Air pollution models usually start from the computation of the velocity eld of the uid. In this paper, we present a model for computing such a eld based on the contribution of the observed wind o w and the vertical buoyancy or momentum... more
Air pollution models usually start from the computation of the velocity eld of the uid. In this paper, we present a model for computing such a eld based on the contribution of the observed wind o w and the vertical buoyancy or momentum plume rise dened by a Gaussian plume model. This initial velocity eld is adjusted to verify incompressibility and impermeabil- ity conditions by using a mass consistent model. In this environmental modelling that occur in a three-dimensional domain dened over complex terrain, a mesh generator capable of adapting itself to the topographical data and to the numerical solution is essential. Here, the unstructured tetrahedral meshes are generated by combining the use of a renemen t/derenemen t algorithm for two-dimensional domains and a tetrahedral mesh generator based on Delaunay triangulation. Occa- sionally in this process, low quality or even inverted elements may appear. For this reason, we have developed a simultaneous untangling and smoothing proce...
Research Interests:
Secretaria de Estado de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion del Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad del Gobierno de Espana; Fondos FEDER.
Research Interests:
This chapter is devoted to the introduction of some geographical and meteorological information involved in the numerical modeling of wind fields and solar radiation. First, a brief description of the topographical data given by a Digital... more
This chapter is devoted to the introduction of some geographical and meteorological information involved in the numerical modeling of wind fields and solar radiation. First, a brief description of the topographical data given by a Digital Elevation Model and Land Cover databases is provided. In particular, the Information System of Land Cover of Spain (SIOSE) is considered. The study is focused on the roughness length and the displacement height parameters that appear in the logarithmic wind profile, as well as in the albedo related to solar radiation computation. An extended literature review and characterization of both parameters are reported. Next, the concept of atmospheric stability is introduced from the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory to the recent revision of Zilitinkevich of the Neutral and Stable Boundary Layers (SBL). The latter considers the effect of the free-flow static stability and baroclinicity on the turbulent transport of momentum and of the Convective Boundary L...
Research Interests:
Abstract Canary Islands and other regions have been greatly damaged by weather events during the last decades. For this reason, the main duty of National Meteorological Services is to minimize socio-economic losses by forecasting adverse... more
Abstract Canary Islands and other regions have been greatly damaged by weather events during the last decades. For this reason, the main duty of National Meteorological Services is to minimize socio-economic losses by forecasting adverse weather episodes with enough time in advance. To achieve this goal, the use of numerical weather prediction models is highly relevant. And, even more crucial, is to comprehend the model accuracy. In this paper, an exhaustive sensitivity analysis of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model over the Canary Islands has been carried out. The complex terrain of the archipelago makes the islands a test bench of high interest. Four scores were used to assess the accuracy of the model configurations: Bias, mean absolute error (MAE), root of the Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and the correlation coefficient (r). Initially, twenty-five WRF model configurations were considered. However, a preliminary test discarded inadequate configurations, and reduced the number to six. The variables of interest were air temperature at 2 m (T2m), maximum 1-h wind gust at 10 m and 3-h rainfall accumulation. The results indicated a systematic wind speed underestimation. This underestimation is related to the influence of the location and the complex orography. The most accurate wind forecasts were obtained using the Mellor-Yamada-Janjic Planetary Boudary Layer (PBL) scheme with the WSM6 microphysics (MP) scheme. Another major conclusion is that, for precipitation, the PBL scheme has a greater impact than the MP scheme. Finally, the results show that the Boulac – Thompson combination is the most accurate regarding T2m forecast.
Research Interests:
Solar maps are very interesting tools to describe the characteristics of a region from the solar radiation point of view, and can be applied in atmospheric sciences and for energy engineering. To make them possible, a solar radiation... more
Solar maps are very interesting tools to describe the characteristics of a region from the solar radiation point of view, and can be applied in atmospheric sciences and for energy engineering. To make them possible, a solar radiation numerical model is proposed. This one allows us to estimate radiation values on any point on earth. The model takes into account the terrain surface conditions and the cast shadows. The procedure uses 2-D adaptive triangles meshes built refining according to surface and albedo characteristics. Solar irradiance values are obtained for clear sky conditions. Using clear sky index as a conversion factor, real sky values are computed in terms of irradiance or irradiation with a desired time step. Finally, the solar radiation maps are obtained for all the domain.
Research Interests:
Air pollution models usually start from the computation of the velocity eld of the uid. In this paper, we present a model for computing such a eld based on the contribution of the observed wind o w and the vertical buoyancy or momentum... more
Air pollution models usually start from the computation of the velocity eld of the uid. In this paper, we present a model for computing such a eld based on the contribution of the observed wind o w and the vertical buoyancy or momentum plume rise dened by a Gaussian plume model. This initial velocity eld is adjusted to verify incompressibility and impermeabil- ity conditions by using a mass consistent model. In this environmental modelling that occur in a three-dimensional domain dened over complex terrain, a mesh generator capable of adapting itself to the topographical data and to the numerical solution is essential. Here, the unstructured tetrahedral meshes are generated by combining the use of a renemen t/derenemen t algorithm for two-dimensional domains and a tetrahedral mesh generator based on Delaunay triangulation. Occa- sionally in this process, low quality or even inverted elements may appear. For this reason, we have developed a simultaneous untangling and smoothing proce...
