Research Interests:
Research Interests:
A meeting was held in Cotonou in July 1997 to consider the feasibility of implementing the Integrated Management of Childhood Diseases (Prise en Charge Integree des Maladies de lEnfance/PCIME) in Benin and to plan implementation of the... more
A meeting was held in Cotonou in July 1997 to consider the feasibility of implementing the Integrated Management of Childhood Diseases (Prise en Charge Integree des Maladies de lEnfance/PCIME) in Benin and to plan implementation of the African Integrated Malaria Initiative (AIMI) in the Oueme Department. The objectives of the meeting for the AIMI project were to introduce the project and its strategies and to discuss its relationship with the plan of action of the Ministry of Health Social Protection and the Feminine Condition. The plan of action of the Oueme Department regarding malaria control was also to be discussed. For the PCIME meeting objectives included ascertaining views of the Ministry of Health Social Protection and the Feminine Condition regarding PCIME identifying constraints and opportunities that might affect malaria control identifying the persons and institutions that should be contacted and planning the final product and presentation of results. The 5 participants...
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Research Interests: International Relations, Development Studies, International Development, Accountability, Political Science, and 12 moreGlobal Health, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Foreign Aid, Public Health, Health Systems, Health Systems Strengthening, Development Aid, Effects and influence of foreign aid in developing countries, Harm, Public health systems and services research, Health System Analysis, and Non Governmental Organizations
Background The Republic of Guinea-Bissau in West Africa has a high HIV/AIDS disease burden and has experienced political instability in the recent past. Our study used qualitative methods to better understand key stakeholders’ perceptions... more
Background The Republic of Guinea-Bissau in West Africa has a high HIV/AIDS disease burden and has experienced political instability in the recent past. Our study used qualitative methods to better understand key stakeholders’ perceptions of the effects of chronic political instability on the HIV/AIDS response in Guinea-Bissau from 2000 to 2015 and lessons learned for overcoming them. Methods Seventeen semi-structured in-depth key informant interviews were conducted in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau in 2018. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, coded thematically, and analyzed inductively. Results Four themes emerged: (1) constantly start over; (2) the effects of instability rippling from central level throughout the health pyramid; (3) vulnerable populations becoming more vulnerable; and (4) coping mechanisms. Conclusions Stakeholders from government, civil society, and donor organizations have recognized instability’s effects as a barrier to mounting an effective local respon...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
After decades on the margins of primary health care, surgical and anaesthesia care is gaining increasing priority within the global development arena. The 2015 publications of the Disease Control Priorities third edition on Essential... more
After decades on the margins of primary health care, surgical and anaesthesia care is gaining increasing priority within the global development arena. The 2015 publications of the Disease Control Priorities third edition on Essential Surgery and the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery created a compelling evidenced-based argument for the fundamental role of surgery and anaesthesia within cost-effective health systems strengthening global strategy. The launch of the Global Alliance for Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anaesthesia Care in 2015 has further coordinated efforts to build priority for surgical care and anaesthesia. These combined efforts culminated in the approval of a World Health Assembly resolution recognizing the role of surgical care and anaesthesia as part of universal health coverage. Momentum gained from these milestones highlights the need to identify consensus goals, targets and indicators to guide policy implementation and track progress at the national level. T...
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Safe surgical care, including anesthesia, obstetrics, and trauma, is an essential component of a functional health system, yet five billion people lack access to high-quality, timely and affordable surgical care. As health decision makers... more
Safe surgical care, including anesthesia, obstetrics, and trauma, is an essential component of a functional health system, yet five billion people lack access to high-quality, timely and affordable surgical care. As health decision makers are grappling with how to make appropriate investments for crisis readiness and resilience, investments in surgical care should be considered for their compounding benefits to meet a country’s diverse health goals. National Surgical, Obstetric, and Anesthesia Plans (NSOAPs) are developed through global partnerships and multi-stakeholder consensus and provide a dynamic framework for surgical scale-up that also improves the resilience of the larger health system. Our paper applies principles from the literature on health system resilience to surgical systems and examines the unique capabilities of the surgical workforce and infrastructure to be redeployed during times of crisis, using examples from the current pandemic.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Development Studies, International Development, Political Science, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), Foreign Aid, and 5 moreHealth Systems Strengthening, Development Aid, Effects and influence of foreign aid in developing countries, Public health systems and services research, and Health System Analysis
Strengthening health systems and maintaining essential service delivery during health emergencies response is critical for early detection and diagnosis, prompt treatment, and effective control of pandemics, including the novel... more
Strengthening health systems and maintaining essential service delivery during health emergencies response is critical for early detection and diagnosis, prompt treatment, and effective control of pandemics, including the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Health information systems (HIS) developed during recent Ebola outbreaks in West Africa and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) provided opportunities to collect, analyze, and distribute data to inform both day-to-day and long-term policy decisions on outbreak preparedness. As COVID-19 continues to sweep across the globe, HIS and related technological advancements remain vital for effective and sustained data sharing, contact tracing, mapping and monitoring, community risk sensitization and engagement, preventive education, and timely preparedness and response activities. In reviewing literature of how HIS could have further supported mitigation of these Ebola outbreaks and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, 3 key areas...
