Quale rapporto sussiste tra il perturbante (das Unheimliche) e il politico (das Politische)? È po... more Quale rapporto sussiste tra il perturbante (das Unheimliche) e il politico (das Politische)? È possibile ritenere il primo il fondamento del secondo, anzi ciò che determina la formazione di istituzioni politiche? Tale questione viene affrontata nel presente contributo a partire da una disamina antropologica, seguendo soprattutto le indicazioni di H. Plessner sul rapporto tra potere e natura umana. Proprio nell’esame di questa congiunzione il perturbante, inteso con Freud come ciò che è rimosso ma costantemente torna, si dimostra un elemento decisivo per l’instaurarsi del rapporto agonistico tra amico e nemico. Inoltre la presa di distanze da Heidegger da parte di Plessner nell’utilizzo di questo concetto indica due percorsi ermeneutici opposti e chiarificatori riguardo la possibile politica rispetto a essi: per Plessner il perturbante dà il via all’articolarsi continuo di ricerche di equilibrio, ma in quanto tale è l’origine mai raggiungibile e sempre imperscrutabile, per Heidegger, invece, unheimlich è la dimensione più propria dell’essere che siamo, anche se continuamente occultata da sicurezze e paure mondane.
The aim of the contribution is to present and then question the thesis of Eugen Fink, Husserl’s l... more The aim of the contribution is to present and then question the thesis of Eugen Fink, Husserl’s last assistant and Heidegger’s student, on the inability of metaphysics to deal adequately with the problem of death. According to Fink, metaphysics, even though it sees the problem of death as its “existential” motive, is unable to transform it into its own object, since metaphysical concepts crumble in the face of the unspeakable power of death. The fatal difficulty of metaphysics consists, however, in the attempt to conceive death in “phenomenal” terms, that is, starting from the presence of the entity based on its individuation; in other words, metaphysical conceptualizations always confront the single thing at the root of the understanding of being as presence. The latter is divided into three fundamental moments: the rise between earth and sky of the entity in its presence; the revealing of things to man, an entity endowed with reason, and therefore the ever-human reference of the apparition of things; the placing of man at the centre of the totality of entities in time. But the philosophical understanding of death can offer us the opportunity to turn to a non- phenomenal dimension, that of absence, from which to fully understand the source moment of the evidence of things in their individuation.
The contribution will try to take into account the perspective shift which occurred in Martin Hei... more The contribution will try to take into account the perspective shift which occurred in Martin Heidegger’s thought in relation to the comprehensive ac- cess to the body, which took place in the passage from a horizontal-transcen- dental perspective to one marked by the encounter between the projection of Dasein and the jet of Being. The key to unlocking this new understanding is the concept of earth, which Heidegger develops, in the first instance, in his essay about The Origin of the Work of Art. The earth, in its contrast with the world, remains that ground, never completely accessible, that preserves and safeguards an hidden truth. The analysis of passages from the Contribu- tions to Philosophy and some pages of the Nietzsche lectures will confirm the proposed reading: the body, beyond any attempt to make it fully measurable and exploitable, remains inscrutable on the ground of feeling like a body, which must be allocated in the Dasein. This will lead Heidegger to connect the corporeality of being with the giving of space, that is, with the giving of the Lichtung of the truth of being.
The contribution aims to highlight the specificity and originality of theThe contribution aims to... more The contribution aims to highlight the specificity and originality of theThe contribution aims to highlight the specificity and originality of the interpretation of Martin Heidegger’s thought proposed over the years by Jean Greisch. A detailed and scrupulous reconstructive attention to the path taken by the philosopher from Meßkirch has been accompanied in Greisch’s publications by a productive interpretation dedicated to the first Fribourg courses, where the interpretative focus is concentrated on the status of the vie facticielle, as the node around which the young Heidegger’sphilosophical interest revolved. The analytics of Dasein, its existential constitution juxtaposed to the categories of the subject and of the metaphysics of presence remain for Greisch the terrain on which to confront and question the problem of the transcendental. However, the interpretative tension does not turn into mere Heideggerian scholasticism, but tries to highlight problematic issues, one example for all that emerges with the figure of the last God.
