This article presents an overview of different theories that describe teachers' knowledge, th... more This article presents an overview of different theories that describe teachers' knowledge, the main trends with regard to educational innovation and proposals concerning the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in teachers' learning and innovation. In this framework, the roles of ICT for teachers' learning and innovation are presented. Based on this, it concludes that, although there are many theories that describe teachers' knowledge, there is still a need to research and understand the type of knowledge resulting from their intersections prior to being able to more precisely identify teachers' learning needs and, once identified, define the particular role that ICT will play in supporting the learning process.
El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer la percepción de aprendizaje de estudiantes de primar... more El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer la percepción de aprendizaje de estudiantes de primaria y secundaria durante la enseñanza remota y los factores contextuales y pedagógicos que explican dicha percepción. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa basada en la aplicación de una encuesta, validada a través de panel de expertos, a una muestra no probabilística de 8.538 estudiantes (4.598 de primaria y 3.940 de secundaria) de la Región de La Araucanía de Chile, quienes fueron seleccionados por su nivel educativo y por pertenecer a establecimientos públicos que aceptaron ser parte del estudio. Los resultados permiten determinar que, a pesar del cambio de modalidad de enseñanza, un poco más de un tercio de las y los estudiantes consideran haber aprendido mucho durante el primer año de pandemia, siendo estudiantes de enseñanza básica, del área urbana y con acceso a tecnología quienes presentaron una mayor percepción de aprendizaje. Los principales factores pedagógicos que permiten e...
Human Technology is an interdisciplinary, scholarly journal that presents innovative, peer-review... more Human Technology is an interdisciplinary, scholarly journal that presents innovative, peer-reviewed articles exploring the issues and challenges surrounding human-technology interaction and the human role in all areas of our ICT-infused societies. Human Technology is published by the Agora Center, University of Jyväskylä and distributed without a charge online.
This paper presents the main results of a national survey of the Chilean educational ICT infrastr... more This paper presents the main results of a national survey of the Chilean educational ICT infrastructure and its implementation in schools, and it puts these results in an international perspective. The survey was carried out in 1999 and its design followed the guidelines of the international SITES M1 study, sponsored by the IEA. In general terms, the results presented in this report place Chile in quite a good position in the international ranking with respect to several indicators related to ICT in education, especially in teacher training. Moreover, on many indicators Chile's results are similar or even better than the ones shown by developed countries such as Japan, Italy and France. Also, they show some challenges related to the provision of infrastructure (hardware) and ICT resources (software), particularly in primary education. Finally, they show opportunities for deepening further the instructional use of ICT in schools.
Much of the research on the use of computers in education either looks at the computer as a cogni... more Much of the research on the use of computers in education either looks at the computer as a cognitive tool or as a catalyst for change aimed at fostering students' learning and changing teachers' actual routines. However, neither of these perspectives gives much consideration to the teaching framework in which the computer is actually used. In order to address this issue, a case study was designed to explore teachers' concepts and beliefs about computers. In this case study two teachers were involved in a software development process, and observation of their discussions during this process was used as a technique to uncover the teachers' beliefs about using computers. The case study led to a model of how teachers use computers in classroom teaching. This model conceptualizes the computer as a teaching resource that helps teachers to develop their teaching strategy, replacing the teachers in their role of managing students' rehearsal of materials and serving as a...
Abstract: This paper explores the consequences for the design, development and evaluation of educ... more Abstract: This paper explores the consequences for the design, development and evaluation of educational software of a model of understanding information technology based upon teachers' concepts and beliefs about this technology. The model was the result of a case ...
ICT-Supported Innovations in Small Countries and Developing Regions, 2017
The widespread availability and use of ICT in society, in general, is leading teachers and studen... more The widespread availability and use of ICT in society, in general, is leading teachers and students to use these tools to complement their teaching and learning processes outside the traditional classroom context. However, the evidence shows that many students and teachers lack the digital skills needed to make effective use of these tools; which limits their potential impact, can have negative consequences for students’ learning, and can increase educational inequalities, especially in developing countries. Against this backdrop, based on a literature review of international studies and ICT in educational policies of developing countries, this chapter presents and discusses the challenges to ICT in education policies that this new scenario poses, including the definition of the set of digital skills that teachers and students need to acquire, the integration of these skills in the curriculum, the design and implementation of strategies to ensure that teachers and students develop these skills, and the design and implementation of pedagogical methods that take advantage of these skills in the teaching and learning of traditional subject areas. Based on this evidence, the chapter highlights the challenges and opportunities to address.
