Papers by Joseph H Manson
Personality and Individual Differences, 2020
Recent research suggests the validity of the construct of Left-wing Authoritarianism (LWA). Like ... more Recent research suggests the validity of the construct of Left-wing Authoritarianism (LWA). Like its well-studied parallel construct Right-wing Authoritarianism, LWA is characterized by dogmatism, punitive attitudes toward dissenters, and desire for strong authority figures. In contrast to RWA, LWA mobilizes these traits on behalf of left-wing values (e.g. anti-racism, anti-sexism, and wealth redistribution). I inductively examined the extent to which RWA and LWA predicted, in April 2020, Americans' endorsement of 19 authoritarian policies and practices intended to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. For 11 of these policies (e.g. abrogating the right to trial by jury for pandemic-related crimes), both RWA and LWA independently positively predicted endorsement. These findings are consistent with recent work showing psychological similarities between the two constructs.
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Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology, 2020
Life History (LH) Theory explains how organisms allocate energy among the competing demands of gr... more Life History (LH) Theory explains how organisms allocate energy among the competing demands of growth and maintenance (i.e., investment in future reproduction), mating effort, and parenting effort. LH profile is thought to be influenced by cues of extrinsic mortality and morbidity. Human LH strategies have been conceptualized on a fast-slow continuum and have been measured via biometric indicators (e.g., developmental timing) and psychometric indictors (e.g., personality traits). We tested, in a sample of 370 U.S. undergraduates, a model in which associations of early life adversity on psychometrically assessed LH profile are mediated by biometrically assessed LH indicators (e.g., developmental timing; somatic state). The complete model was not supported. Several direct and indirect paths were consistent with theory-driven predictions, but other findings were inconsistent with LH-based hypotheses. Best fitting models differed by sex, such that an association existed between males’ psychometric LH profile and neighborhood stress, father closeness, and somatic state (telomere length), whereas an association existed between females’ developmental timing with adult LH profile and father closeness. While indirect paths did not approach statistical significance, we conclude that an integrative approach to the assessment and modeling of LH variation holds substantial promise for future research.
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Human Nature, 2020
Life history theory is a fruitful source of testable hypotheses about human individual difference... more Life history theory is a fruitful source of testable hypotheses about human individual differences. However, this field of study is beset by unresolved debates about basic concepts and methods. One of these controversies concerns the usefulness of instruments that purport to tap a unidimensional life history (LH) factor based on a set of self-reported personality, social, and attitudinal variables. Here, we take a novel approach to analyzing the psychometrics of two variants of the Arizona Life History Battery: the Mini-K and the K-SF-42. Psychological network analysis generates models in which psychological variables (thoughts, feelings, or behaviors) comprise the nodes of a network, while partial correlation coefficients between these variables comprise the edges of the network. Centrality indices (strength, closeness, and betweenness) operationalize each node's importance, based on the pattern of the connections in which that node plays a role. Because childhood environments are hypothesized to influence adult LH, we tested the hypothesis that among the Mini-K items, and the K-SF-42 scales, those that tap relationships with parents are central to the networks (pairwise Markov random fields) constructed from these instruments. In an MTurk sample and an undergraduate sample that completed the Mini-K, and an MTurk sample that completed the K-SF-42, this hypothesis was falsified. Indeed, the relationships with parents items were among the most peripheral in all three networks. We propose that network analysis, as an alternative to latent variable modeling, offers considerable potential to test hypotheses about the input-output mappings of specific evolved psychological mechanisms.
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Folia Primatologica
Although avoidance of predators has long been thought to play a major role in the evolution of pr... more Although avoidance of predators has long been thought to play a major role in the evolution of primate sociality [van Schaik, 1983], there are relatively few data on predation attempts on primates and the responses of primates to attacks by predators [Stanford, 2002]. Wild ...
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An Interdisciplinary, Searchable, and Linkable Resource, 2015
ABSTRACT Among many nonhuman animals, individuals differ consistently in their response tendencie... more ABSTRACT Among many nonhuman animals, individuals differ consistently in their response tendencies (e.g. shy vs. bold) across multiple contexts. Researchers have tested evolutionary hypotheses accounting for these phenomena, and have also begun exploring evolutionary explanations for human personality variation. For evolutionary biologists, a trait’s significance lies in its effects on fitness, i.e. the lifetime reproductive success of individuals who bear the trait, including indirect effects through the reproductive success of genetic relatives. Recent evolutionary personality research has pursued several alternative theoretical lines of inquiry: balancing selection models explore whether optimal levels of personality traits vary across time, space, or trait frequency distribution; mutation-selection balance models propose that selection for a single optimum personality configuration is undermined by mutations at multiple genetic loci; and facultative calibration models hold that personality trait levels are adjusted, during individual development, to other characteristics that affect social bargaining power. A promising general approach links personality variation to variation in life history strategy, i.e. the allocation of effort among the competing demands of growth, somatic maintenance, mate acquisition and parental investment. Emerging areas of research include relationships between personality variation and biological fitness in humans and other primates; the extent to which personality traits levels are adjusted based on individual condition; the degree to which situational flexibility varies among individuals; and whether proposed structural models of personality, such as the human Five Factor Model (Extraversion, Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience) are species-typical or are affected by variable ecological and social conditions.
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Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology, 1997
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Primates, 1996
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Primates, 1995
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Folia Primatologica, 2004
Sorry, there is no abstract. Read the first few lines of the text instead! Infanticide by male pr... more Sorry, there is no abstract. Read the first few lines of the text instead! Infanticide by male primates is widespread [van Schaik, 2000], though debate continues about its adaptive significance [Sussman et al., 1995; Hrdy et al., 1995]. Here we report one observed and ...
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Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews, 2005
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Current Biology, 2006
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Current Anthropology, 1991
Page 1. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY Volume 32, Number 4, August-October I99I ?I99I by The Wenner-Gren Fo... more Page 1. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY Volume 32, Number 4, August-October I99I ?I99I by The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research. All nghts reserved OOII-3204/9I/3204-OOOI$2.50 Intergroup Aggression in Chimpanzees and Humans1 ...
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Current Anthropology, 2008
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Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1991
APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser c... more APA PsycNET Our Apologies! - The following features are not available with your current Browser configuration. - alerts user that their session is about to expire - display, print, save, export, and email selected records - get My ...
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Animal Behaviour, 1996
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Animal Behaviour, 2004
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Animal Behaviour, 2008
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American Journal of Primatology, 2010
Theory and a growing body of empirical evidence suggest that higher ranking males experience repr... more Theory and a growing body of empirical evidence suggest that higher ranking males experience reproductive advantages in group-living mammals. White-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) exhibit an interesting social system for investigating the relationship between dominance and reproductive success (RS) because they live in multimale multifemale social groups, in which the alpha males can have extraordinarily long tenures (i.e. they coreside with daughters of reproductive age). Genetic paternity was determined from fecal samples for 120 infants born into three social groups of wild C. capucinus at Lomas Barbudal Biological Reserve, Costa Rica. Alpha males produced far more offspring than expected by chance, and significantly high Nonac's B indices (a measure of deviation from a random distribution of RS among potentially breeding individuals) were a feature of six out of eight male tenures. The likelihood of the alpha male siring a particular offspring was predicted by the kin relationship between the mother and the alpha male, as well as the total number of males and females in the group. The almost complete lack of father-daughter inbreeding [Muniz et al., 2006] constitutes an impediment to alpha male reproductive monopolization in this population, particularly toward the end of long alpha male tenures.
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Papers by Joseph H Manson