport.
The event, organized and promoted by the branches of Cagliari and Sassari of ADI, the Association of Italian PhD Candidates and PhD Researchers, during its second edition has involved 140 researchers from 24 different departments of 5 Italian and foreign universities. The 87 papers presented in this volume are divided into six thematic sessions that explore, with an interdisciplinary approach, some of the most important issues for the development and growth of the territory: energetic efficiency and sustainability; sciences and applied technologies; culture and economy of nutrition; environment and landscape; history and identity of the places; democracy and social equality.
This work, in fact, aims to enlarge the knowledge shared by diverse scientific sectors and academic disciplines, as well as to contribute to the spreading among the civil society, the institutions and the private companies, of the results of the scientific research produced by young researchers, showing their potential for the economical and socio-cultural development of Sardinia.
The aim of the research is the study of the ruins of many rural churches using some technologies, like 3D reliefs and a Geographic Information System (GIS). The churches are distributed throughout the lower valley of the Cedrino river, a hilly zone located in the central east coast of the island of Sardinia. The territory considers Loculi, Irgoli, Onifai, Galtellì, and Orosei municipalities. Most of these churches have been built during the medieval period, which makes it possible to estimate the human medieval settlement and to make a complete documentation of each church.
Until today none of circa 20 sites has ever been investigated from an archaeological study. The research has provided a multi-scale study: from artefacts to landscape. The detailed scale has consisted in reading the masonry structures preserved and making an analytic documentation of buildings using 3D reliefs, where possible; the regional scale has been studied by storing data in a GIS and using those data for territorial analyses.
The application of the three-dimensionality in the study of historical buildings is still relatively new. In order to resolve critical issues related to the methodology required in the archaeological-architectonic studies, further investigations are still necessary. In recent years, the development of 3D models in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage showed a growing trend, but in several cases during the data collection, as well as the historical analysis, archaeological knowledge is lacking. The information obtained from 3D models is limited to visualizations and virtual reconstruction. In this research, both the interior and the exterior of a selected sacred building have been surveyed by an integrated approach using a terrestrial laser scanner and photogrammetry. The use of multiple techniques was an essential requirement to produce complete 3D models of monuments, but also it was the best compromise among geometric resolution, costs, and time. Other monument have been documented by a photogrammetric approach called Structure from Motion. These models have been used to develop and verify the interpretations and archaeological analyses through the possibility to carry out geometric measurements, correlate surfaces with volumes, visualize the relation between inner and external walls. Finally, we have elaborated technical drawings for very high-precision documentation.
All of the archaeological data collected during the surveys have been stored in the GIS to create an archive that can be connected to existing databases and implemented with data from different sources, such as information from surveys in remote-sensing landscapes archaeology and computerization of data from previous studies.
The knowledge acquired will be the basis for the realization of preserving proposals and the enhancement of the cultural resource of “rural churches” involving and making local communities aware in its own history.
Si tratta di un ponte tradizionalmente ritenuto di fabbricazione romana.
Esso è attualmente costituito da tre arcate che consentono di attraversare il Rio Mannu (o Rio de Planu de Murtas).
La struttura muraria è in pessimo stato di conservazione e si presenta avvolta da fitta vegetazione, quale l’edera, che si avvinghia e affonda le radici negli interstizi tra pietra e pietra. Inoltre, in diversi punti, le pile sono lacunose di blocchi di appoggio basali e un’arcata è interessata da un crollo parziale della volta.
Il presente contributo intende presentare alcune osservazioni e misurazioni effettuate sulla struttura muraria tra la primavera e l’estate 2016. Le osservazioni, e le conseguenti interpretazioni, sono preliminari e parziali a causa della vegetazione che condiziona la leggibilità dell’opera muraria. Tuttavia, questo studio consente di formulare alcune ipotesi e di ribadire l’importanza della struttura monumentale che, fino a metà dell’Ottocento, era ancora transitabile e costituiva un importante snodo viario del territorio.
La frammentarietà e la provvisorietà delle ipotesi potranno essere confermate o riformulate qualora venisse eseguito un auspicabile intervento conservativo.
In recent years, 3D modelling and 3D survey in Cultural Heritage have a significant part in archaeological and architectural research. The improvement in technologies, software and hardware are leading a qualitative and quantitative enhancement for 3D documentation. However, in the opinion of authors, communication and scientific dissemination are essential to involve communities in the knowledge of cultural heritage in order to enhance the awareness of own past and history. In this paper, we intend to show a good practice that, in addition to the specialized study, supports the dissemination of results to the public using the 3D models realized during the archaeological documentation phases. In fact, 3D data can be used to create multimedia, video, virtual tours and other similar products that make scientific aspects easy to understand for non-specialists public. The case study is the Nuragic Sanctuary Janna 'e Pruna in the territory of Irgoli (Nuoro, Sardinia). In the research project, we planned to realize two dissemination products at the end of the scientific study. The 3D photorealistic sanctuary, obtained from a photogrammetric technique, has been integrated into a navigable descriptive sheet called PDF3D and it has been used to make a short virtual tour that leads visitors to " explore " the sacred area of Janna 'e Pruna.
