Papers by Daria Dayter
Wiley Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Sociology, 2019
Microblogging is a social networking service that offers the functionality of posting short textu... more Microblogging is a social networking service that offers the functionality of posting short textual and multimedia updates on a public profile, or 'timeline', in reverse chronological order. At the moment microblogging is synonymous with Twitter, the most popular microblogging service by far. Launched in 2006 as a minimalistic service closely related to text messaging, Twitter has grown to a popular social network that has become an extremely influential communication medium in culture and politics.
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New Empirical Perspectives on Translation and Interpreting, 2020
It has been suggested in comparative translation studies that translated texts are more like each... more It has been suggested in comparative translation studies that translated texts are more like each other than comparable non-translated texts, i.e. the range of variation between them is smaller. For simultaneous interpreting, a translation universal describing such a change has been postulated: an equalizing universal, or the flattening of the orality-literacy continuum. This means that inherently oral genres, e.g. interviews, will show more literate features when interpreted, while inherently literate genres, e.g. an opening speech delivered by the President of the General Assembly at a United Nations General Debate, will receive more oral features than the originals. In this project, I investigate collocativity in the English component of a 230,000 word corpus of bidirectional Russian-English simultaneous interpreting (SIREN), using ukWaC as a reference corpus. Collocativity is the degree to which a text relies on pre-patterned chunks characteristic of the language in question. To measure collocativity in SIREN, I apply the methodology developed by Bernardini (2015) that uses larger corpora to overcome the data bottleneck caused by small interpreting corpora. The results show statistically significant differences in the frequency and range of three POS chains: Adjective-(Conjunction/Preposition)-Adjective, Verb-Adverb, and Adverb-Adjective. When these POS chains are investigated in two other corpora of written (BAWE) and spoken (OANC) English, they also exhibit statistically significant differences with the direction of shift expected on the basis of the equalizing universal. In this manner, the study provides further evidence for the validity of the equalizing universal in simultaneous interpreting and suggests a possible explanation to sometimes contradictory results of earlier studies of linguistic variation in interpreted speech.
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Perspectives, 2020
The present study aims to investigate the occurrence of various non-fluencies (mispronounced word... more The present study aims to investigate the occurrence of various non-fluencies (mispronounced words and hesitations; self-repairs and editing terms; silent pauses; repetitions; fillers) in interpreted and non-interpreted, spontaneously produced English. The material for the study is the English component of a parallel bidirectional corpus of Russian-English interpreting of political discourse, consisting of approx. 130,000 words from 77 speech events. The instances of non-fluencies have been automatically extracted from the corpus, with the exception of self-repair, which was subject to manual annotation. The figures for the two subcorpora were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. The results show that (1) interpreted English has more disfluencies overall, and serial truncations specifically; (2) the number of repaired disfluencies is lower in interpreted English; (3) and interpreted English has fewer fillers and disfluent repetitions than non-interpreted English. The results on editing terms are inconclusive. While the first finding conforms to the predictions in the literature on SI, the other two can be ascribed to differences in style among interpreters.
