Amalia Călinescu

With the widespread integration of smartphones, computers, and the internet, information access and processing have undergone significant changes. This paper investigates both positive and negative implications, acknowledging the extension of cognitive capacities through easy access to vast databases and external memory aids while also addressing concerns about diminished memory consolidation and reliance on shallow encoding strategies. Examining the interdisciplinary field of memory studies, the study also highlights collaborative efforts among scholars in psychology, neuroscience, sociology, and information science to comprehend the impact of digital technologies on memory, and emphasizes the challenges and future directions in memory research, including issues like digital amnesia, information overload, and privacy concerns. Overall, the paper underscores the need for understanding the relationship between human memory and digital tools, enabling the development of strategies to enhance memory, counteract potential adverse effects, and promote a balanced utilization of digital resources in memory-related tasks.

After exploring different theories of teaching and learning ESL/EFL writing, along with successful models of writing courses and instructional methods, this study investigates the internal complexity of ESL/EFL writing at the tertiary level, as well as the contributing factors in students' writing performance. The characteristics of different types of language learners are identified in conjunction with the plasticity and lateralization of the bilingual brain and the critical period hypothesis. The study also delves into certain biases and heuristics while it analyzes Kahneman's System 1 and 2 of thinking and various personality theories in order to determine students' innate abilities to excel in ESL/EFL writing tasks. Furthermore, the paper elucidates the importance of psychological equivalence in the writing process with the help of Pym's translation theories, and explains students' interconnectedness through Berne's transactional analysis and the ego states of each personality. By integrating neuropsychological perspectives with established pedagogical approaches, such as the scaffolding, product, process, genre and grammar-translation techniques, the article offers a holistic framework for educators and policymakers to enhance ESL/EFL writing instruction, and ultimately proposes future research directions for a better understanding of ESL/EFL students' needs.

The article presents a multidimensional analysis of trauma. The socio-physiological approach in the first part sets the stage for underlining the role of integrative psychotherapy in addressing traumatic wounds. Drawing from different fields, the study then provides Kazuo Ishiguro's psychoanalytic approach to understanding the relationship between trauma and human existence, with a particular focus on the interplay between memory, identity and chronic emotional disturbances. The study thus explores how fiction can serve as a therapeutic tool, giving voice to characters who either embark on healing journeys or try to conceal their unhealed wounds within self-contained worlds. Through existential parables, therapeutic fiction can delve into the psychological implications of traumas, offering the possibility of acceptance, or even healing, despite the immutable nature of the past. Ultimately, this interdisciplinary analysis aims to deepen one's understanding of trauma's impact on individuals and society while it highlights the potential for healing and growth in real life through the worlds of fiction.

Stigma and discrimination have a profound psychological and societal impact on individuals living with HIV/AIDS and their communities. This research offers an in-depth exploration of these challenges, drawing insights from a vast array of sources, such as articles, books, films, documentaries, websites, reports, resolutions, and famous stories. In order to provide valuable insights into building resilience and fostering supportive environments, the study simultaneously examines the coping mechanisms and strategies employed by the infected, as depicted in the literature used therein. The example of Miha, a young woman who faced societal biases despite her achievements, serves as a poignant reminder of the many sad narratives behind the statistics. This paper ultimately emphasizes the urgent need for continued efforts in awareness, education, and advocacy of combating HIV/AIDSrelated stigma and discrimination, and culminates in a call for collective action, empathy, and a shared vision of an inclusive world.

Time, an enigmatic force that governs the progression of life, remains a complex and elusive concept in human understanding. The inexorable movement from order to disorder, governed by entropy, gives rise to the forward orientation of the time arrow, defining the separation between past, present, and future. With change and transformation as fundamental markers of time's passage, the human mind primarily perceives a distorted version of temporality. Einstein's theories of relativity hint at the existence of a fourth dimension, spacetime, while quantum mechanics suggests a unified basis of existence with varying degrees of complexity across different systems. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of time, aiming to reconcile biblical and spiritual timescapes with prevailing scientific and psychological theories that have shaped the human world. Additionally, drawing on Kazuo Ishiguro's novel, The Buried Giant, the study delves into the theme of temporal impairment in characters while exploring the Christian concept of forgiveness as a means to pave the way for a peaceful future. By considering the distorted nature of time from multiple viewpoints, this interdisciplinary approach seeks to impart a valuable lesson to humankind. Embracing time distortion with an open heart can thus serve as a powerful tool for preserving human sanity and guiding choices, decisions, and actions in the right direction. This, in turn, enables individuals to harness the passage of time and restore their own temporality to a healthier perspective. Through this investigation, the paper provides a multifaceted dimension of time and its profound impact on the human experience.

Time's elusive and enigmatic nature becomes evident when examining its diverse conceptualizations across fields, from cyclical rhythms to linear progression and quantum manifestation. While in Einsteinian physics time intertwines with space to form spacetime, revolutionizing the view of the Universe, the human perception of time involves a complex interplay of psychological factors, influencing memories, decision-making, and well-being. Literature has also embraced time as a central theme, transcending reality and exploring temporal distortion. This study takes a comprehensive journey through the intricate and multi-dimensional nature of a concept so deeply embedded in the human experience. Drawing insights from temporal science, psychology, spirituality, and literary studies, the research paper delves into the profound implications of temporal manipulation in the works of renowned writer Kazuo Ishiguro. The protagonists' distorted timelines highlight the fluidity and subjectivity of time, reflecting the intricate relationship between psychological states and time perception. Ishiguro's use of temporal dislocation reflects feelings of alienation and disconnection, illuminating the characters' struggles with memory, identity, mortality, and the search for meaning. Ultimately, the study seeks to demonstrate that Kazuo Ishiguro's novels provide profound insight into the human condition and the timeless quest for understanding. By embracing the primordial nature of existence, individuals may transcend the limitations of their time perception and connect with cosmic greatness. Ishiguro's work thus stands as a testament to literature's enduring relevance in illuminating human experience and the enigmatic nature of time itself. Overall, an in-depth exploration of time and its variants in literature leads to a more comprehensive understanding of life, fostering interdisciplinary connections and a holistic view of the world.

