DCTA

Lipophilic extracts of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves were tested for their possible role on rodent models of depression and stress. Lipophilic extracts of Ginkgo leaves (LEG) at (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited dose dependent, significant antidepressant activity in the behavioral despair test and learned helplessness rodent model of depression. The activities were comparable to that of imipramine (15 mg/kg) and EGb 761 (50 mg/kg). In the cold immobilization stress induced gastric ulcer model of stress, only the LEG showed a significant reduction in the ulcer index. GC-MS characterization of this bioactive extract was found to be rich in a group of 6-alkyl salicylates (6-AS), along with a fatty alcohol, fatty acids and cardanols. The n-heptadecenyl salicylate represented 60% of the 6-AS. Notable was the absence of dihydroxy alkylphenols which are linked to allergic reactions similar to the urushiols present in poison ivy. In commercial products of Ginkgo, these dihydroxy phenols as well as the favorable 6-AS are removed during enrichment of flavonol glycosides and terpenic lactones. The current findings suggest that intact carboxylic acid groups containing 6-AS are the bioactive components of the lipophilic extract of Ginkgo leaves with antidepressant and antistress activities.

... 'Chimarrita' peach (300 fruit) was harvested with a flesh firmness of 83.61 N, soluble solids content of 11.27 °Brix, 8.7 mequiv. 100 mL −1 of organic acids and background color of 107.03 °h, while 'Granada' (300 fruit) was harvested ...

Association between molecular, physiological, and chemical changes during developmental stages of ‘Camarosa’ strawberry were investigated. Fruit were evaluated for flesh firmness, L-ascorbic acid, total phenolic content and volatile compounds, antioxidant capacity, and transcript accumulation of putative genes: expansin (Exp), pectate lyase (PL), pectin methylesterase (PME), polygalacturonase (PG), β-galactosidase (β-Gal), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), L-galactose dehydrogenase (LGalDH) and

Butia is a genus of palms (Arecaceae), autochthonous to South America with great potential for income generation. In order to better utilize and maintain the currently available genetic resources, it is necessary to pursue studies directed towards the taxonomic and systematic characterization (morphological, phenotypic, molecular, chemical, and reproductive) and conservation of Butia spp. Despite the long use of this plant, a limited number of scientific studies and publications are available on Butia spp., with a significant proportion of the literature written in Portuguese. This review intends to compile all the available information on the genus, covering several aspects of the plant and its potential applications.