Educazione e formazione. Spunti di riflessione tra filosofia e pedagogia., 2022
l pensiero filosofico e pedagogico di Eugen Fink, ancora poco conosciuto in Italia, rappresenta u... more l pensiero filosofico e pedagogico di Eugen Fink, ancora poco conosciuto in Italia, rappresenta un sistema complesso, difficile da inquadrare nei canoni tradizionali, al punto da non rivelare immediatamente quella visione d’insieme che, muovendo dalla critica alla fenomenologia trascendentale di Husserl, fonda posizioni speculative originali, caratterizzate al tempo stesso da un’ermeneutica della storia della filosofia e da un’analitica dei fenomeni fondamentali dell’esistenza umana. Tra questi, senza dubbio l’educazione, su cui riflettere attraverso l’idea filosofica di una pedagogia cosmologica, in cui il fenomeno dell’educazione appare come un’interpretazione fondamentale della vita, una prospettiva che si apre al futuro in base alle interpretazioni che l’uomo dà della propria esistenza.
The Critique of the «Phrase» and the «Monumental» Theology · One hundred years ago, Martin Heideg... more The Critique of the «Phrase» and the «Monumental» Theology · One hundred years ago, Martin Heidegger wrote a text known as Natorp-Bericht in a few weeks, in which the intent to interpret Aristotle phenomenologically was preceded by an extremely interesting method- ological premise. The intent was, as the epigraph reveals, to ‘save’ life from the obviousness that philosophy, including philosophy that criticises such obviousness, runs into. Saving life also means paying due attention to those expressions of life in order to arrive at an adequate under- standing of the human being. For example, the proper meaning of the music and the architec- ture of the Middle Ages is accessible only through a profound interpretation of the ontological constitution of the human being. Starting from these assertions, the essay attempts to show in the second part how, in Bernhard Casper’s latest work, this hermeneutics of factical life is transformed into monumental theology, in an attempt to clarify the religious message present in works of art such as the glass paintings in Freiburg cathedral on the basis of a hermeneutics of factical life.
The usual interpretations of gestuality presuppose that a gesture accompanies the expressive acti... more The usual interpretations of gestuality presuppose that a gesture accompanies the expressive action, whereby it itself almost disappears, in order to make way for what the person gesturing wants to show as appertaining to his or her interiority. The intention of the present paper is to demonstrate how a gesture cannot be considered as something extraneous to thought, but belongs to the human posture in its being- in-the-world, and thus seamlessly gives rise to the manifestation of the self in the symbolic framework of reference to a common meaningful horizon. The gestuality of liturgy serves as a particularly noteworthy example of such a phenomenological- hermeneutic interpretation of gesture.
Oase des Glücks. Gedanken zu einer Ontologie des Spiels, 2023
L'assunto di base del saggio è che, soprattutto per quanto riguarda Fink, non è possibile compren... more L'assunto di base del saggio è che, soprattutto per quanto riguarda Fink, non è possibile comprendere appieno una funzione speculativa del gioco se non si considera come il "concetto di gioco" sia legato al metodo e allo scopo della filosofia fenomenologica. Il saggio intende proporre quindi una interpretazione del fenomeno del gioco inteso come epoché sia in una lezione di Martin Heidegger del 1928-29, Einleitung in die Philosophie, sia nel saggio ripubblicato in questa collana di Eugen Fink, Oase des Glücks.
Starting from the habit of a tribe in Australia, the contribution illustrates the characteris- ti... more Starting from the habit of a tribe in Australia, the contribution illustrates the characteris- tics of the organisation of space, public and private, in use in populations characterised by a religious vision. Juxtaposed to this attitude of living, the description of the burrow in Kafka’s short story is taken as a modern paradigm. To the openness between the various levels of the spatial realms of religious man, modern man contrasts his enclosure in a securitarian isola- tion. And yet the passivity of such a subject could provide a liberating way out.
The question that moves this essay is whether there is an opposite of power, which is not non-pow... more The question that moves this essay is whether there is an opposite of power, which is not non-power as a simple negation, but its opposite. If it is possible to fight against power without submitting to its essence. Poverty could be interpreted in this sense, as a form of conscious dispossession of the will to dominate.
LA TRASCENDENZA DEL LINGUAGGIO. Prospettive sulla filosofia della religione di Bernhard Casper, 2024
Il saggio intende esplicitare il significato di "Teologia monumentale", strumento euristico utili... more Il saggio intende esplicitare il significato di "Teologia monumentale", strumento euristico utilizzato dal teologo e filosofo Bernhard Casper per interpretare i monumenti artistici non in base a una volontà documentaristico-ricostruttiva, ma con l'intento di mettere in atto un confronto ermeneutico con l'esperienza propria dell'esserci nel suo venire dare risposte al problema esistenziale della mortalità.