Current times are shaping a new type of reality. In order to keep up with the requirements of a normal life and stay safe from the coronavirus, people are making more and more use of online communication, digitally travelling across space and time. This form of leaving one's town or homeland temporarily while using online platforms could be called virtual migration and mobility and could be accompanied by the need to translate as a means of direct and indirect communication. Another example of virtual travelling connected to translation comes from the literary works of writers with hybrid identities, like Kazuo Ishiguro, a British author of Japanese origins. The present paper analyses the relation between translation and virtual migration and mobility from an interdisciplinary perspective, as it results from the theories on natural and directional equivalence, Kazuo Ishiguro's narrative techniques and the contemporary direction towards more fluid geographies for the multitude.

The study proposes a theoretical analysis of Kazuo Ishiguro’s fifth novel from an interdisciplinary-holistic perspective on the nostalgic nature of the narrative. Firstly, some of the author's interviews are brought to the fore, in which he openly discusses the influences of the English detective novels from the 1920s and 1930s. The works of Agatha Christie and Dorothy Sayer, from the golden age of British detective literature, are mentioned here as a direct source of inspiration. The study also mentions the Sherlock Holmes series, which the author acknowledges as another source of inspiration for his detective novel. The emotional logic behind Christopher Banks’ exaggerated professionalism and failed metacognition is then explained through the Dunning-Kruger effect. In the second part, the study deals extensively with the parentless theme, bringing forth other examples of orphan children, such as those in the Broadway musical Annie. Eric Berne’s life scenario is used to explain the nostalgic nature of the novel, which leads to a reinterpretation of the temporal subordinate in the title. In all three cases of orphanhood in the novel, the characters’ life scenarios are rewritten. Through conscious effort, Christopher, Jennifer and Sarah decide to break away from their past and appreciate their present. The moment they see the harshness of the world around them as an inherent part of their development and growth, they embrace their orphanhood, just as all children should do while stepping out of the protective bubble their parents have built around them.

If The Buried Giant had been intended as a historiographic metafiction, its setting could have been replaced with recent locations having witnessed great wars, but then Kazuo Ishiguro would have unwillingly written a reportage-like novel instead of a historical fantasy dealing with magical ways of forgetting past atrocities in order to secure a peaceful future. While in his previous novels Ishiguro introduces only mental monsters, in The Buried Giant the characters are sent searching for their forgotten past in a post-Arthurian England with ogres that carry off children, pixies that render people ill and dragons that can erase all memories. The current study proposes an interdisciplinary analysis of The Buried Giant, drawing upon psychology, game theory and behavioural economics in order to convey personal and collective violence in connection to power, racism, trauma and spatio-temporal mobility. In the end, all events stem from choices and decisions, which are essentially emotional.

This theoretical study aims to show how clones portray humanity while
outlining the therapeutic quality of Kazuo Ishiguro’s sixth novel Never Let Me Go. The world depicted accepts human cloning as a form of preserving the human body. Although the narrating character Kathy and her friends, Ruth and Tommy, seem at peace with their destiny as donors, their burning desire to be treated as human beings underlies the dystopian nature of the novel. In the first part, social distortion is explained in connection with nature’s golden ratio. Clones’ interaction is then analysed with the help of Eric Berne’s transactional analysis and the three ego states of each human personality. Kathy, Ruth and Tommy’s lack of reaction towards the (ab)normality of genetic modification is identified as a form of the Daoist Wu wei, in the third part of the study. By learning to master her unfulfilled desire for human nature, Kathy will eventually let go.

Behavioural research indicates that humans can seldom be rational decision-makers that maximise their profits while minimising their costs at all times. The current paper proposes an interdisciplinary perspective on Kazuo Ishiguro's novels with regard to his characters' choices, decisions and actions. By presenting identity crises as a result of faulty choices and decisions, Ishiguro stresses the importance of heuristics, biases and conditioning in the decision-making process. Like real people, Ishigurian characters are emotional, irrational and prone to error, behaving contrary to the maximisation of their lives. This behavioural pattern comes as everyday normality in both real and fictional environments plagued by uncertainty and unable to provide all the available information on every topic-not even in an unnamed modern city (The Unconsoled) or a dystopian England in the late 1990s (Never Let Me Go), let alone in a post-Arthurian England dominated by magic (The Buried Giant) or during and after the Second World War (A Pale View of Hills; An Artist of the Floating World; The Remains of the Day; When We Were Orphans). As a case study from literature, Ishiguro's characters prove that the decision-making process cannot be viewed unilaterally, hence the interdisciplinary nature of the current study.

