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ZusammenfassungDas nicht-fernmetastasierte kastrationsresistente Prostatakarzinom (M0CRPC) ist mit einem erhöhten Progressions- und Mortalitätsrisiko verbunden, vor allem wenn eine schnelle Verdopplungszeit des Prostata-spezifischen... more
ZusammenfassungDas nicht-fernmetastasierte kastrationsresistente Prostatakarzinom (M0CRPC) ist mit einem erhöhten Progressions- und Mortalitätsrisiko verbunden, vor allem wenn eine schnelle Verdopplungszeit des Prostata-spezifischen Antigens (PSADT ≤ 10 Monate) vorliegt. Schreitet die Krankheit weiter voran und entsteht ein metastasiertes (m) CRPC, nehmen Progressions- und Mortalitätsrisiko weiter zu. Für die Therapie des Hochrisiko-M0CRPCs stehen die Androgenrezeptor-Inhibitoren Apalutamid, Darolutamid und Enzalutamid, jeweils in Kombination mit einer Androgendeprivationstherapie (ADT), zur Verfügung.Die Ergebnisse der Zulassungsstudie SPARTAN zeigen, dass Apalutamid + ADT das metastasenfreie Überleben (MFS) und somit auch die Entstehung eines mCRPCs bei diesen Patienten hinauszögern kann. Vor Zulassung von Apalutamid in der Europäischen Union war der Wirkstoff im Rahmen eines internationalen Härtefallprogramms auch in Deutschland verfügbar. Insgesamt haben in Deutschland 109 Patienten aus 50 Zentren teilgenommen. Länger als 3 Monate wurden 45 Patienten, länger als 6 Monate 13 Patienten behandelt. Das Härtefallprogramm läuft in einigen Ländern weiter, weltweit wurden 556 Patienten aufgenommen.Unsere Erfahrungen mit dieser Real-World-Population zeigten ein gutes PSA-Ansprechen, so wie es auch in der SPARTAN-Studie bei diesem explorativen Endpunkt gezeigt wurde. Auch hinsichtlich des Verträglichkeitsprofils konnten wir keine deutlichen Unterschiede zur Zulassungsstudie feststellen.Apalutamid war in Kombination mit einer ADT auch in dieser Real-World-Patientenpopulation wirksam und konnte zu einem raschen PSA-Abfall führen. Dabei unterschied sich das Verträglichkeitsprofil nicht von dem in der SPARTAN-Studie.
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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of preoperative double-J stent (DJ) in pyeloplasty patients on perioperative complications, recurrence, and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Pyeloplasties due to ureteropelvic junction... more
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of preoperative double-J stent (DJ) in pyeloplasty patients on perioperative complications, recurrence, and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Pyeloplasties due to ureteropelvic junction obstructions between January 2010 and December 2020 were consecutively identified. A standardized follow-up questionnaire was used. Tabulation was made according to preoperative DJ versus no DJ. Subgroup analyses addressed primary robotic pyeloplasties. Results: Of 95 pyeloplasty patients, 62% received a preoperative DJ. Patients with preoperative DJ exhibited higher rates of Clavien-Dindo (CD) 2 (22 vs. 11%) complications, but not of CD3 (8.5 vs. 8.3%, p = 0.5). After a median follow-up of 61 months, 9 patients exhibited a recurrence, of whom 7 had a preoperative DJ. In QoL assessment, comparable findings were made between patients with and without preoperative DJ. In robotic pyeloplasty patients (n = 73), patients with preoperative DJ (58%, n = 42) experienced higher CD3 complication rates, compared to patients without preoperative DJ (12 vs. 6.5%). Moreover, higher rates of recurrences were observed in preoperative DJ patients (12 vs. 3.2%). Conclusion: In a contemporary pyeloplasty cohort, the midterm success rate was good with 91%. Our findings suggest that preoperative DJ is associated with higher recurrence rates. However, QoL did not differ between patients with and without preoperative DJ.