Following the suggestions of a short story by Italo Calvino, the article asks what sense we can a... more Following the suggestions of a short story by Italo Calvino, the article asks what sense we can attribute to the name city today, considering that, starting from the teachings of Aristotle, all the paradigms proper to the Greek polis, the Roman civitas and the cities of the Middle Ages and modernity, seem ineffective to describe the megalopolises of our era. On the one hand there are those who, like J.L. Nancy, believe that the city is not because it never was, having deluded all its inhabitants into believing that they belong to an ontological type of community. On the other there are those who, like M. Hénaff, believe that even in the contemporary post-metropolis we can find a mode of being in communion of bodies.
Quale rapporto sussiste tra il perturbante (das Unheimliche) e il politico (das Politische)? È po... more Quale rapporto sussiste tra il perturbante (das Unheimliche) e il politico (das Politische)? È possibile ritenere il primo il fondamento del secondo, anzi ciò che determina la formazione di istituzioni politiche? Tale questione viene affrontata nel presente contributo a partire da una disamina antropologica, seguendo soprattutto le indicazioni di H. Plessner sul rapporto tra potere e natura umana. Proprio nell’esame di questa congiunzione il perturbante, inteso con Freud come ciò che è rimosso ma costantemente torna, si dimostra un elemento decisivo per l’instaurarsi del rapporto agonistico tra amico e nemico. Inoltre la presa di distanze da Heidegger da parte di Plessner nell’utilizzo di questo concetto indica due percorsi ermeneutici opposti e chiarificatori riguardo la possibile politica rispetto a essi: per Plessner il perturbante dà il via all’articolarsi continuo di ricerche di equilibrio, ma in quanto tale è l’origine mai raggiungibile e sempre imperscrutabile, per Heidegger, invece, unheimlich è la dimensione più propria dell’essere che siamo, anche se continuamente occultata da sicurezze e paure mondane.
The aim of the contribution is to present and then question the thesis of Eugen Fink, Husserl’s l... more The aim of the contribution is to present and then question the thesis of Eugen Fink, Husserl’s last assistant and Heidegger’s student, on the inability of metaphysics to deal adequately with the problem of death. According to Fink, metaphysics, even though it sees the problem of death as its “existential” motive, is unable to transform it into its own object, since metaphysical concepts crumble in the face of the unspeakable power of death. The fatal difficulty of metaphysics consists, however, in the attempt to conceive death in “phenomenal” terms, that is, starting from the presence of the entity based on its individuation; in other words, metaphysical conceptualizations always confront the single thing at the root of the understanding of being as presence. The latter is divided into three fundamental moments: the rise between earth and sky of the entity in its presence; the revealing of things to man, an entity endowed with reason, and therefore the ever-human reference of the apparition of things; the placing of man at the centre of the totality of entities in time. But the philosophical understanding of death can offer us the opportunity to turn to a non- phenomenal dimension, that of absence, from which to fully understand the source moment of the evidence of things in their individuation.
The contribution will try to take into account the perspective shift which occurred in Martin Hei... more The contribution will try to take into account the perspective shift which occurred in Martin Heidegger’s thought in relation to the comprehensive ac- cess to the body, which took place in the passage from a horizontal-transcen- dental perspective to one marked by the encounter between the projection of Dasein and the jet of Being. The key to unlocking this new understanding is the concept of earth, which Heidegger develops, in the first instance, in his essay about The Origin of the Work of Art. The earth, in its contrast with the world, remains that ground, never completely accessible, that preserves and safeguards an hidden truth. The analysis of passages from the Contribu- tions to Philosophy and some pages of the Nietzsche lectures will confirm the proposed reading: the body, beyond any attempt to make it fully measurable and exploitable, remains inscrutable on the ground of feeling like a body, which must be allocated in the Dasein. This will lead Heidegger to connect the corporeality of being with the giving of space, that is, with the giving of the Lichtung of the truth of being.
The contribution aims to highlight the specificity and originality of theThe contribution aims to... more The contribution aims to highlight the specificity and originality of theThe contribution aims to highlight the specificity and originality of the interpretation of Martin Heidegger’s thought proposed over the years by Jean Greisch. A detailed and scrupulous reconstructive attention to the path taken by the philosopher from Meßkirch has been accompanied in Greisch’s publications by a productive interpretation dedicated to the first Fribourg courses, where the interpretative focus is concentrated on the status of the vie facticielle, as the node around which the young Heidegger’sphilosophical interest revolved. The analytics of Dasein, its existential constitution juxtaposed to the categories of the subject and of the metaphysics of presence remain for Greisch the terrain on which to confront and question the problem of the transcendental. However, the interpretative tension does not turn into mere Heideggerian scholasticism, but tries to highlight problematic issues, one example for all that emerges with the figure of the last God.