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Journal of Pragmatics, 2020
This article investigates the use of self-praise in an online community of pickup artists (PUAs).... more This article investigates the use of self-praise in an online community of pickup artists (PUAs). The male community of practice engages in speed seduction of women, drawing on a shared repertoire of techniques and scripts. The field reports, which are produced to process the experienced interactions and posted online for evaluation by others, are at the centre of our investigation of positive self-disclosure. We find that PUAs rely on three kinds of self-praise: brag statements, proxy brags, and evidential brags. Self-praise (of any type) is by no means a rare occurrence as revealed by a quantitative breakdown of self-praising speech acts in the data set. The analysis of the reactions towards self-praise, as evidenced in forum replies, shows that self-praise is not censored as it is part of PUA interactional norms. The self-praise iceberg which emerges in this paper posits that self-aggrandizing discursive behaviour is more widespread, and less censored, than previously assumed. Self-praise, boasting, or bragging: regardless of the term used, the behaviour itself is stigmatized by the wide public and social scientists alike. The general code of conduct is that "Good people don't brag about how good they are" (as put by YouTuber Jack Douglass in a song that received more than 2.3 million hits as of spring 2020). 1 In this paper we argue, however, that self-praising behaviour is far more common than expected. Using online forum data from a particular community of practice, the Pickup Artists, we analyse and illustrate the performance of positive self-disclosure in a predominantly male community practicing speed seduction of women. The pickup artist (PUA) community propagates specific techniques for seducing women and promises miraculous results with the help of scripts and routines. PUAs interact both online and offline. Online platforms mediate a range of functions, such as exchange of experiences, advice-giving and advice-seeking, phatic communication, etc. Outside the virtual realm, the self-proclaimed PUA gurus (respected figures, trainers) give seminars (adding a financial component to the community which can also be found online where PUA training materials, e.g. e-books and videos, are on offer) and like-minded pickup artists meet for 'sarging' sessions (i.e. going out together to interact with women; an activity which is often considered as training). A cornerstone of the PUA paradigm is confidence building, which they foster through self-aggrandizing behaviour, learned scripts and routines, repetition, and practice. The PUA community, however, is more than just a loosely knit online community propagating specific flirting and seduction techniques: The gurus of the 'game' (such as Mystery, one of the early faces of the
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FORUM: International Journal of Interpretation and Translation, 2018
The paper introduces a corpus of simultaneous interpretation, SIREN. SIREN is a parallel aligned ... more The paper introduces a corpus of simultaneous interpretation, SIREN. SIREN is a parallel aligned bidirectional corpus of original and simultaneously interpreted speech in Russian and English. At the moment the corpus contains 235,040 words and is enriched with POS and shallow syntactic annotation. After outlining the corpus design, I used scores for lexical variety, density and POS proportionalities to make tentative claims about the linguistic variation between originals and interpretations. Low lexical variety and density are taken as indicators of simplification, while a higher ratio of nominal to pronominal reference is seen as an indicator of explicitation. Atypical word-class distribution indicates the source language shining through. Somewhat contradictory results, with the Russian subcorpus conforming to the predictions of translation theory and the English subcorpus exhibiting the opposite trend in all universals but still shining through, invites further investigation of the data and once again puts into question unequivocal claims about T-universals.
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This article explores ethical conundrums in linguistic research on online platforms populated by ... more This article explores ethical conundrums in linguistic research on online platforms populated by 'pick up artists' (PUAs), a community that learns and practices speed-seduction for short-term mating. Originally a male heterosexual community, PUAs encourage men to use manipulative strategies to select, pursue, isolate and sexually conquer women (Hall and Canterberry 2011). Using so-called 'field reports' – detailed accounts of interactions with women – from Anglophone PUA forums as our data, we investigate the narrative stance devices that PUAs use to impose the game frame on their activities. Unavoidably, sampling language in an environment where risky topics are under constant discussion presents ethical dilemmas. The article focuses on how conducting research in a hostile community may influence traditional methodological decisions. Through the example of the PUA community, we discuss the vulnerability of subjects and potential harm in linguistic research, and whether anything gives the researcher the freedom to forego informed consent, especially when dealing with publicly available data in an open forum. We also address the myth of the unbiased researcher that is prevalent in contemporary social science, arguing that an analysis should benefit from the fact that the analyst unavoidably takes part in the " fight to construct reality " (Latour and Woolgar 1979).
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This study focuses on the reconstruction of experience in the online environment of the Pickup Ar... more This study focuses on the reconstruction of experience in the online environment of the Pickup Artist (PUA) community forums and aims to uncover yet another facet of personal narrative, namely the role and performance of framing in the reporting of events. Discursive psychologists have often pointed out that a narrative is not a precise reflection of reality but a device that itself shapes the social world because reality always under-determines the verbal representation of events. In this study, we show how the verbalisation of narrative guides the reader towards the intended understanding by establishing the shared knowledge schema in the community of practice. Utilising data from a specific genre in the PUA forums, the " field reports " (i.e. narrative reconstructions of encounters between the PUAs and women), we describe three pertinent layers of frames, how they are evoked linguistically and how they interact with each other. Our investigation of the hierarchical framing of the interaction as [pua training], [personal narrative] and [success report] shows that they are based on group-specific knowledge schemas but, at the same time, draw on conventionalised narrative structures.