Kazuo Ishiguro acknowledges the fallibility of the human condition, and herein lies the therapeutic core
of his novels. The current study proposes a theoretical approach to Ishiguro’s second novel (1989) from an
interdisciplinary perspective on the main character’s narrative. In the first part, Henry James' interpretation of
literature applies to Masuji Ono’s totalitarian views to link fiction to real life. The second part discusses the
relativity of choices and decisions based on transgenerational ethics as presented in Strauss and Howe’s Fourth
Turning Theory. The third part focuses on Ono’s narrative unreliability as a form of confabulation. Since Ono’s
recollections often clash with what his family can remember about certain events, the painter may be suffering
from the false memory effect as a form of healing old trauma. The last subchapter explains the concept of ‘mono
no aware’ from a scientific perspective. The Japanese understanding of the ‘pathos of things’ is reflected in the second
law of thermodynamics, which stipulates that universal disorder will always increase. While young Ono refuses to
accept the floating world, old Ono seeks to make peace with the transitory nature of existence, which is equivalent
to accepting the entropy of the Universe.

The study proposes a theoretical analysis of Kazuo Ishiguro's fourth novel, using the storytelling forms proposed by Kurt Vonnegut, along with the Freudian and Jungian oneiric theories, in order to decide the Kafkaesque texture of the narrative. The protagonist Ryder can open secret portals to physical places in his past and can reconfigure his reality based on memories. Firstly, the study discusses the intertextual connection of The Unconsoled with Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-Five and Woolf's Orlando: A Biography while treating its Kantian value according to the domino effect and the quantum principle of probability. The second part analyses Ishiguro's dream techniques, in conjunction with concepts like the Pygmalion and Golem effects, the imposter syndrome, the tunnel memory and Kahneman's system 1 and 2 of thinking, for explaining Ryder's irrational doings. The last part examines Ryder's cognitive dissonance, his lack of anagnorisis, as well as his flow of consciousness, as compared to Woolf 's Mrs. Dalloway and Joyce's Odysseus. The protagonist's need for mental decluttering and willpower is then explained through the Stoic principles in Marcus Aurelius' Meditations, as a way to strike a balance between creation and consumption, both in Ishiguro's novel and in real life. The problems of the nameless European city are also interpreted from a game theoretical perspective, with the tragedy of the commons and the public goods game as examples of faulty cost-benefit relationships. Holistically speaking, the study highlights the meditative power of The Unconsoled, focusing on the narrative's similitudes to the semantic-linguistic incomprehensibility of Joyce's Finnegans Wake.

The current paper discusses the computerised future of cultural studies and the humanities by analysing the relation between theory and practice and the complementarity of science and literature. As a case study, the paper reports briefly on the research project Distorted Temporality in Kazuo Ishiguro's Novels: A Holistic Approach, which proposes a theoretical and practical approach to the distorted nature of time in Ishigurian characters' perception. The theoretical and empirical objectives of the study consisted in helping Ishiguro's readers understand their natural tendency to distort time. The hypotheses and sub-hypotheses were tested using a quantitative approach, through a self-administered questionnaire in English, with closed-and open-ended questions. One set of data was collected from 2610 Romanian and foreign respondents, with regard to their perception of time and their interpretation of Kazuo Ishiguro's novels. The data set was then analysed using descriptive, inferential, and pathanalysis methods (frequencies, percentages, PLS-PM, t-tests, ANOVA, multiple linear and binary logistic regression, mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation) and two statistical programs (R studio 4.3.4. and WarpPLS 6.0.). The results indicate that, when embraced with an open heart, time distortion becomes a valuable tool for preserving human sanity and orientating human choices, decisions and actions in the right direction. Thus, if combined with the traditional approaches to literature, digital humanities and computational criticism could provide a more accurate image of world literature, far beyond the models of interpretation based on the literary canons.

The current study proposes an overview of Kazuo Ishiguro's novels from a psychological perspective on the distorted nature of the characters' spatio-temporal perception with the overall purpose of proving their therapeutic potential. Owing to his ability to write elliptically about the human condition, Ishiguro's works possess a magnetic power that can draw the reader towards their core from a subconscious dimension hard to put into linguistic forms. Their hybrid nature thus allows the author to explore delicate themes with such an emotional candour that it is hard not to accept their universal preponderance and let go of the denial or reactive mode that falsely ensures human survival. In short, for all their narrative audacity, and sometimes awkwardness, Ishiguro's novels speak directly to the reader's psyche, which makes them impossible to erase from the mind, even when their form proves quite incongruent with the reader's conscious expectations. Overtly or otherwise, and in accordance with Cathy Caruth's psycho-literary beliefs, the Ishigurian reader is willing to redress their spatio-temporal perception for the betterment of their life.

Only humans seem to have the ability to project themselves into their past or future. This mental phenomenon, called autonoetic consciousness, proves the interrelation of memory, imagination, emotion, intelligence and consciousness as a way of creating self-images. The current paper constitutes an integrative study on memory from a theoretical perspective. The first part presents the most known neuroscientific viewpoints on the memory process, along with the pathological case of patient HM, who lost his memory following the removal of his hippocampus. The second part provides a humanistic perspective on recollection to demonstrate its compatibility with the neurological processes of storing information and forming memories. The final part conveys the phenomenon of recollection from the perspective of identity crisis in Kazuo Ishiguro's novels, as a case study in memory literature. According to memory theories to date, identity cannot exist outside the process of recording and recalling past experiences. Despite the fallible nature of recollection, human beings return to their past in order to give a healthy meaning to their present.