The selection, and use of educational software and its impact in schools are still controversial ... more The selection, and use of educational software and its impact in schools are still controversial issues. In this paper we present an alternative conceptualisation of educational software based on considering the software as an instrument for teachers' professional performance. We review previous work in the areas of the design, development and evaluation of educational software and of the process of
El objetivo de este trabajo es describir un metodo para desarrollar software educativo. El metodo... more El objetivo de este trabajo es describir un metodo para desarrollar software educativo. El metodo descrito se esta aplicando y perfeccionando en el proyecto Enlaces, actualmente en ejecucion en la Universidad de la Frontera y que es parte del programa MECE del Ministerio de Educacion de Chile. El proyecto Enlaces esta instalando una red de escuelas primarias y secundarias urbanas y rurales en Chile, entre los anos 1993 y 2000.
This paper presents a concise overview of Enlaces, which is the ICT in Education initiative of th... more This paper presents a concise overview of Enlaces, which is the ICT in Education initiative of the Chilean Educational Reform. Enlaces long term goal is to achieve the harmonic and widespread insertion and use of information and communication technologies into the Chilean educational system, and particularly, into every school’s culture. At the core of the program’s strategy to successfully integrate these technologies to improve teaching and learning opportunities for children in the public school system, lies the training and support offered to classroom teachers as well as the national infrastructure that supports these processes. After successfully incorporating more than five thousand schools over a period of seven years, the new challenges that Enlaces is facing are to increase rural coverage, to train all of the country’s teachers, to improve and expand the technological infrastructure, to increase and update the educational content and services provided over the Internet and...
This paper presents the main results of a national survey of the Chilean educational ICT infrastr... more This paper presents the main results of a national survey of the Chilean educational ICT infrastructure and its implementation in schools, and it puts these results in an international perspective. The survey was carried out in 1999 and its design followed the guidelines of the international SITES M1 study, sponsored by the IEA. In general terms, the results presented in this report place Chile in quite a good position in the international ranking with respect to several indicators related to ICT in education, especially in teacher training. Moreover, on many indicators Chile's results are similar or even better than the ones shown by developed countries such as Japan, Italy and France. Also, they show some challenges related to the provision of infrastructure (hardware) and ICT resources (software), particularly in primary education. Finally, they show opportunities for deepening further the instructional use of ICT in schools.
This article presents an overview of different theories that describe teachers' knowledge, th... more This article presents an overview of different theories that describe teachers' knowledge, the main trends with regard to educational innovation and proposals concerning the role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in teachers' learning and innovation. In this framework, the roles of ICT for teachers' learning and innovation are presented. Based on this, it concludes that, although there are many theories that describe teachers' knowledge, there is still a need to research and understand the type of knowledge resulting from their intersections prior to being able to more precisely identify teachers' learning needs and, once identified, define the particular role that ICT will play in supporting the learning process.
El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer la percepción de aprendizaje de estudiantes de primar... more El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer la percepción de aprendizaje de estudiantes de primaria y secundaria durante la enseñanza remota y los factores contextuales y pedagógicos que explican dicha percepción. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa basada en la aplicación de una encuesta, validada a través de panel de expertos, a una muestra no probabilística de 8.538 estudiantes (4.598 de primaria y 3.940 de secundaria) de la Región de La Araucanía de Chile, quienes fueron seleccionados por su nivel educativo y por pertenecer a establecimientos públicos que aceptaron ser parte del estudio. Los resultados permiten determinar que, a pesar del cambio de modalidad de enseñanza, un poco más de un tercio de las y los estudiantes consideran haber aprendido mucho durante el primer año de pandemia, siendo estudiantes de enseñanza básica, del área urbana y con acceso a tecnología quienes presentaron una mayor percepción de aprendizaje. Los principales factores pedagógicos que permiten e...
Human Technology is an interdisciplinary, scholarly journal that presents innovative, peer-review... more Human Technology is an interdisciplinary, scholarly journal that presents innovative, peer-reviewed articles exploring the issues and challenges surrounding human-technology interaction and the human role in all areas of our ICT-infused societies. Human Technology is published by the Agora Center, University of Jyväskylä and distributed without a charge online.
This paper presents the main results of a national survey of the Chilean educational ICT infrastr... more This paper presents the main results of a national survey of the Chilean educational ICT infrastructure and its implementation in schools, and it puts these results in an international perspective. The survey was carried out in 1999 and its design followed the guidelines of the international SITES M1 study, sponsored by the IEA. In general terms, the results presented in this report place Chile in quite a good position in the international ranking with respect to several indicators related to ICT in education, especially in teacher training. Moreover, on many indicators Chile's results are similar or even better than the ones shown by developed countries such as Japan, Italy and France. Also, they show some challenges related to the provision of infrastructure (hardware) and ICT resources (software), particularly in primary education. Finally, they show opportunities for deepening further the instructional use of ICT in schools.