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to test for differences in overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates and toxicity in first-line immune checkpoint inhibition (IO) combination therapy in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma... more
Introduction: The aim of this study was to test for differences in overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates and toxicity in first-line immune checkpoint inhibition (IO) combination therapy in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients. Methods: Between November 2017 and April 2021, 104 patients with histologically confirmed mRCC from 6 tertiary referral centers with either IO + IO (nivolumab + ipilimumab, n = 68) or IO + tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) (pembrolizumab + axitinib, n = 36) were included. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses tested for OS and PFS differences. Results: Of 104 mRCC patients, 68 received IO + IO (65.4%) and 36 IO + TKI (34.6%) therapy, respectively. Median age was 67 years (interquartile range: 57–70.3). Patients receiving IO + TKI were less likely to be poor risk according to the International Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium score (16.7 vs. 30.9%) and presented with lower T-stage, compared to IO + IO treated patients. Median PFS was 9.8 months (CI: 5.3–17.6) versus 12.3 months (CI: 7.7 – not reached) for IO + IO versus IO + TKI treatment, respectively (p = 0.22). Median OS was not reached, survival rates at 12 months being 73.9 versus 90.0% for IO + IO versus IO + TKI patients (p = 0.089). In subgroup analyses of elderly patients (≥70 years, n = 38), IO + TKI treatment resulted in better OS rates at 12 months compared to IO + IO (91.0 vs. 57.0%; p = 0.042). Conclusion: IO + IO and IO + TKI as first-line therapies in mRCC patients were both comparable as for the oncological outcome and toxicity.
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Probably, patients with de novo (synchronous) and recurrent (metachronous) oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer have different oncologic outcomes. Thus, we are challenged with different scenarios in clinical practice, where... more
Probably, patients with de novo (synchronous) and recurrent (metachronous) oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer have different oncologic outcomes. Thus, we are challenged with different scenarios in clinical practice, where different treatment options may apply. In the last years, several prospective studies have focused on the treatment of patients with de novo oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Not only the addition of systemic therapeutic treatments, such as chemotherapy with docetaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide, and apalutamide, next to androgen deprivation therapy, demonstrated to improve outcomes in these patients but also local therapy of the primary has been demonstrated to improve outcomes of low-volume metastatic disease. Next to radiotherapy, also radical prostatectomy has been reported as a feasible and safe treatment option. Additional metastasis-directed therapy in de novo metastatic disease is currently examined by four trials. In the recurrent metastatic setting, less data are available, and it remains uncertain if patients can be treated in the same way as synchronous oligometastatic disease. Metastasis-directed therapy has demonstrated to prolong outcomes, while data on survival are still missing.
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LBA4619 Background: FGFRalt are observed in ~20% of pts with mUC. Erda is an oral selective pan-FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor granted accelerated approval to treat locally advanced or mUC in adults with susceptible FGFR3/2alt who have... more
LBA4619 Background: FGFRalt are observed in ~20% of pts with mUC. Erda is an oral selective pan-FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor granted accelerated approval to treat locally advanced or mUC in adults with susceptible FGFR3/2alt who have progressed after platinum-containing chemo. THOR (NCT03390504), a randomized phase 3 study, assessed whether erda provided a survival advantage vs investigator’s choice of chemo in pts with mUC who progressed after 1 or 2 prior treatments, including an anti-PD-(L)1 agent. Methods: Pts (≥18 y) with unresectable advanced/mUC and select FGFR3/2alt (mutations/fusions), ECOG performance status 0-2, adequate organ function, progression on/after prior systemic therapy (tx) that included an anti-PD-(L)1 agent, and ≤2 prior lines of tx were randomized 1:1 to receive erda (8 mg with pharmacodynamically guided uptitration to 9 mg on day 14) QD or investigator’s choice of chemo (docetaxel or vinflunine) Q3W until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety. Results: 266 pts were