Owing to its mathematical ability to explain social interaction and the decision-making process, the science of game theory pioneered by the mathematician John Nash in the 1950s has been successfully used in fields such as economics and political science to biology, military tactics, and psychology. In game theory, there are basically two types of strategic interaction: cooperation and competition. Both are based on Nash equilibrium, which constitutes the best set of decisions made by the participants in either cooperative or competitive games regardless of what the other participants might choose to do. In other words, each player's gains or losses are influenced by other players' choices and decisions. The stag-hunt game, first described by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is one such game wherein the players can either hunt a stag together or each hunt a hare separately. Hence, it yields two Nash equilibria: cooperation (Stag) and non-cooperation, also called defection (Hare, Hare).

Most theories and models use different names for the same existential tenets, which may prove confusing, since the ultimate purpose of all studies is to help people heal their traumas and make inspired decisions for the betterment of their lives. Kazuo Ishiguro, meanwhile, proposes an internal shift of behavioral modelling, given the intricacy of human interrelations as well as the difficulty of altering one's environment. All Ishigurian characters epitomize the hidden powers of the human mind and heart while the power of their language can influence readers' emotional system, which underlies the decision-making process. The current study proposes a psycholinguistic synthesis of Ishiguro's novels as a way to gain better knowledge about how to apply fiction to real life, as well as prove that good fiction can influence readers' perceptions, wants, needs, choices and decisions, and, by implication, their whole life, and, by extension, the wellbeing of their families, groups, communities and nations. By creating more effective literacy nudges and incentives, most public, private and non-profit institutions and organizations with cognitive-behavioral, psychotherapeutic, integrative, sociological, neuroscientific and didactic profiles can help people relate works of fiction to real life for individual and collective improvement. The collaboration of these institutions and organizations for the optimization of their functioning strategies can lead to significant improvement of their performance, which, in turn, leads to a major increase in people's reading interests and, ultimately, to readers' long-term health and wellbeing owing to the power of all good fiction to speak to readers' thoughts and emotions.

There are many unknowns in the long equation of life, yet it does not matter whether or not something is real as long it feels natural to a person or a whole group, community, or nation. There is no unanimously approved key decoder of the mind, neither in reality nor in fiction, yet the psychotherapeutic potential of good fiction can help readers change their lives for the better. The present paper provides an overview of Kazuo Ishiguro's novels to determine the distorted nature of time from a holistic perspective. Science has demonstrated that reality is, in truth, probabilistic: All systems are in superposition before being observed, which is to say, they all manifest themselves, at the same time, in all the states they can be in before an observer decides upon one of these states through his/her perception. Tapping into the vast realms of memory from a higher standpoint can strengthen and regulate the connection between time and physicality. As Ishiguro demonstrates in his novels, the human body can keep perfect time time scarcity is only an illusion created by a timeless yearning for affection, compassion, and mutual appreciation. The primary purpose of the current paper is to show that, when embraced with an open heart, temporal distortion constitutes a recalibrating corollary of the human mind meant to preserve human sanity and orientate human choices, decisions, and actions in the right direction. Regarded as temporal literature, Kazuo Ishiguro's novels can thus help readers restore their temporality to its healthy distortion.

The modern economist Eric D. Beinhocker rightly states that economies stem from people’s choices and decisions.The miniature model of reality within the confines of any fiction book could offer a bird’s eye view of the decision-making process. This is what the English writer of Japanese origins Kazuo Ishiguro indirectly proves in his third novel, The Remains of the Day, which thus gives a literary answer to a question all economists, past and present, have asked themselves at least once: Why is the invisible hand concept, proposed by the father of modern economics Adam Smith, so unfeasible in the real world?

The paper proposes a theoretical analysis of A Pale View of Hills, using a psycho-literary approach to the themes of Japaneseness-Englishness, displacement, and the hybrid individual as they emerge from Kazuo Ishiguro's novel. Etsuko's pidgin identity results from the main character's existential migration, which, in turn, stems from her experiencing and witnessing gender inequality, domestic abuse, and war trauma along with the gaping rift between generations. In line with Freud and Jung's oneiric theories, the paper investigates Etsuko's post-traumatic stress disorder in order to explain why the protagonist fails to face the suicide of her elder daughter, Keiko, whose avoidant-insecure behaviour might have worsened after her forced uprooting and immigration to England. Although the middle-aged expatriate Etsuko is willing to find new motivation for living, based on the unusual habit of the subconscious to get used to repetitive traumas, her pidgin identity, impossible to recalibrate, may affect her ability to heal.

