Papers by Roberto Mordacci
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History of philosophy quarterly, Oct 1, 2023
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PubMed, 1998
The model of the physician as a caregiver and as a researcher has been given extensive attention ... more The model of the physician as a caregiver and as a researcher has been given extensive attention in the bioethical debate. There has been a transition in the last decades from the traditional idea of a physician inserted in the hippocratic ethos to a more technical and contractarian model; we contend that the latter fails to capture the essential features of the clinical encounter, in that its presuppositions are abstract and lead to unintended results. Other models have been proposed (beneficence, covenant, care) which seem to better fit the reality of the clinical encounter. In the experimental setting there is a particularly illuminating example of the type of relationship which we find more convincing.
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Medicina e morale, Dec 31, 1991
La ricerca clinica di nuove terapie per l'AIDS ha sollevato particolari problemi di natura et... more La ricerca clinica di nuove terapie per l'AIDS ha sollevato particolari problemi di natura etica, soprattutto negli Stati Uniti: l'esigenza di rendere disponibili in tempi rapidi terapie in grado almeno di estendere le prospettive di vita del paziente ha messo in discussione i criteri scientifici ed etici della vigente regolamentazione della sperimentazione dei farmaci. Un gruppo interdisciplinare di lavoro ha quindi cercato di indicare in una serie di raccomandazioni le basi per un nuovo consenso in questa complessa materia, pervenendo ad un documento di cui si pubblica la traduzione, qui introdotta e commentata per il lettore italiano.
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PubMed, Dec 1, 1993
The physician might happen to play a double role in the clinical setting when he is the caregiver... more The physician might happen to play a double role in the clinical setting when he is the caregiver as well as the researcher for a patient at the same time. The dynamics and the ethical profile of the two relationships caregiver-patient and researcher-subject are different, and conflicts might arise: while the main responsibility of the caregiver is directed towards the patient "here and now", the researcher has a primary responsibility for future patients, the scientific community and the society at large. It has been suggested that in the clinical setting the researcher, provided that all the requirements for the ethical conduct of an experimentation be respected, has an "autonomy-in-trust", i.e. a wide discretional space in the decision-making process. While agreeing with such a proposal to some extent, we suggest that a more active and deeper participation of subjects in the experimental process, through an ongoing consent and joint decision-making process, would help in overcoming many possible conflicts.
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PubMed, Mar 31, 2022
Introduction: The discontinuity between the high ideals of nursing education and real-world pract... more Introduction: The discontinuity between the high ideals of nursing education and real-world practice is a major cause of frustration, moral distress and burnout among the youngest, and pushes up to half nurses to change career within two years. These conditions are accentuated in the care of elderly patients with multiple chronic needs. Methods: A multidisciplinary team of nurses and philosophers investigated the chronic determinants of ethical issues in aged care nursing, building on insightful experiences from different institu-tional settings, in order to provide evidence for contextualized and patient-oriented professio-nal support. A scoping review protocol was employed at this purpose. Results: Most of the environmental and organizational deteminants of chronical ethical issues are out-side the control of nurses, and most of the relational ones follow as a result in both settings. Many of the them have been confirmed and further aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Discussion: Although there are not universal solutions to the issues described, still it is possible to distin-guish which determinants fall within the control of nurses, to help them prevent or manage their occurrence; and what are beyond, to help them avoid self-blame and transfer constructive information to those who can intervene. Conclusions: Education can help exercise critical thinking and communicate properly. However, once maximized team cooperation, orga-nizational efficiency and individual soft skills, diminishing room for improvement will be available at increasing human and financial costs. Improving the condition of nurses is an urgent political responsibility and requires a broader socio-cultural change.
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Springer eBooks, 2001
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Diogène, May 19, 2022
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Phenomenology and Mind, 2021
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Springer eBooks, 2015
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Medicina e Morale, 1991
La relazione fra il ricercatore e il volontario sano nella ricerca biomedica presenta caratterist... more La relazione fra il ricercatore e il volontario sano nella ricerca biomedica presenta caratteristiche diverse dalla relazione medico-paziente. Il profilo etico della partecipazione di tali soggetti alla sperimentazione rivela i connotati di un'esperienza in bilico fra disponibilità personale e disposizione materiale della corporeità. Vengono poi affrontati due problemi simmetrici connessi a tale prassi: se si possa parlare di obbligo morale alla disponibilità e se si possano porre limiti soggettivi e oggettivi a quest'ultima.