Educazione e formazione. Spunti di riflessione tra filosofia e pedagogia., 2022
l pensiero filosofico e pedagogico di Eugen Fink, ancora poco conosciuto in Italia, rappresenta u... more l pensiero filosofico e pedagogico di Eugen Fink, ancora poco conosciuto in Italia, rappresenta un sistema complesso, difficile da inquadrare nei canoni tradizionali, al punto da non rivelare immediatamente quella visione d’insieme che, muovendo dalla critica alla fenomenologia trascendentale di Husserl, fonda posizioni speculative originali, caratterizzate al tempo stesso da un’ermeneutica della storia della filosofia e da un’analitica dei fenomeni fondamentali dell’esistenza umana. Tra questi, senza dubbio l’educazione, su cui riflettere attraverso l’idea filosofica di una pedagogia cosmologica, in cui il fenomeno dell’educazione appare come un’interpretazione fondamentale della vita, una prospettiva che si apre al futuro in base alle interpretazioni che l’uomo dà della propria esistenza.
The Critique of the «Phrase» and the «Monumental» Theology · One hundred years ago, Martin Heideg... more The Critique of the «Phrase» and the «Monumental» Theology · One hundred years ago, Martin Heidegger wrote a text known as Natorp-Bericht in a few weeks, in which the intent to interpret Aristotle phenomenologically was preceded by an extremely interesting method- ological premise. The intent was, as the epigraph reveals, to ‘save’ life from the obviousness that philosophy, including philosophy that criticises such obviousness, runs into. Saving life also means paying due attention to those expressions of life in order to arrive at an adequate under- standing of the human being. For example, the proper meaning of the music and the architec- ture of the Middle Ages is accessible only through a profound interpretation of the ontological constitution of the human being. Starting from these assertions, the essay attempts to show in the second part how, in Bernhard Casper’s latest work, this hermeneutics of factical life is transformed into monumental theology, in an attempt to clarify the religious message present in works of art such as the glass paintings in Freiburg cathedral on the basis of a hermeneutics of factical life.
The usual interpretations of gestuality presuppose that a gesture accompanies the expressive acti... more The usual interpretations of gestuality presuppose that a gesture accompanies the expressive action, whereby it itself almost disappears, in order to make way for what the person gesturing wants to show as appertaining to his or her interiority. The intention of the present paper is to demonstrate how a gesture cannot be considered as something extraneous to thought, but belongs to the human posture in its being- in-the-world, and thus seamlessly gives rise to the manifestation of the self in the symbolic framework of reference to a common meaningful horizon. The gestuality of liturgy serves as a particularly noteworthy example of such a phenomenological- hermeneutic interpretation of gesture.
Oase des Glücks. Gedanken zu einer Ontologie des Spiels, 2023
L'assunto di base del saggio è che, soprattutto per quanto riguarda Fink, non è possibile compren... more L'assunto di base del saggio è che, soprattutto per quanto riguarda Fink, non è possibile comprendere appieno una funzione speculativa del gioco se non si considera come il "concetto di gioco" sia legato al metodo e allo scopo della filosofia fenomenologica. Il saggio intende proporre quindi una interpretazione del fenomeno del gioco inteso come epoché sia in una lezione di Martin Heidegger del 1928-29, Einleitung in die Philosophie, sia nel saggio ripubblicato in questa collana di Eugen Fink, Oase des Glücks.
Starting from the habit of a tribe in Australia, the contribution illustrates the characteris- ti... more Starting from the habit of a tribe in Australia, the contribution illustrates the characteris- tics of the organisation of space, public and private, in use in populations characterised by a religious vision. Juxtaposed to this attitude of living, the description of the burrow in Kafka’s short story is taken as a modern paradigm. To the openness between the various levels of the spatial realms of religious man, modern man contrasts his enclosure in a securitarian isola- tion. And yet the passivity of such a subject could provide a liberating way out.
The question that moves this essay is whether there is an opposite of power, which is not non-pow... more The question that moves this essay is whether there is an opposite of power, which is not non-power as a simple negation, but its opposite. If it is possible to fight against power without submitting to its essence. Poverty could be interpreted in this sense, as a form of conscious dispossession of the will to dominate.