Research Interests:
Secretaria de Estado de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion del Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad del Gobierno de Espana; Fondos FEDER.
Research Interests:
This chapter is devoted to the introduction of some geographical and meteorological information involved in the numerical modeling of wind fields and solar radiation. First, a brief description of the topographical data given by a Digital... more
This chapter is devoted to the introduction of some geographical and meteorological information involved in the numerical modeling of wind fields and solar radiation. First, a brief description of the topographical data given by a Digital Elevation Model and Land Cover databases is provided. In particular, the Information System of Land Cover of Spain (SIOSE) is considered. The study is focused on the roughness length and the displacement height parameters that appear in the logarithmic wind profile, as well as in the albedo related to solar radiation computation. An extended literature review and characterization of both parameters are reported. Next, the concept of atmospheric stability is introduced from the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory to the recent revision of Zilitinkevich of the Neutral and Stable Boundary Layers (SBL). The latter considers the effect of the free-flow static stability and baroclinicity on the turbulent transport of momentum and of the Convective Boundary L...
Research Interests:
Abstract Canary Islands and other regions have been greatly damaged by weather events during the last decades. For this reason, the main duty of National Meteorological Services is to minimize socio-economic losses by forecasting adverse... more
Abstract Canary Islands and other regions have been greatly damaged by weather events during the last decades. For this reason, the main duty of National Meteorological Services is to minimize socio-economic losses by forecasting adverse weather episodes with enough time in advance. To achieve this goal, the use of numerical weather prediction models is highly relevant. And, even more crucial, is to comprehend the model accuracy. In this paper, an exhaustive sensitivity analysis of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model over the Canary Islands has been carried out. The complex terrain of the archipelago makes the islands a test bench of high interest. Four scores were used to assess the accuracy of the model configurations: Bias, mean absolute error (MAE), root of the Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and the correlation coefficient (r). Initially, twenty-five WRF model configurations were considered. However, a preliminary test discarded inadequate configurations, and reduced the number to six. The variables of interest were air temperature at 2 m (T2m), maximum 1-h wind gust at 10 m and 3-h rainfall accumulation. The results indicated a systematic wind speed underestimation. This underestimation is related to the influence of the location and the complex orography. The most accurate wind forecasts were obtained using the Mellor-Yamada-Janjic Planetary Boudary Layer (PBL) scheme with the WSM6 microphysics (MP) scheme. Another major conclusion is that, for precipitation, the PBL scheme has a greater impact than the MP scheme. Finally, the results show that the Boulac – Thompson combination is the most accurate regarding T2m forecast.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
In order to find a map of wind velocities, this study tries to obtain an incompressible wind field that adjusts to an experimental one: also verifying the corresponding boundary conditions of physical interest. This problem has been... more
In order to find a map of wind velocities, this study tries to obtain an incompressible wind field that adjusts to an experimental one: also verifying the corresponding boundary conditions of physical interest. This problem has been solved by several authors using finite differences or standard finite element techniques. In this paper, this problem is solved by two different adaptive
Research Interests: Engineering, Computer Science, Wind Energy, Mesh generation, Hybrid and mixed finite element methods, and 15 moreNumerical Analysis, Finite element method, Finite Element, Solar Energy, Mathematical Model, Potential Function, Finite Difference, Adaptive Finite Element Method, Boundary Condition, Point of View, Velocity Field, Informing Science, Wind Velocity, Linear Interpolation, and Mixed Finite Element
In this paper, we present significant advances of the novel meccano technique for simultaneously constructing adaptive tetrahedral meshes of 3-D complex solids and their volume parametrization. Specifically, we will consider a solid whose... more
In this paper, we present significant advances of the novel meccano technique for simultaneously constructing adaptive tetrahedral meshes of 3-D complex solids and their volume parametrization. Specifically, we will consider a solid whose boundary is a surface of genus zero. In this particular case, the automatic procedure is defined by a surface triangulation of the solid, a simple meccano composed by one cube and a tolerance that fixes the desired approximation of the solid surface. The main idea is based on an automatic mapping from the cube faces to the solid surface, a 3-D local refinement algorithm and a simultaneous mesh untangling and smoothing procedure. Although the initial surface triangulation can be a poor quality mesh, the meccano technique constructs high quality surface and volume adaptive meshes. Several examples show the efficiency of the proposed technique. Future possibilities of the meccano method for meshing a complex solid, whose boundary is a surface of genus greater than zero, are commented.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
ABSTRACT Solute transport in soils is commonly simulated with the advective-dispersive equation, or ADE. It has been reported that this model cannot take into account several important features of solute movement through soil. Recently, a... more
ABSTRACT Solute transport in soils is commonly simulated with the advective-dispersive equation, or ADE. It has been reported that this model cannot take into account several important features of solute movement through soil. Recently, a new model has been suggested ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
This chapter describes Wind3D, a mass-consistent diagnostic model with an updated vertical wind profile and atmospheric parameterization. First, a description of Wind3D is provided, along with their governing equations. Next, the finite... more
This chapter describes Wind3D, a mass-consistent diagnostic model with an updated vertical wind profile and atmospheric parameterization. First, a description of Wind3D is provided, along with their governing equations. Next, the finite element formulation of the model and the description of the solver of the corresponding linear system are presented. The model requires an initial wind field, interpolated from data obtained in a few points of the domain. It is constructed using a logarithmic wind profile that considers the effect of both stable boundary layer (SBL) and the convective boundary layer (CBL). One important aspect of mass-consistent models is that they are quite sensitive to the values of some of their parameters. To deal with this problem, a strategy for parameter estimation based on a memetic algorithm is presented. Finally, a numerical experiment over complex terrain is presented along with some concluding remarks.