The work is related with reality-based 3D modelling and monument analysis. In this project we stressed the importance to use 3D technologies as a tool to improve archaeological research and to increase the production of information from archaeological data to 4D analysis and interpretation. The object of our research is a “nuraghe”, a typical megalithic monument built only in Sardinia during the Bronze Age. The building, called Nuraghe Oes, is composed of one main tower and a basement – similar to a bastion – with two smaller towers; it shows peculiar features both in the internal and the external shape and it is well preserved. This project is related with the first season of stratigraphic excavation: after this, we have performed a 3D survey of the entire monument using an integrated approach. We used a TOF laser scanner for a massive data collection of the external and some internal parts of the monument and, overcoming instrument and accessibility limits, we integrated the data using image-based modelling. All datasets have been aligned in a dedicated software in order to produce a complete mesh. After the mesh editing, the model has been textured using HDR images. The high resolution and accuracy of the 3D model allowed us to highlight interesting details in construction techniques and, together with a structural comparison with other nuraghi, to esteem the original height of the main tower. Furthermore, we performed volumetric analysis to esteem the capacity of the stones collapsed inside the main tower for making hypothesis about the ancient/original aspect. Lastly, using information collected during a visual survey of the walls and the 3D analysis, we have been able to map some structural issues of the monument, like cracks or disruptions in the stones and in the masonry. All these analysis are useful to plan further stratigraphic interventions both from time and costing points of view, and to monitor the health of the nuraghe over time.
dalla chiesa romanica di Sant'Alberto, adagiata su un pianoro isolato sul Montalceto in territorio di Asciano (Siena). Dal punto di vista degli autori, l'obiettivo primario nella documentazione 3D di edifici storici è di migliorare la comprensione dei monumenti e in generale di promuovere la conoscenza archeologica. In questo processo un ruolo fondamentale è giocato dalle metodologie della disciplina “Archeologia dell'Architettura” con l'ausilio di tecniche di rilievo laser scanning.
The research is focused on 3D modelling applied to Archaeology of Architecture. The case study is the church of Sant'Alberto, Asciano (Siena). Both the interior and exterior were deepened using a terrestrial laser scanner and high resolution images were acquired to create a photorealistic model. This has been the basis for archaeological analysis allowing to carry out geometric measurements, to fragment the building in constructive phases, to instantly put in relation inner/external walls, and also to extrapolate CAD drawings. The data of the study and the model were imported into GIS environment for querying about material and constructive technique, and for disassembling/reassembling the monument on the basis of the constructive phases.
di una tesi di Master, presso la ATS - Archaeolandscapes
Tech & Survey, società spin-off dell'Università di Siena in
collaborazione con due laboratori dell'Università di Siena, il
laboratorio di Archeologia dell'Architettura e dell'Urbanistica
Medievale (LAAUM) e quello di Archeologia dei Paesaggi
e Telerilevamento (LAP&T). Il caso di studio è stato offerto
dalla chiesa romanica di Sant'Alberto, adagiata su un pianoro
isolato sul Montalceto in territorio di Asciano (Siena).
Dal punto di vista degli autori, l'obiettivo primario nella
documentazione 3D di edifici storici è di migliorare la
comprensione dei monumenti e in generale di promuovere
la conoscenza archeologica. In questo processo un ruolo
fondamentale è giocato dalle metodologie della disciplina
“Archeologia dell'Architettura” con l'ausilio di tecniche di
rilievo laser scanning.
consists of a sacred area which includes the temple with “temenos” and a circular structure, and, little below, the sacred spring of Su Notante. The 3D model (area ca. 800 sqm) has been modeled through the Structure from Motion technique (SfM) using a low-cost software and then it was imported into Blender, after a decimation process of the geometry. Thanks to this program, once setup various parameters, set
of three orthographic images have been exported (wireframe, solid and texture mode) in order to compose each technical drawing. Sections can be realized in multiple ways: we choose to use the Node Editor and a cutting plane within the rendering engines Cycles/Blender Render. Blender was also used to edit a short virtual tour for dissemination purposes. We animated a camera in a fixed path that allows us to appreciate all the walls of the monument and finally leads us into the temple. The video contains few useful information and an epic captivating free music (https: //youtu. be/v93_cNi6WRk).