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Journal of Bioethical Inquiry
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Phenomenology and Mind, 2020
Our reproductive imaginaries have changed considerably in the XX century. This cultural change ca... more Our reproductive imaginaries have changed considerably in the XX century. This cultural change can
be described as a transition from Utopia to Dystopia. Plato imagined that in his perfect State women
and children were in common, and that adequately matched couples would yield a perfect breed. On the
contrary, Thomas More’s Utopia (1516) is based on a modern liberal view of the family, where divorce
is allowed and relationships are free. Tommaso Campanella’s The City of the Sun (1602) understands
relationships exactly in terms of a eugenic policy. Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis (1626) also conceives of
generation as a public good. Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1934) creates a vision of reproduction
as a total nightmare. The whole process of reproduction has been taken into control by an ideology. We
must distinguish liberal utopias from totalitarian ones, which evolve into dystopias.
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Il arrive frequemment, dans les debats sur l'ingenierie genetique, de rencontrer l'argume... more Il arrive frequemment, dans les debats sur l'ingenierie genetique, de rencontrer l'argument selon lequel toute modification du genome humain comporte des risques imprevisibles puisqu'elle peut etre le prelude a la mise en place d'une sorte de totalitarisme genetique. Il s'agit de l'argument dit de la pente glissante. Cet argument met en lumiere la necessite de redefinir notre rapport avec la notion de nature humaine
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Passions sociales, 2019
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Humana.Mente: Journal of Philosophical Studies, 2018
Enhancing cognition is a complex activity, for the sake of which humanity has developed a rich ar... more Enhancing cognition is a complex activity, for the sake of which humanity has developed a rich array of techniques and skills. We can distinguish between three categories: a) cognitive supports and education; b) neural cognitive enhancers: drugs and other ways to improve the functionality of cognitive neural networks; c) technological cognitive enhancers: implants, extended minds and technological supports variously integrated in the neural cognitive networks. Applying a version of the Parity Principle, I argue that there is no morally relevant difference in the three categories. What we want to preserve while using these techniques is not the biological status quo of the mind of persons, but rather personal identities. In this perspective, there can be no general objection to cognitive enhancement. Every technique, even very traditional ones, have their drawbacks, especially when they threaten to reduce the autonomy of agents in moulding their own personal identity.
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Medicina e Morale, 1994
In questo articolo, che sarà pubblicato in due parti su numeri diversi della rivista, viene propo... more In questo articolo, che sarà pubblicato in due parti su numeri diversi della rivista, viene proposta un'analisi del significato morale della ricerca biomedica, in vista di una caratterizzazione etica della situazione di chi partecipa come volontario alla sperirnentazione di farmaci, con particolare riferimento alla fase 1. A partire dalla considerazione della natura propria della ricerca biomedica, intesa come ricerca di un sapere orientato al miglioramento della capacità di curare i malati, il significato etico della partecipazione di pazienti o soggetti sani alla sperimentazione è descritto come "disponibilità" a contribuire agli sforzi fatti dal ricercatore biomedico per soccorrere chi soffre. A tale atteggiamento si contrappone quello di "disposizione" della corporeità da parte di chi (soggetto o ricercatore) la considera come puro oggetto su cui sperimentare o per mezzo della quale trarre vantaggio. L'analisi dei risultati di un breve sondaggio fra i...
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Papers by Roberto Mordacci
be described as a transition from Utopia to Dystopia. Plato imagined that in his perfect State women
and children were in common, and that adequately matched couples would yield a perfect breed. On the
contrary, Thomas More’s Utopia (1516) is based on a modern liberal view of the family, where divorce
is allowed and relationships are free. Tommaso Campanella’s The City of the Sun (1602) understands
relationships exactly in terms of a eugenic policy. Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis (1626) also conceives of
generation as a public good. Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1934) creates a vision of reproduction
as a total nightmare. The whole process of reproduction has been taken into control by an ideology. We
must distinguish liberal utopias from totalitarian ones, which evolve into dystopias.
be described as a transition from Utopia to Dystopia. Plato imagined that in his perfect State women
and children were in common, and that adequately matched couples would yield a perfect breed. On the
contrary, Thomas More’s Utopia (1516) is based on a modern liberal view of the family, where divorce
is allowed and relationships are free. Tommaso Campanella’s The City of the Sun (1602) understands
relationships exactly in terms of a eugenic policy. Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis (1626) also conceives of
generation as a public good. Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1934) creates a vision of reproduction
as a total nightmare. The whole process of reproduction has been taken into control by an ideology. We
must distinguish liberal utopias from totalitarian ones, which evolve into dystopias.
I co-editori Laura Cremonesi (Università di Pisa) e Orazio Irrera (Université Paris 8; Collège International de Philosophie) discuteranno con il prof. Roberto Mordacci e Antonio Moretti.