In 2004, during a lecture at Case Western Reserve University, the American writer Kurt Vonnegut spoke about his passion for applying scientific thinking to literary criticism. The worldwide acknowledgment of his interdisciplinary inventiveness, consisting in analysing humanistic works from both literary and scientific perspectives, can only prove that putting literature and science together may not be as farfetched as it sounds. In a similar vein, the American philosopher and intellectual historian Arthur O. Lovejoy, and the French philosopher Emmanuel Levinas are among the scholars that believe in the cooperation of all fields of specialisation. The separation of subjects, periods, nationalities and languages may stem from the compartmentalisation of life for practical purposes, but this simplification by division does not also mean the real separation of the studied phenomena, since cognitive processes will always function as a unitary whole. Only mental cooperation, from intuitionism to rationalism, can thus lead to an accurate understanding of the world’s phenomenology insofar as the human condition allows. Objective knowing entails the communion of all valid theories and ideas so much so that each pertinent thought should contain a reference to the thoughts of the other people. Nowadays, more than ever, this type of mental alliance can create interdisciplinary codes for interpreting both real life and fiction, since there is little demarcation between the two when it comes to human experience. Regardless of the subject, good novels deal, openly or subliminally, with social and environmental interaction. People’s thoughts, feelings, perceptions, beliefs and attitudes influence their and others’ choices, decisions and actions, which, in turn, implant new insights in people’s mindsets and worldviews. It can be either a vicious or a virtuous circle. There are already many disciplines that are trying to find the most relevant explanations for internal and external human behaviour, yet the best results will always come from their cooperation for the betterment of human life. The English writer of Japanese origin Kazuo Ishiguro mainly writes about the exhausting search for meaning through introspection and recollection of troubled pasts. His characters are perhaps some of the sincerest embodiments of the human condition, with its weaknesses, irrationality and painful inability to accept life in its cold simplicity. They unknowingly complicate their experiences with incomprehensible or delusive theories and explanations, and most of them fail to hold themselves responsible for their choices and decisions. However, Ishiguro is determined to show his readership the relativity of the decision-making process in an ever-changing world, with shifty values, imperfect childhoods and intricate interconnections, all stemming from subconscious conditioning. When decoded in an interdisciplinary fashion, his novels can assume a genuine therapeutic character – they could practically act as both wake-up calls and harmonisers for all those who have more existential questions than answers. The current study proposes a theoretical and practical approach to Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels from an interdisciplinary perspective on the distorted nature of time in his characters’ perception, integrating conceptual elements of literary and cultural criticism with some of neurolinguistics, philosophy, psychology, spirituality, social cognition, phenomenology, anatomy, neuroscience, behavioural economics, game theory, mathematics, theoretical physics and quantum mechanics. The theoretical purpose of the current study is thus to determine the distorted nature of time in Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels from a holistic perspective, using both analytic and synthetic approaches. As such, in the first part of “Literature Review”, the concept of impaired time perception was analysed literarily, and beyond, in connection with the themes, symbols, motifs, concepts and theories specific to each novel; the second part offered interdisciplinary overviews of the main Ishigurian themes and techniques (time, memory, identity, displacement, historiography, trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, behaviour and linguistic modelling) as well as syntheses of the novels in accordance with these literary and linguistic devices, thereby proving that the concept of distorted temporality bonds all the other themes together. The empirical purpose of the study is to investigate the correlation between Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels and the temporal perception of Romanian and foreign readers, by analysing both the influence of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels on readers’ perception of time and the influence of readers’ perception of time on their interpretation of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels. The hypotheses and sub-hypotheses of the current study were tested using a quantitative approach, through a self-administered questionnaire in English, with closed- and open-ended questions. One set of data was collected from 2610 Romanian and foreign respondents, with regard to their perception of time and their interpretation of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels. The data set was then analysed using descriptive, inferential, and path-analysis methods (frequencies, percentages, PLS-PM, t-tests, ANOVA, multiple linear and binary logistic regression, mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation) and two statistical programs (R studio 4.3.4. and WarpPLS 6.0.). The results indicate that readers’ perception of time is influenced by personal, psychological, knowledge and Ishigurian factors while their interpretation of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels is influenced by personal, psychological, knowledge and temporal factors, so there is a strong correlation between Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels and the temporal perception of Romanian and foreign readers. The findings also offer interesting perspectives on how the classes of factors and their dimensions influence each other, both as a whole and in specific demographic and behavioural circumstances, in relation to readers’ perception of time and their interpretation of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels. Thus, a very brief statistical summary of readers’ perception of time indicates that most readers have a positive attitude towards life, keeping their hopes high while trying to learn from their past mistakes and live their present to the full. Also, most readers interpret their past events based on their present emotional states while experiencing the same perceptual distortions of time dilation and contraction as the ones psychologically acknowledged by specialists. As regards readers’ interpretation of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels, a very brief statistical summary indicates that the most appreciated books are Never Let Me Go, The Remains of the Day and The Buried Giant; the least appreciated book is The Unconsoled; and the least read book is When We Were Orphans, followed by The Unconsoled. Most respondents waver between the degrees of liking Ishiguro’s works, which proves the novels’ intriguing and highly interactive nature. Even when they feel less impressed by Ishiguro’s books, most readers seem unable to stop thinking about the novels’ intriguing contents. Readers’ willingness to reread and recommend Ishiguro’s novels, even when they did not feel particularly attached to them, proves the novels’ haunting nature as well as their interactive character. The willingness of most readers to further adjust their temporality in accordance with the existential lessons Ishiguro teaches his readership proves the strong correlation between his novels and readers’ perception of time: On the one hand, readers’ own perception of time renders Ishiguro’s novels attractive for his sincere perspectives on the human condition, with its distorted temporality and unreliability of recollection; on the other hand, Ishiguro’s novels can influence readers’ temporality, enhancing its natural, life-preserving distortion while redressing readers’ temporal misconceptions and misbeliefs. All in all, after they have read Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels, readers are willing to change or enhance their perception of time for the betterment of their lives. In conclusion, when embraced with an open heart, time distortion becomes a valuable tool for preserving human sanity and orientating human choices, decisions and actions in the right direction. Overtly or otherwise, and in accordance with Cathy Caruth’s psycho-literary beliefs, Kazuo Ishiguro’s individual and collective examples of temporal impairment can help readers restore their own temporality to its healthy distortion.

