RESUMEN Este trabajo analiza la evolución temporal de la privación o pobreza multidimensional. En... more RESUMEN Este trabajo analiza la evolución temporal de la privación o pobreza multidimensional. En la mayor parte de los trabajos de la literatura relativa a dinámica y pobreza se ha analizado con detalle la evolución, tipología y factores que afectan a la pobreza monetaria. En general, se ha constatado la presencia de altas tasas de salida y reentrada en la situación de pobreza dependiendo de shocks de renta transitorios. Al ser la privación un fenómeno más estable, se espera que su evolución sea menos acusada. Para comprobar esta hipótesis, se propone utilizar modelos de Markov latentes y mixtos aplicados a los datos del Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea relativos a los años 1994 a 2001 para España. ABSTRACT This paper analyses the evolution of poverty and deprivation. Besides, the study is focused on " consistent poverty " , defined as the combination of income and living conditions. In the poverty literature, other papers show high exit and re-entry rates depending on temporary income shocks. Since deprivation is a less mobile phenomenon, one would expect that there were few transitions. These conclusions are tested by using latent and mixed Markov models. This study is based on the ECHP data for Spain (1994-2001)
La existencia o no de convergencia en la evolución de las economías regionales en España es una c... more La existencia o no de convergencia en la evolución de las economías regionales en España es una cuestión ampliamente estudiada en la literatura especializada. El instrumento normalmente utilizado es el Producto Interior Bruto per cápita, con el que se pretende una aproximación a la renta per cápita en cada uno de los territorios. Por ejemplo, la Comisión Europea compara el PIB per cápita de cada región con el 75% del valor medio de la Unión para identificar las regiones prioritarias para los fondos de la política regional europea. Las diferencias que tradicionalmente se observan en el caso español reflejan los efectos de desequilibrios que -como, por ejemplo, mostraba el anterior Informe FOESSA-a pesar de haberse reducido, continúan existiendo. Esta disparidad puede deberse, entre otros factores, a la diferente especialización sectorial de las economías regionales, las peculiaridades geográficas o naturales, las diferencias en el capital humano y social e, incluso al papel del sector público y otras instituciones políticas, económicas o sociales. Tabla 1. Distribución regional del PIB per cápita 2008-2012
The study of multidimensional deprivation has become one of the most relevant lines of research i... more The study of multidimensional deprivation has become one of the most relevant lines of research in the analysis of low-income households. The search for significant relationships between multidimensional deprivation and income poverty has been a central issue and most empirical studies have ...
ABSTRACT The study presented here is an attempt to calculate a comparative multidimensional index... more ABSTRACT The study presented here is an attempt to calculate a comparative multidimensional index of economic well-being for the Spanish Autonomous Communities. Based on the dimensions of adjusted consumption, real wealth, equity and economic security per inhabitant, we obtain one relative index using a system of uniform weightings, a second resulting from a factor analysis and a third provided by a DEA analysis. We elaborate the index for the year 2000 and for 2006, thereby providing the relative results with greater robustness and permitting some conclusions to be reached with regard to the evolution over time of the index.
ABSTRACT The effectiveness of anti-poverty programs depends on whether they raise the incomes of ... more ABSTRACT The effectiveness of anti-poverty programs depends on whether they raise the incomes of poor households. This involves an adequate measurement of poverty and appropriate approaches for defining poverty lines. This paper analyzes the extent to which poverty measures are sensitive to alternative ways of adjusting national lines by spatial price differences. First, we analyze how moving from national to regional poverty lines has an impact on the incidence and intensity of poverty. Second, we show how poverty patterns vary with alternative definitions of poverty thresholds. Using data from all Spanish regions, our results show that regional levels of poverty change with each threshold, and the orderings of regions do not remain robust to the choice of poverty lines. We also show that re-rankings are more relevant for explaining differences in the regional distribution of poverty than gap-narrowing effects when a region-specific poverty line is used. A second finding resulting from probability models and decomposition methods is that poverty profiles vary as different lines are used. In general terms, our findings provide general support to the notion that poverty policies that do not address the problem of spatial price differences might yield relevant assignment errors.