randomized: 136 pts assigned to erda, 130 to chemo. In all pts, median age was 67 y; 30% had 1 prior line of tx, 70% had 2 prior lines; 74% had visceral metastases; 90% were PD-L1 low (CPS <10). Median follow-up was 15.9 mo. The primary endpoint of the study was met, with erda significantly increasing OS and reducing the risk of death by 36%; median OS was 1 y (Table). These data met predefined stopping criteria for superiority. Erda also significantly improved median PFS (5.6 vs 2.7 mo) and ORR (46% vs 12%) vs chemo. No new safety signals were seen. Serious treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were observed in 13% and 24% of pts with erda and chemo, respectively, and grade (Gr) 3/4 TRAEs were observed in 46% and 46% of pts with erda and chemo, respectively. TRAEs leading to death were reported in 1 and 6 pts with erda and chemo, respectively. More TRAEs leading to dose reduction were observed with erda (66%) vs chemo (21%); 8% and 13% of pts had TRAEs leading to discontinuation of erda and chemo, respectively. Central serous retinopathy occurred in 23 pts (17%) with erda (Gr 1-2, 20 pts). Conclusions: In pts with FGFRalt advanced/mUC after prior treatment with PD-(L)1, erda significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR vs investigator’s choice of chemo. Erda toxicity was consistent with the known safety profile. These results support the role of erda to treat pts with FGFRalt mUC after PD-(L)1 tx. Clinical trial information: NCT03390504 . [Table: see text]
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BackgroundStructured curricula are demanded to improve training programs of future urologists. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of the newly implemented residency rotation program at the University Hospital Frankfurt. Primary... more
BackgroundStructured curricula are demanded to improve training programs of future urologists. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptance of the newly implemented residency rotation program at the University Hospital Frankfurt. Primary endpoint was resident's satisfaction with the current residency rotation program. Secondary endpoint was the fulfilment of the objectives and expectations by residents.MethodsA standardized 15-item, online-based survey was sent to every urologic resident of the University Hospital Frankfurt, completing their rotation between August 2020 and August 2022. In addition to baseline characteristics, training and working conditions were assessed. Descriptive statistics were applied.ResultsIn total 15 rotations of the Residency Rotation Program at the University Hospital Frankfurt were evaluated, including urologic practice (5/15), Intermediate Care Unit (4/15), urooncology (4/15) and clinical exchange to St. Gallen (2/15). Overall, the majority were ver...
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Background: Demographic development and continuing improvements in supportive and antineoplastic therapies are reasonable predictors of increasing travel activities carried out by patients with malignant diseases in the near future. There... more
Background: Demographic development and continuing improvements in supportive and antineoplastic therapies are reasonable predictors of increasing travel activities carried out by patients with malignant diseases in the near future. There is a lack of data on travel habits of patients with end-stage oncological diseases. Methods: We performed a multi-phased cross-sectional study to gain insights into the intersection of travel medicine and oncology and report the process development and results of a first-in-class comprehensive questionnaire of travel habits in this particular subset of patients. Results: A total of 82 patients with 21 different cancer entities at a median age of 63 years (range, 28-84 years) completed the final questionnaire. 90.2% of all participants rated travelling as an important or very important aspect in their lives, of whom 73.2% had participated in a short- or holiday trip after the cancer diagnosis. All but one (98.8%) participant were about to plan a sho...
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Additional file 1: Fig. S1 Maximum intensity projections of 68 Ga-PMSA imaging at baseline: (a) 81-year-old patient (P8 in Table 3) with limited extent of bone metastases (category 1), the patient developed reversible grade 3 anemia after... more
Additional file 1: Fig. S1 Maximum intensity projections of 68 Ga-PMSA imaging at baseline: (a) 81-year-old patient (P8 in Table 3) with limited extent of bone metastases (category 1), the patient developed reversible grade 3 anemia after RLT. (b) 75-year-old patient (P 13 in Table 3) with diffuse bone marrow involvement (category 2), developing progressive disease and irreversible hematological decline with grade 3 anemia and grade 4 thrombocytopenia after 6 cycles of RLT.