This grammatical series will help you to automatize the foundation of the English language, which is the grammar of the English verb: tenses, verbals, auxiliaries, time markers, tense axis, temporal structures, finite and non-finite structures, regular and irregular verbs, verb forms, auxiliary drills, modal auxiliaries, verb patterns, syntactic drills, special constructions, phrasal verbs, verbal idioms.

The Anchor of English, Book 3 contains the following sections:

Irregular Verbs
Regular Verbs
Irregular Verbs with Three Identical Forms
Irregular Verbs with Two Identical Forms
Irregular Verbs with Three Different Forms
Forms, Meaning, and Translation Space
If you choose to practice all of these structures orally, then in writing, you will be able to use them naturally, and everything you have learned so far will reorganize in your mind, whether or not you are a subordinate bilingual. 

A famous Latin proverb says, “Repetitio est mater studiorum,” which is so true: Repetition is indeed the mother of learning. Therefore, whatever we consciously choose to repeat aloud several times will go directly into our subconscious mind, thus becoming an automatic process. This is how we can learn almost anything, from the multiplication table to playing the piano. Even when we learn to ride a bike, we have to look at the pedals before feeling comfortable enough to admire our surroundings while cycling.

The same is the case with learning English, especially when you live in a non-English-speaking environment. Unless you practice the English words, phrases, structures, or sentences orally many times, you will not be able to use them fluently in your own spoken and written contexts.

Learning is not solely an intellectual process. Silent learning and recognizing English information are both passive processes. If you choose consciously to learn as children do, your subconscious mind will do the rest. Just repeat orally any piece of English information you read, study, watch, or listen to; hear yourself say it several times, until you feel comfortable with using it in your own speech. And don’t forget to have fun while practicing, because learning English is indeed fun, regardless of age.

May your English help you stay whole!

https://www.holistic-english.com/paperbacks

This grammatical series will help you to automatize the foundation of the English language, which is the grammar of the English verb: tenses, verbals, auxiliaries, time markers, tense axis, temporal structures, finite and non-finite structures, regular and irregular verbs, verb forms, auxiliary drills, modal auxiliaries, verb patterns, syntactic drills, special constructions, phrasal verbs, verbal idioms.

The Anchor of English, Book 2 contains the following chapters:

Sing: Forms, Conjugation, Structures – Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative
Play: Forms, Conjugation, Structures – Affirmative, Negative, Interrogative
Read: Forms, Conjugation, Structures
Bake: Forms, Conjugation, Structures
Teach: Forms, Passive Conjugation and Structures
Instruct: Forms, Passive Conjugation and Structures
Passive Auxiliary Structures
Grammatical Pictures
If you choose to practice all of these structures orally, then in writing, you will be able to use them naturally, and everything you have learned so far will reorganize in your mind, whether or not you are a subordinate bilingual. 

A famous Latin proverb says, “Repetitio est mater studiorum,” which is so true: Repetition is indeed the mother of learning. Therefore, whatever we consciously choose to repeat aloud several times will go directly into our subconscious mind, thus becoming an automatic process. This is how we can learn almost anything, from the multiplication table to playing the piano. Even when we learn to ride a bike, we have to look at the pedals before feeling comfortable enough to admire our surroundings while cycling.

The same is the case with learning English, especially when you live in a non-English-speaking environment. Unless you practice the English words, phrases, structures, or sentences orally many times, you will not be able to use them fluently in your own spoken and written contexts.

Learning is not solely an intellectual process. Silent learning and recognizing English information are both passive processes. If you choose consciously to learn as children do, your subconscious mind will do the rest. Just repeat orally any piece of English information you read, study, watch, or listen to; hear yourself say it several times, until you feel comfortable with using it in your own speech. And don’t forget to have fun while practicing, because learning English is indeed fun, regardless of age.

May your English help you stay whole!

https://www.holistic-english.com/paperbacks

This grammatical series will help you to automatize the foundation of the English language, which is the grammar of the English verb: tenses, verbals, auxiliaries, time markers, tense axis, temporal structures, finite and non-finite structures, regular and irregular verbs, verb forms, auxiliary drills, modal auxiliaries, verb patterns, syntactic drills, special constructions, phrasal verbs, verbal idioms.

The Anchor of English, Book 1 contains the following chapters:

Tense Axis
Auxiliaries
Irregular Verb Forms
Regular Verb Forms
Verbals
Tenses
Time Markers
Write
Paint
Auxiliary Structures
Build
Clean
Grammatical Pictures
If you choose to practice all of these structures orally, then in writing, you will be able to use them naturally, and everything you have learned so far will reorganize in your mind, whether or not you are a subordinate bilingual. 

A famous Latin proverb says, “Repetitio est mater studiorum,” which is so true: Repetition is indeed the mother of learning. Therefore, whatever we consciously choose to repeat aloud several times will go directly into our subconscious mind, thus becoming an automatic process. This is how we can learn almost anything, from the multiplication table to playing the piano. Even when we learn to ride a bike, we have to look at the pedals before feeling comfortable enough to admire our surroundings while cycling.

The same is the case with learning English, especially when you live in a non-English-speaking environment. Unless you practice the English words, phrases, structures, or sentences orally many times, you will not be able to use them fluently in your own spoken and written contexts.

Learning is not solely an intellectual process. Silent learning and recognizing English information are both passive processes. If you choose consciously to learn as children do, your subconscious mind will do the rest. Just repeat orally any piece of English information you read, study, watch, or listen to; hear yourself say it several times, until you feel comfortable with using it in your own speech. And don’t forget to have fun while practicing, because learning English is indeed fun, regardless of age.