RESUMEN Este trabajo analiza la evolución temporal de la privación o pobreza multidimensional. En... more RESUMEN Este trabajo analiza la evolución temporal de la privación o pobreza multidimensional. En la mayor parte de los trabajos de la literatura relativa a dinámica y pobreza se ha analizado con detalle la evolución, tipología y factores que afectan a la pobreza monetaria. En general, se ha constatado la presencia de altas tasas de salida y reentrada en la situación de pobreza dependiendo de shocks de renta transitorios. Al ser la privación un fenómeno más estable, se espera que su evolución sea menos acusada. Para comprobar esta hipótesis, se propone utilizar modelos de Markov latentes y mixtos aplicados a los datos del Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea relativos a los años 1994 a 2001 para España. ABSTRACT This paper analyses the evolution of poverty and deprivation. Besides, the study is focused on " consistent poverty " , defined as the combination of income and living conditions. In the poverty literature, other papers show high exit and re-entry rates depending on temporary income shocks. Since deprivation is a less mobile phenomenon, one would expect that there were few transitions. These conclusions are tested by using latent and mixed Markov models. This study is based on the ECHP data for Spain (1994-2001)
La existencia o no de convergencia en la evolución de las economías regionales en España es una c... more La existencia o no de convergencia en la evolución de las economías regionales en España es una cuestión ampliamente estudiada en la literatura especializada. El instrumento normalmente utilizado es el Producto Interior Bruto per cápita, con el que se pretende una aproximación a la renta per cápita en cada uno de los territorios. Por ejemplo, la Comisión Europea compara el PIB per cápita de cada región con el 75% del valor medio de la Unión para identificar las regiones prioritarias para los fondos de la política regional europea. Las diferencias que tradicionalmente se observan en el caso español reflejan los efectos de desequilibrios que -como, por ejemplo, mostraba el anterior Informe FOESSA-a pesar de haberse reducido, continúan existiendo. Esta disparidad puede deberse, entre otros factores, a la diferente especialización sectorial de las economías regionales, las peculiaridades geográficas o naturales, las diferencias en el capital humano y social e, incluso al papel del sector público y otras instituciones políticas, económicas o sociales. Tabla 1. Distribución regional del PIB per cápita 2008-2012
The study of multidimensional deprivation has become one of the most relevant lines of research i... more The study of multidimensional deprivation has become one of the most relevant lines of research in the analysis of low-income households. The search for significant relationships between multidimensional deprivation and income poverty has been a central issue and most empirical studies have ...
ABSTRACT The study presented here is an attempt to calculate a comparative multidimensional index... more ABSTRACT The study presented here is an attempt to calculate a comparative multidimensional index of economic well-being for the Spanish Autonomous Communities. Based on the dimensions of adjusted consumption, real wealth, equity and economic security per inhabitant, we obtain one relative index using a system of uniform weightings, a second resulting from a factor analysis and a third provided by a DEA analysis. We elaborate the index for the year 2000 and for 2006, thereby providing the relative results with greater robustness and permitting some conclusions to be reached with regard to the evolution over time of the index.
ABSTRACT The effectiveness of anti-poverty programs depends on whether they raise the incomes of ... more ABSTRACT The effectiveness of anti-poverty programs depends on whether they raise the incomes of poor households. This involves an adequate measurement of poverty and appropriate approaches for defining poverty lines. This paper analyzes the extent to which poverty measures are sensitive to alternative ways of adjusting national lines by spatial price differences. First, we analyze how moving from national to regional poverty lines has an impact on the incidence and intensity of poverty. Second, we show how poverty patterns vary with alternative definitions of poverty thresholds. Using data from all Spanish regions, our results show that regional levels of poverty change with each threshold, and the orderings of regions do not remain robust to the choice of poverty lines. We also show that re-rankings are more relevant for explaining differences in the regional distribution of poverty than gap-narrowing effects when a region-specific poverty line is used. A second finding resulting from probability models and decomposition methods is that poverty profiles vary as different lines are used. In general terms, our findings provide general support to the notion that poverty policies that do not address the problem of spatial price differences might yield relevant assignment errors.
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