Einleitung: 80% der Patienten beschreiben nach Einlage von Harnleiterschienen Flankenschmerz, Miktionsbeschwerden und Makrohämaturie. Die Genese dieser Beschwerden ist multifaktoriell. Hierbei spielen sowohl Positionierung der... more
Einleitung: 80% der Patienten beschreiben nach Einlage von Harnleiterschienen Flankenschmerz, Miktionsbeschwerden und Makrohämaturie. Die Genese dieser Beschwerden ist multifaktoriell. Hierbei spielen sowohl Positionierung der Harnleiterschienen als auch deren Durchmesser und das Material [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
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Einleitung: Die akute bakterielle Epididymitis ist eine häufige Erkrankung, die mit einer aszendierenden Infektion der Urethra oder einer deszendierenden Infektion der Harnblase assoziiert ist. Material und Methoden: Daten von 287... more
Einleitung: Die akute bakterielle Epididymitis ist eine häufige Erkrankung, die mit einer aszendierenden Infektion der Urethra oder einer deszendierenden Infektion der Harnblase assoziiert ist. Material und Methoden: Daten von 287 Patienten mit akuter Epididymitis, die sich zwischen Januar[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of preoperative double-J stent (DJ) in pyeloplasty patients on perioperative complications, recurrence, and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Pyeloplasties due to ureteropelvic junction... more
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of preoperative double-J stent (DJ) in pyeloplasty patients on perioperative complications, recurrence, and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Pyeloplasties due to ureteropelvic junction obstructions between January 2010 and December 2020 were consecutively identified. A standardized follow-up questionnaire was used. Tabulation was made according to preoperative DJ versus no DJ. Subgroup analyses addressed primary robotic pyeloplasties. Results: Of 95 pyeloplasty patients, 62% received a preoperative DJ. Patients with preoperative DJ exhibited higher rates of Clavien-Dindo (CD) 2 (22 vs. 11%) complications, but not of CD3 (8.5 vs. 8.3%, p = 0.5). After a median follow-up of 61 months, 9 patients exhibited a recurrence, of whom 7 had a preoperative DJ. In QoL assessment, comparable findings were made between patients with and without preoperative DJ. In robotic pyeloplasty patients (n = 73), patients with preoperative DJ (58%, n = 42) exp...
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Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented expansion of telemedicine services worldwide. This study aimed to explore the practice of telemedicine in Pediatric Surgery in Germany, the impact of the pandemic on its... more
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented expansion of telemedicine services worldwide. This study aimed to explore the practice of telemedicine in Pediatric Surgery in Germany, the impact of the pandemic on its development and parents’ and surgeons’ experiences with telemedicine. Methods The study is a cross-sectional analysis using three surveys between 6/2020 and 10/2020: (1) all Pediatric Surgery departments of Germany reported whether they provide telemedicine services. (2) Members of the German Society of Pediatric Surgery and (3) families who participated in an outpatient visit by telephone or video with the Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology of the University Hospital Frankfurt completed an anonymous survey on their experience with telemedicine. Results 21% of the Pediatric Surgery departments in Germany provided telemedicine, of which 57% started due to the pandemic. The lack of physical examination and face-to-face contact seem to be the ...