LA TRASCENDENZA DEL LINGUAGGIO. Prospettive sulla filosofia della religione di Bernhard Casper, 2024
Il saggio intende esplicitare il significato di "Teologia monumentale", strumento euristico utili... more Il saggio intende esplicitare il significato di "Teologia monumentale", strumento euristico utilizzato dal teologo e filosofo Bernhard Casper per interpretare i monumenti artistici non in base a una volontà documentaristico-ricostruttiva, ma con l'intento di mettere in atto un confronto ermeneutico con l'esperienza propria dell'esserci nel suo venire dare risposte al problema esistenziale della mortalità.
Following the suggestions of a short story by Italo Calvino, the article asks what sense we can a... more Following the suggestions of a short story by Italo Calvino, the article asks what sense we can attribute to the name city today, considering that, starting from the teachings of Aristotle, all the paradigms proper to the Greek polis, the Roman civitas and the cities of the Middle Ages and modernity, seem ineffective to describe the megalopolises of our era. On the one hand there are those who, like J.L. Nancy, believe that the city is not because it never was, having deluded all its inhabitants into believing that they belong to an ontological type of community. On the other there are those who, like M. Hénaff, believe that even in the contemporary post-metropolis we can find a mode of being in communion of bodies.
Il lavoro intende ricostruire la fenomenologia dell’abitare che Martin Heidegger ha proposto in v... more Il lavoro intende ricostruire la fenomenologia dell’abitare che Martin Heidegger ha proposto in vari suoi scritti. L’uomo, nel suo essere storico, dispiega la sua esistenza nella forma dell’abitare. È dunque tra le pieghe di tale fenomeno, nel suo gioco spazio-temporale, che va cercata la modalità originaria dell’umano. Una fenomenologia dell’abitare è possibile però esclusivamente in forma rapsodica, cercando di evidenziare innanzitutto il metodo grazie al quale tale fenomeno può venire alla luce. L’indicazione formale, la formale Anzeige, con la distinzione nei suoi vari momenti euristici, rappresenta infatti il primo momento per comprendere l’accesso ai fenomeni da parte della fenomenologia ermeneutica di Heidegger. In un secondo momento il lavoro cerca di acquisire un concetto di terra e di spazio, lontano da naturalizzazioni estranee all’umano, per mostrare come l’abitare si configuri su tali elementi basilari. Dopo aver guadagnato un terreno su cui poter inserire l’analisi dell’abitare, il lavoro prova a declinare le varie modalità di tale fenomeno, cercando di evidenziare quindi la modalità dell’essere-con, il rapporto con i divini, il rapporto con la propria terra-patria, ed anche con la propria lingua.
Written by four hands, the current volume moves on two planes that fruitfully intersect and somet... more Written by four hands, the current volume moves on two planes that fruitfully intersect and sometimes conflict in their interpretations. On the one hand, Petar Bojanić proposes that gestures are not parasitic of social acts but instead constitute a supporting element. From this interpretative angle, gestures contribute to the constitution of a group or institution. On the other hand, Virgilio Cesarone first presents a phenomenology of gesture, showing that non-instrumental gestural expression, which refers to the constitution of another’s body as alter ego, is truly human. Furthermore, gesture shows its essentiality precisely at the moment when it serves no purpose. He thus proposes a hermeneutics of gesture, aiming to show that gesture cannot be considered an accessory and expressive element of a thought that is inwardly closed, but part of a thought that moves with the hand itself.
Perché concentrarsi ancora sul pensiero di Martin Heidegger oggi, all’indomani delle pesanti accu... more Perché concentrarsi ancora sul pensiero di Martin Heidegger oggi, all’indomani delle pesanti accuse di antisemitismo rivolte alla sua persona, se non al suo pensiero? Perché la radicalità del suo interrogare, e la forza del suo meditare, offrono tuttora indicazioni significative per la ricerca filosofica, mostrando che molte delle questioni chiave del Novecento attendono di essere discusse ed esaminate daccapo. Questa raccolta di saggi ne intende affrontare alcune: quella del linguaggio, quella della domanda sull’essere umano, quella dell’esperienza religiosa e quella della dimensione politica, alla quale si è rivolta l’attenzione di molti interpreti negli ultimi anni. Nel ricostruire e interpretare il suo pensiero, il presente lavoro tenta altresì di pensare insieme a esso, non sottacendo contraddizioni e ambiguità, e tuttavia riconoscendone sempre le evidenze di grandezza.
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