Research Interests:
A solar radiation numerical model is presented. It is intented to be useful for different purposes like the evaluation of the suitability of possible locations for solar power stations. This model allows the user to evaluate the radiation... more
A solar radiation numerical model is presented. It is intented to be useful for different purposes like the evaluation of the suitability of possible locations for solar power stations. This model allows the user to evaluate the radiation values in any location easily, and estimate the solar power generation taking into account not only the radiation level, but also the terrain surface conditions considering the cast shadows. The solar radiation model is implemented taking into account the terrain surface using 2-D adaptive meshes of triangles, which are constructed using a refinement/derefinement procedure in accordance with the variations of terrain surface and albedo. The selected methodology defines the terrain characteristics with a minimum number of points so that computational cost is reduced for a given accuracy. The model can be used to find the optimal location for obtaining the maximum power generation. For this purpose, the effect of shadows is considered in each time st...
Research Interests:
Secretaria de Estado de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion del Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad del Gobierno de Espana; Fondos FEDER
Research Interests:
This chapter is devoted to the introduction of some geographical and meteorological information involved in the numerical modeling of wind fields and solar radiation. Firstly, a brief description of the topographical data given by a... more
This chapter is devoted to the introduction of some geographical and meteorological information involved in the numerical modeling of wind fields and solar radiation. Firstly, a brief description of the topographical data given by a Digital Elevation Model and Land Cover databases are provided. In particular, the Information System of Land Cover of Spain (SIOSE) is considered. The study is focused in the roughness length and the displacement height parameters that appear in the logarithmic wind profile, as well as in the albedo related to solar radiation computation. An extended literature review and characterization of both parameters are reported. Next, the concept of atmospheric stability is introduced from the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory to the recent revision of Zilitinkevich of the Neutral and Stable Boundary Layers (SBL). The latter considers the effect of the free-flow static stability and baroclinicity on the turbulent transport of momentum and of the Convective Boundar...
A novel phenomenological epidemic model is proposed to characterize the state of infectious diseases and predict their behaviors. This model is given by a new stochastic partial differential equation that is derived from foundations of... more
A novel phenomenological epidemic model is proposed to characterize the state of infectious diseases and predict their behaviors. This model is given by a new stochastic partial differential equation that is derived from foundations of statistical physics. The analytical solution of this equation describes the spatio-temporal evolution of a Gaussian probability density function. Our proposal can be applied to several epidemic variables such as infected, deaths, or admitted-to-the-Intensive Care Unit (ICU). To measure model performance, we quantify the error of the model fit to real time-series datasets and generate forecasts for all the phases of the COVID-19, Ebola, and Zika epidemics. All parameters and model uncertainties are numerically quantified. The new model is compared with other phenomenological models such as Logistic Grow, Original, and Generalized Richards Growth models. When the models are used to describe epidemic trajectories that register infected individuals, this ...
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Introducing a new hobby for other people may inspire them to join with you. Reading, as one of mutual hobby, is considered as the very easy hobby to do. But, many people are not interested in this hobby. Why? Boring is the reason of why.... more
Introducing a new hobby for other people may inspire them to join with you. Reading, as one of mutual hobby, is considered as the very easy hobby to do. But, many people are not interested in this hobby. Why? Boring is the reason of why. However, this feel actually can deal with the book and time of you reading. Yeah, one that we will refer to break the boredom in reading is choosing innovation in engineering computational technology as the reading material.
In this work, it is introduced a methodology for solving the problem of sparse matrices reordering using evolutionary algorithms, which can be handled as a combinatorial NP-class problem. Evolutionary algorithms are more flexible... more
In this work, it is introduced a methodology for solving the problem of sparse matrices reordering using evolutionary algorithms, which can be handled as a combinatorial NP-class problem. Evolutionary algorithms are more flexible techniques that allow this reordering considering location and also values of the non zero entries of the matrix. Different fitness functions are proposed and studied comparatively. Moreover, the obtained results are compared with a classical procedure, the inverse Cuthill-McKee ordering. Finally, a seeded approach that combines both strategies, whose results outperform the previous ones, is introduced
ABSTRACT