May your English help you stay whole!

https://www.holistic-english.com/paperbacks

This practical series represents a comprehensive reference guide to major aspects of English vocabulary as well as the key topics in English grammar, from verb forms, tense structures and uses to modality and the structure of sentences. It will also help you to master the punctuation, spelling, and pronunciation of the verb in both American and British English. The many examples the seven books contain are meant to illustrate the grammatical features of a wide range of everyday contexts so that you can use your English as correctly and naturally as possible. The glossaries of useful terminology, along with the grammatical pictures, add more information to the theory and practice of English usage.

Besides the exercises following the topics in each of the seven books of this series, you will also have three workbooks whose exercises and tests will help you automatize certain grammatical features such as the regular and irregular verb forms as well as the English tenses and auxiliaries.

Since the series provides information about American and British English at different levels, from simple structures to quite advanced subjects, it can be used by students and teachers alike. Beginning students can thus be assisted in learning and practicing the grammatical structures in the books and workbooks while those more advanced (lower-intermediate and beyond) can study the topics by themselves and check the keys at the back of the workbooks.

Practical English, Theory and Exercises, Book 1 contains the following chapters:

Abbreviations
Be, Have, Do
Overdo, Undo
Feed, Kiss
Verb Forms and Structures
Time Markers
Active and Passive Conjugation
Temporal Structures
Usage
Exercises
Grammatical Terminology
Grammatical Pictures
Index

Studying is not entirely an intellectual act. Silent learning and recognizing English information are both passive processes. Unless you practice the English words, phrases, structures, and sentences orally many times before writing them down, you may not be able to use them fluently in your own spoken and written contexts. This is especially true if you live in a non-English-speaking environment, whether you are a subordinate bilingual or not. Just try to repeat orally any piece of English information you read, study, watch, or listen to until you feel comfortable with using it in your own speech. And don’t forget to have fun while practicing, because learning English can indeed be fun, regardless of age.

May your English help you stay whole!

https://www.holistic-english.com/paperbacks

Your Personal Tense Axis will help you place the English tenses with their corresponding time markers on a special axis that you carry with you every day. In this way, you will be able to connect naturally your past, present, and future with their equivalent English tenses – because you do not learn for school but for life. 

Your Personal Tense Axis contains the following chapters:

Your Personal Tense Axis
Regular Verb Forms
Irregular Verb Forms
Grammatical Pictures

https://www.holistic-english.com/paperbacks

The AilamA® Cookbook is primarily a 365 culinary project, but also an emotional nutrition guide, a 28-day eating plan, and, last but not least, a very special English-learning textbook.
There are fifty-two weeks in a year. You can start this 365-day culinary journey at any time. Read the two recipes of each week and feel free to adjust them to your uniqueness (sometimes, there is only one recipe per week).You can even put the weeks and their corresponding recipes in a different order, if that’s what you feel like doing. As an added bonus, this cookbook book also contains two special recipes, one for your skin, the other for your hair, to help you trust natural ingredients even more.
On the interactive pages You Matter!, you can write down your sincere answers to the questions related to the proposed recipes.
Make sure you take the most artistic pictures you can of the foods you have cooked following The AilamA® Recipes.
Since The AilamA® Cookbook is much more than a 365 culinary project, it can also help you to make peace with your emotional eating through an overt relation between The AilamA® Recipes and no less than seventy of your main feelings. As an added bonus, there is a table of contents for The AilamA® Emotional Cookbook and a list of your positive and negative emotions in alphabetical order, called The AilamA® Emotional Index.
There will be celebratory dishes, sealing your positive emotions, and comforting dishes, which will help you cope with loneliness, boredom, sadness, self-dislike, self-doubt, tiredness, nostalgia, guilt, or fear.
Whether you are a seasoned gourmand or you just enjoy culinary challenges, feel free to let The AilamA® Recipes inspire, heal, and regulate your emotional metabolism.
The AilamA® Nutrition Program is a 28-day meal plan based on The AilamA® Recipes. It respects the general nutrition guidelines you can find in any reliable specialty book, yet without asking you to focus on endless calculations of calories or on exact percentages of nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals.
Unless you are in desperate need of a dramatic dietary change on grounds of poor health, in which case you should consult a local professional, The AilamA® Nutrition Program can provide you with a different view on your eating routines. Because of the small quantities needed at each meal, this eating plan is perfect for the whole family so that you won’t have to cook different dishes for others, but share the same meal with them, meat or no meat.
If your body responds well to The AilamA® Nutrition Program, you are free to prolong it indefinitely; or you can make any new combinations you want based on the dietary suggestions written before The AilamA® Recipes, or the answers to the dietary questions you will find right after The AilamA® Nutrition Program.
Meant as terrific digestive aids and trustworthy beauty keepers, The AilamA® Recipes could regulate your metabolism, enhance your health and wellness, and help you lose weight naturally while boosting your energy and fitness levels. They could also accompany, regulate, and/or enhance your everyday feelings, turning your emotional eating into a healthy habit. Curious to try them? Feel free to embark upon this fun culinary journey!
This multipurpose cooking journal is yours to work with in any way you like – just listen to your heart, the true captain of your body, mind, and soul!
Honor the act of cooking and eating while honoring your Yin and Yang energies! Your kitchen is your castle. Your food is your loyal, colorful servant. Be the queen or the king of your life! Eat healthily, exercise, meditate, think big!
You really matter! Cook, serve, enjoy!

https://www.holistic-english.com/paperbacks

The Saga of the Great Inglesh Tenses

This book series is a grammatical and truth-seeking fantasy in four parts, for English-language lovers and beyond.