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Journal of Pragmatics, 2014
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This article investigates narrative practices on Twitter. The qualitative analysis is based on th... more This article investigates narrative practices on Twitter. The qualitative analysis is based on the corpus of 1000 tweets sampled from the timelines of 11 Anglophone users. The users form a diffuse community united by an interest in ballet as a physical activity and an art. Storytelling emerged as one of important tools for identity construction, although Twitter stories differ from a prototypical narrative on several levels. These differences are examined from three theoretical angles: the structural approach (Labov and Waletzky, 1967. Narrative analysis: oral versions of personal experience. In: Helm, J. (Ed.), Essays on the Verbal and Visual Arts. Proceedings of the 1966 Annual Spring Meeting. Distributed by the University of Washington Press, Seattle, pp. 12–44), the dimensional approach (Ochs and Capps, 2001. Living Narrative: Creating Lives in Everyday Storytelling. Cambridge, MA, Harvard UP), and the small stories framework (Georgakopoulou, 2007a. Small Stories, Interaction and Identities. Benjamins, Amsterdam). Along with multi-tweet stories that can be analysed into orientation, complication, evaluation and resolution, two kinds of stories typical for the eyewitness microgenre were present. The first of these is a delayed resolution narrative, i.e. live commentary that obtains the integrity of a single narrative only post-factum. The second type is a tiny story, i.e. a fragmentary, minimally newsworthy report on everyday activities with unclear narrative stance.
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Books by Daria Dayter
https://benjamins.com/#catalog/books/pbns.260/main
This volume examines the language of microblog... more https://benjamins.com/#catalog/books/pbns.260/main
This volume examines the language of microblogs drawing on the example of a group of eleven users who are united by their interest in ballet as a physical activity and an art form. The book reports on a three and a half year study which complemented a 20,000 word corpus of tweets with semi-structured interviews and participant observation. It deals with two main questions: how users exploit the linguistic resources at their disposal to build a certain identity, and how the community boundaries are performed discursively. The focus is on the speech acts of self-praise and complaint, and on the storytelling practices of mi-crobloggers. The comprehensive treatment of the speech act theory and the social psychological approaches to self-disclosure provides a stepping stone to the analysis of identity work, for which the users draw on two distinctive interpretive repertoires – affiliative and self-promoting.
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Conference Presentations by Daria Dayter
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Drafts by Daria Dayter
How much does it cost to study Translation/Interpreting? Please take a short survey if you're a r... more How much does it cost to study Translation/Interpreting? Please take a short survey if you're a researcher in Translation and/or Interpreting Studies: https://t.co/rins1y6bdw
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Papers by Daria Dayter
Books by Daria Dayter
This volume examines the language of microblogs drawing on the example of a group of eleven users who are united by their interest in ballet as a physical activity and an art form. The book reports on a three and a half year study which complemented a 20,000 word corpus of tweets with semi-structured interviews and participant observation. It deals with two main questions: how users exploit the linguistic resources at their disposal to build a certain identity, and how the community boundaries are performed discursively. The focus is on the speech acts of self-praise and complaint, and on the storytelling practices of mi-crobloggers. The comprehensive treatment of the speech act theory and the social psychological approaches to self-disclosure provides a stepping stone to the analysis of identity work, for which the users draw on two distinctive interpretive repertoires – affiliative and self-promoting.
Conference Presentations by Daria Dayter
Drafts by Daria Dayter
This volume examines the language of microblogs drawing on the example of a group of eleven users who are united by their interest in ballet as a physical activity and an art form. The book reports on a three and a half year study which complemented a 20,000 word corpus of tweets with semi-structured interviews and participant observation. It deals with two main questions: how users exploit the linguistic resources at their disposal to build a certain identity, and how the community boundaries are performed discursively. The focus is on the speech acts of self-praise and complaint, and on the storytelling practices of mi-crobloggers. The comprehensive treatment of the speech act theory and the social psychological approaches to self-disclosure provides a stepping stone to the analysis of identity work, for which the users draw on two distinctive interpretive repertoires – affiliative and self-promoting.