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ZusammenfassungDas nicht-fernmetastasierte kastrationsresistente Prostatakarzinom (M0CRPC) ist mit einem erhöhten Progressions- und Mortalitätsrisiko verbunden, vor allem wenn eine schnelle Verdopplungszeit des Prostata-spezifischen... more
ZusammenfassungDas nicht-fernmetastasierte kastrationsresistente Prostatakarzinom (M0CRPC) ist mit einem erhöhten Progressions- und Mortalitätsrisiko verbunden, vor allem wenn eine schnelle Verdopplungszeit des Prostata-spezifischen Antigens (PSADT ≤ 10 Monate) vorliegt. Schreitet die Krankheit weiter voran und entsteht ein metastasiertes (m) CRPC, nehmen Progressions- und Mortalitätsrisiko weiter zu. Für die Therapie des Hochrisiko-M0CRPCs stehen die Androgenrezeptor-Inhibitoren Apalutamid, Darolutamid und Enzalutamid, jeweils in Kombination mit einer Androgendeprivationstherapie (ADT), zur Verfügung.Die Ergebnisse der Zulassungsstudie SPARTAN zeigen, dass Apalutamid + ADT das metastasenfreie Überleben (MFS) und somit auch die Entstehung eines mCRPCs bei diesen Patienten hinauszögern kann. Vor Zulassung von Apalutamid in der Europäischen Union war der Wirkstoff im Rahmen eines internationalen Härtefallprogramms auch in Deutschland verfügbar. Insgesamt haben in Deutschland 109 Patie...
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Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of low-risk endometrial cancer. Methods Of 155 patients with low-risk endometrial cancer, who were included in this... more
Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of low-risk endometrial cancer. Methods Of 155 patients with low-risk endometrial cancer, who were included in this retrospective study between May 2008 and March 2017, 82 and 73 underwent laparoscopic and open surgery, respectively. Clinicopathological and surgical data, recurrence-free survival and overall survival were analyzed. Results No statistically significant differences in median age, final pathological type, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and lymphovascular space involvement were observed between the laparoscopic and open surgery groups. No procedure in the laparoscopic surgery group was converted to open surgery. The median follow-up period was 60 months, with oncologic recurrence identified in three cases (one lung carcinoma and two pelvic cavity carcinomas) in the laparoscopic surgery group. There was no significant between-group di...
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e15195 Background: Abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone (P) has demonstrated an improved survival of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) compared to placebo plus P in a large phase III trial. In Germany, patients... more
e15195 Background: Abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone (P) has demonstrated an improved survival of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) compared to placebo plus P in a large phase III trial. In Germany, patients were able to receive AA within a compassionate-use program (CUP). Here, we report the first results of the program. Methods: Patients were eligible for the CUP if they progressed on or after at least one cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens. For CUP entry, patients were considered to have disease progression if they had radiographic evidence of disease progression in soft tissue or bone with or without PSA-progression and ongoing androgen deprivation. Patients received AA 1000mg daily plus prednisone 5mg BID until progression of disease or unacceptable toxicity. Results: Between 02-05/2011, 398 patients were registered for the CUP in Germany. Data from 191/350 (47.9%) of the patients treated at 10 different sites were available for evaluation of efficacy. Median age was 70.72yrs (52.35-87.61) and patients received a median of 1 (1-4) chemotherapy lines prior to CUP entry. Median PSA at baseline was 220.5 ng/ml (0.47-4245); 168 (88%) of patients presented with bone metastasis. With regard to efficacy, 64/191 (33.5%) of the patients showed an unconfirmed PSA-response ≥50%. At a median follow-up of 5.3 months, 51/191 (26.7%) patients had died, resulting in a median PSA-progression free and overall survival of 8.3 and 10.61 months, respectively. In a subset of patients (71/191, 37.2%) data regarding objective response was available with 25/71 (35.2%) achieving an objective response. Data from 114 pts. revealed fatigue (20.3%), hot flushes (15.8%), edema (10.6%), elevated liver enzymes (8.0%) and asthenia (7.9%) being the most frequent toxicities (any grade). Conclusions: Treatment of CRPC patients with AA outside controlled clinical trials leads to considerable PSA- and objective response rates with a favourable toxicity profile, comparable to the results from COU-AA-301 registration trial. Due to the short median follow-up, conclusions regarding PSA-progression free and overall survival may not be drawn.