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Research Interests:
The US Agency for International Development (USAID) receives directives and funding through the appropriation process, though until recently, global surgery was not included in its mission. Nevertheless, an estimated five billion people... more
The US Agency for International Development (USAID) receives directives and funding through the appropriation process, though until recently, global surgery was not included in its mission. Nevertheless, an estimated five billion people lack access to safe, timely, and affordable surgical care, in large part due to lack of economic resources. Using coalition-based advocacy, the G4 Alliance successfully developed and submitted language that was incorporated into the 2020 Appropriations report language, directing USAID to financially support global surgery. This has significant implications for global surgical investment, yet few advocates are aware of the 2020 Appropriations language, let alone how they can utilize it now to advance global surgery in their respective countries. Here, we describe how advocates navigate the US appropriations process and the ways USAID funds are obtained for the purposes of global health. We also highlight the importance of coalition-based advocacy and ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
After decades on the margins of primary health care, surgical and anaesthesia care is gaining increasing priority within the global development arena. The 2015 publications of the Disease Control Priorities third edition on Essential... more
After decades on the margins of primary health care, surgical and anaesthesia care is gaining increasing priority within the global development arena. The 2015 publications of the Disease Control Priorities third edition on Essential Surgery and the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery created a compelling evidenced-based argument for the fundamental role of surgery and anaesthesia within cost-effective health systems strengthening global strategy. The launch of the Global Alliance for Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anaesthesia Care in 2015 has further coordinated efforts to build priority for surgical care and anaesthesia. These combined efforts culminated in the approval of a World Health Assembly resolution recognizing the role of surgical care and anaesthesia as part of universal health coverage. Momentum gained from these milestones highlights the need to identify consensus goals, targets and indicators to guide policy implementation and track progress at the national level. T...
Research Interests:
Background: The Republic of Guinea-Bissau in West Africa has a high HIV/AIDS disease burden and has experienced political instability in the recent past. Our study used qualitative methods to better understand key stakeholders’... more
Background: The Republic of Guinea-Bissau in West Africa has a high HIV/AIDS disease burden and has experienced political instability in the recent past. Our study used qualitative methods to better understand key stakeholders’ perceptions of the effects of chronic political instability on the HIV/AIDS response in Guinea-Bissau from 2000 to 2015 and lessons learned for overcoming them. Methods: Seventeen semi-structured in-depth key informant interviews were conducted in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau in 2018. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, coded thematically, and analyzed inductively. Results: Four themes emerged: (1) constantly start over; (2) the effects of instability rippling from central level throughout the health pyramid; (3) vulnerable populations becoming more vulnerable; and (4) coping mechanisms. Conclusions: Stakeholders from government, civil society, and donor organizations have recognized instability’s effects as a barrier to mounting an effective local re...
Research Interests:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) dramatically unveiled the fragile state of the world’s health and social systems – the lack of emergency health crisis preparedness (under-resourced, weak leadership, strategic plans without clear lines... more
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) dramatically unveiled the fragile state of the world’s health and social systems – the lack of emergency health crisis preparedness (under-resourced, weak leadership, strategic plans without clear lines of authority), siloed policy frameworks (focus on individual diseases and the lack of integration of health into the whole of societal activity and its impact on individual as well as community well-being and prosperity), and unclear communication (misguided rationale of policies, inconsistent interpretation of data). The net result is fear – about the disease, about risks and survival, and about economic security. We discuss the interdependencies among these domains and their emergent dynamics and emphasise the need for a robust distributed health system and for transparent communication as the basis for trust in the system. We conclude that systems thinking and complexity sciences should inform the redesign of strong health systems urgently to re...
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Business, Gender Studies, Malaria, Women, Housing, and 15 moreMedicine, Biological Sciences, Women and Gender Studies, Insecticides, Humans, Female, Animals, Dengue, Pest control, Chagas disease, Vector control, Tropical Climate, Socioeconomic Factors, attitude to health, and Medical and Health Sciences
The theme of the 8th edition of the Geneva Health Forum (GHF) was Improving access to health: learning from the field. While ‘the field’ often denotes people, patients, communities, and healthcare workers, we challenge the notion and its... more
The theme of the 8th edition of the Geneva Health Forum (GHF) was Improving access to health: learning from the field. While ‘the field’ often denotes people, patients, communities, and healthcare workers, we challenge the notion and its usage. A group of like-minded conference participants set up a working group to examine the term ‘the field’ and look at questions related to language, power, participation, and rights. By highlighting deficiencies of existing terms and jargon, we explain why language is a form of power that matters in public health. We describe global, regional, and national case studies that facilitate full participation to achieve more equitable health outcomes. By concluding with concrete recommendations, we hope to contribute to these shared goals: to correct power imbalances between health authorities and the people that they intend, and are expected, to serve. The authors are all members of the working group.