Much of the research on the use of computers in education either looks at the computer as a cogni... more Much of the research on the use of computers in education either looks at the computer as a cognitive tool or as a catalyst for change aimed at fostering students' learning and changing teachers' actual routines. However, neither of these perspectives gives much consideration to the teaching framework in which the computer is actually used. In order to address this issue, a case study was designed to explore teachers' concepts and beliefs about computers. In this case study two teachers were involved in a software development process, and observation of their discussions during this process was used as a technique to uncover the teachers' beliefs about using computers. The case study led to a model of how teachers use computers in classroom teaching. This model conceptualizes the computer as a teaching resource that helps teachers to develop their teaching strategy, replacing the teachers in their role of managing students' rehearsal of materials and serving as a...
Abstract: This paper explores the consequences for the design, development and evaluation of educ... more Abstract: This paper explores the consequences for the design, development and evaluation of educational software of a model of understanding information technology based upon teachers' concepts and beliefs about this technology. The model was the result of a case ...
ICT-Supported Innovations in Small Countries and Developing Regions, 2017
The widespread availability and use of ICT in society, in general, is leading teachers and studen... more The widespread availability and use of ICT in society, in general, is leading teachers and students to use these tools to complement their teaching and learning processes outside the traditional classroom context. However, the evidence shows that many students and teachers lack the digital skills needed to make effective use of these tools; which limits their potential impact, can have negative consequences for students’ learning, and can increase educational inequalities, especially in developing countries. Against this backdrop, based on a literature review of international studies and ICT in educational policies of developing countries, this chapter presents and discusses the challenges to ICT in education policies that this new scenario poses, including the definition of the set of digital skills that teachers and students need to acquire, the integration of these skills in the curriculum, the design and implementation of strategies to ensure that teachers and students develop these skills, and the design and implementation of pedagogical methods that take advantage of these skills in the teaching and learning of traditional subject areas. Based on this evidence, the chapter highlights the challenges and opportunities to address.
The selection, and use of educational software and its impact in schools are still controversial ... more The selection, and use of educational software and its impact in schools are still controversial issues. In this paper we present an alternative conceptualisation of educational software based on considering the software as an instrument for teachers' professional performance. We review previous work in the areas of the design, development and evaluation of educational software and of the process of
El objetivo de este trabajo es describir un metodo para desarrollar software educativo. El metodo... more El objetivo de este trabajo es describir un metodo para desarrollar software educativo. El metodo descrito se esta aplicando y perfeccionando en el proyecto Enlaces, actualmente en ejecucion en la Universidad de la Frontera y que es parte del programa MECE del Ministerio de Educacion de Chile. El proyecto Enlaces esta instalando una red de escuelas primarias y secundarias urbanas y rurales en Chile, entre los anos 1993 y 2000.
This paper presents a concise overview of Enlaces, which is the ICT in Education initiative of th... more This paper presents a concise overview of Enlaces, which is the ICT in Education initiative of the Chilean Educational Reform. Enlaces long term goal is to achieve the harmonic and widespread insertion and use of information and communication technologies into the Chilean educational system, and particularly, into every school’s culture. At the core of the program’s strategy to successfully integrate these technologies to improve teaching and learning opportunities for children in the public school system, lies the training and support offered to classroom teachers as well as the national infrastructure that supports these processes. After successfully incorporating more than five thousand schools over a period of seven years, the new challenges that Enlaces is facing are to increase rural coverage, to train all of the country’s teachers, to improve and expand the technological infrastructure, to increase and update the educational content and services provided over the Internet and...
This paper presents the main results of a national survey of the Chilean educational ICT infrastr... more This paper presents the main results of a national survey of the Chilean educational ICT infrastructure and its implementation in schools, and it puts these results in an international perspective. The survey was carried out in 1999 and its design followed the guidelines of the international SITES M1 study, sponsored by the IEA. In general terms, the results presented in this report place Chile in quite a good position in the international ranking with respect to several indicators related to ICT in education, especially in teacher training. Moreover, on many indicators Chile's results are similar or even better than the ones shown by developed countries such as Japan, Italy and France. Also, they show some challenges related to the provision of infrastructure (hardware) and ICT resources (software), particularly in primary education. Finally, they show opportunities for deepening further the instructional use of ICT in schools.
Hinostroza, J. E. (2018). New Challenges for ICT in Education Policies in Developing Countries: T... more Hinostroza, J. E. (2018). New Challenges for ICT in Education Policies in Developing Countries: The need to account for the widespread use of ICT for teaching and learning outside the school. In I. Lubin (Ed.), ICT-supported innovations in small countries and developing regions: Perspectives and recommendations for international education (pp. 99-119). New York: Springer.
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