The anagram Inglesh is read like English /ˈɪŋ.glɪʃ/.

Part One: The Kingdom
Part Two: The Family
Part Three: The Journey
Part Four: The Offspring

Each part consists of either two or three books.

Once upon no time, in the Kingdom’s Spiral and Unbounded, there was only one language, made of pure vibration.
Once upon no time, The Liege wrote the Course in the Archbook.
Once upon no time, the twin babes Primal Space and Time had eight dreams, which became fairylands.
Once upon one time, in the first unphysical realm, the first-ever word-language created itself from Wisdomed Love.
Much later, in the realm of Syteeria, King Indicative and Queen Semantics became the proud parents of not one, but three baby boys. But Present-Simple, Future-Simple, and Past-Simple were destined to be more than Syteerian princes, with a unique price to pay – a price beyond any space and time.
Eons later, in the first physical realm ever, a former teacher struggled to become balanced. Despite being an overthinker, the E’Raathian Klarathy could hear her Prime Voice, a miracle no unphysical luminary could explain. And, when the woman from Nomarya embarked upon a journey like no other, many other miracles started to happen, and the Archbook needed rewriting.

Part One: The Kingdom - Book One

Klarathy’s journey has begun. Her steps are taking her to places she’s only dreamed of. Klarathy loves to imagine things. If only her mind would faithfully follow her heart! Her Prime Voice says the ego is the primordial minus. And so many other extraordinary things Slaaratoo says about all that lives in the Kingdom. But Klarathy knows that hearing a bodiless voice speak in Primal English isn’t exactly normal. What about seeing fairies? Is she losing her mind? She loves to teach Inglesh, the only mental version of Primal English, and yet she has quit her teaching job. Will she learn to keep her heart open for 1,137 minutes? Will she make peace with her overanalytical mind? Are you one of the truth seekers who keep searching into the mysteries of the Universe? Are you one of the language lovers who secretly believe that English tenses are much more than just grammatical structures? Do you love fairy tales and fantasies? Then join Klarathy on her way to harmony and balance! Her journey could be your journey. Her stream of consciousness could be the answer your wholeness has been looking for.

For the first time ever, a story as old as the Kingdom itself will be revealed to you. Whoever and wherever you are, the time has come for you to believe that anything is possible. Read, learn, enjoy, and your life will never be the same! You, too, can speak Primal English, the language of Wisdomed Love. Primal English is the language of all worlds!

The Kingdom, Book One can also be regarded as a holistic novel, for your body, mind, and soul. Sewn into its literary fabric are the following fantasy, truth-seeking, and grammatical threads:
The Three Emperors: A Grammatical Fairy Tale
Your Personal Tense Axis: A Life-Size Temporal Axis
The Tense Meditation: A Grammatical Chakra Opener
The Matrix: A Holistic Formula for Harmony and Balance

May your English help you stay whole!

www.holistic-english.com/the-kingdom

https://www.holistic-english.com/paperbacks

Once upon one time, in the realm of Syteeria, King Indicative and Queen Semantics became the proud parents of not one, but three baby boys. But Present-Simple, Future-Simple, and Past-Simple were destined to be more than Syteerian princes, with a unique price to pay – a price beyond any space and time.
The Three Emperors has provided inspiration for The Saga of the Great *Inglesh Tenses, a grammatical and truth-seeking fantasy in four parts, for English-language lovers and beyond.

The anagram Inglesh is read like English/ˈɪŋ.glɪʃ/.

Part One: The Kingdom
Part Two: The Family
Part Three: The Journey
Part Four: The Offspring

Each part consists of either two or three books.

The Three Emperors also constitutes Chapter 28 of the novel The Kingdom.

May your English help you stay whole!

www.holistic-english.com/the-kingdom

https://www.holistic-english.com/paperbacks

The current paper reports on a vast study called Distorted Temporality in Kazuo Ishiguro’s Novels: A Holistic Approach. The study thereto proposes an interdisciplinary perspective on the distorted nature of Ishigurian time. Thus, the theoretical and empirical objectives of the study consist in helping readers understand their natural tendency to distort time, with the help of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels. Secondarily, the study aims to prove (1) the efficacy of an interdisciplinary approach to analysing literary works for gaining better knowledge about how to apply fiction to real life and (2) that good fiction can influence readers’ perceptions and, by implication, their whole life and, by extension, the wellbeing of their families, groups, communities and nations. The hypotheses and sub-hypotheses were tested using a quantitative approach, through a self-administered questionnaire in English, with closed- and open-ended questions. One set of data was collected from 2610 Romanian and foreign respondents, with regard to their perception of time and their interpretation of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels. The data set was then analysed using descriptive, inferential, and path-analysis methods and two statistical programs. The results show that, when embraced with an open heart, time distortion becomes a valuable tool for preserving human sanity and orientating human choices, decisions and actions in the right direction. The overall purpose of the study is to indicate the interdisciplinary direction of cultural studies and the humanities. The best method of anchoring any type of information is to link it to real life in its simplest and clearest form. The complementarity of the two brain hemispheres can thus lead to an unprecedented cooperation between writers and interdisciplinary critics for the true benefit of readers. This integrative objective may lead to the simplification of critical language to a level of unanimous understanding.