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Introduction: Despite advances in treatment, metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (mUCUB) is associated with high mortality and treatment risk. We tested for regional differences in mUCUB within a large-scale,... more
Introduction: Despite advances in treatment, metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (mUCUB) is associated with high mortality and treatment risk. We tested for regional differences in mUCUB within a large-scale, population-based database. Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (2010–2018), patient (age, sex, race/ethnicity), tumor (T-stage, N-stage, number of metastatic sites), and treatment (systemic therapy, radical cystectomy) characteristics were tabulated for mUCUB patients according to 11 SEER registries. Multinomial regression models and multivariable Cox regression models tested overall mortality (OM), adjusting for patient, tumor and treatment characteristics. Results: In 4817 mUCUB patients, registry-specific patient counts ranged from 1855 (38.5%) to 105 (2.2%). Important inter-regional differences existed for race/ethnicity (3–36% for others than non-Hispanic Whites), N-stage (28–39% for N1–3, 44–58% in N0, 8–22% for...
Background and Objectives: The impact of pure histological subtypes in testicular non-seminoma germ cell tumors on survival, specifically regarding pure embryonal carcinoma, is not well established. Therefore, this study aimed to test for... more
Background and Objectives: The impact of pure histological subtypes in testicular non-seminoma germ cell tumors on survival, specifically regarding pure embryonal carcinoma, is not well established. Therefore, this study aimed to test for differences between pure embryonal carcinoma and mixed germ cell tumor patients within stages I, II and III in a large population-based database. Materials and Methods: We relied on the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (2004–2019) to identify testicular pure embryonal carcinoma vs. mixed germ cell tumor patients. Cumulative incidence plots depicted cancer-specific mortality that represented the main endpoint of interest. Multivariable competing risks regression models tested for differences between pure embryonal carcinoma and mixed germ cell tumor patients in analyses addressing cancer-specific mortality and adjusted for other-cause mortality. Results: Of 11,223 patients, 2473 (22%) had pure embryonal carcinoma. Pure embr...
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We aimed to test for survival differences between testicular pure teratoma vs. mixed germ cell tumor (GCT) patients in a stage-specific fashion. Pure teratoma and mixed GCT in primary tumor specimens were identified within the... more
We aimed to test for survival differences between testicular pure teratoma vs. mixed germ cell tumor (GCT) patients in a stage-specific fashion. Pure teratoma and mixed GCT in primary tumor specimens were identified within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004–2019). Kaplan–Meier curves depicted five-year overall survival (OS) and subsequently, cumulative incidence plots depicted cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM) in a stage-specific fashion. Multivariable competing risks regression (CRR) models were used. Of 9049 patients, 299 (3%) had pure teratoma. In stage I, II and III, five-year OS rates differed between pure teratoma and mixed GCT (stage I: 91.6 vs. 97.2%, p < 0.001; stage II: 100 vs. 95.9%, p < 0.001; stage III: 66.8 vs. 77.8%, p = 0.021). In stage I, survival differences originated from higher OCM (6.4 vs. 1.2%; p < 0.001). Conversely in stage III, survival differences originated from higher CSM (29.4 vs. 19.0%;...
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Introduction and ObjectiveIdentifying patients that benefit from cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy is a major issue in the management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The purpose of this study is to correlate “luminal” and... more
Introduction and ObjectiveIdentifying patients that benefit from cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy is a major issue in the management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The purpose of this study is to correlate “luminal” and “basal” type protein expression with histological subtypes, to investigate the prognostic impact on survival after adjuvant chemotherapy and to define molecular consensus subtypes of “double negative” patients (i.e., without expression of CK5/6 or GATA3).Materials and MethodsWe performed immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of CK5/6 and GATA3 for surrogate molecular subtyping in 181 MIBC samples. The mRNA expression profiles for molecular consensus classification were determined in CK5/6 and GATA3 (double) negative cases using a transcriptome panel with 19.398 mRNA targets (HTG Molecular Diagnostics). Data of 110 patients undergoing radical cystectomy were available for survival analysis.ResultsThe expression of CK5/6 correlated with squamous histologic...