Gina Carroll
University of Calgary, Anthropology and Archaeology, Graduate Student
Upon the assessment of 132 adult crania from Middenbeemster, a mid-19th century cemetery in Northern Holland (fig. 1), three individuals (V976, V222, V998) with basicranial foraminal hyperostosis were discovered. In all three cases, new... more
Upon the assessment of 132 adult crania from Middenbeemster, a mid-19th century cemetery in Northern Holland (fig. 1), three individuals (V976, V222, V998) with basicranial foraminal hyperostosis were discovered. In all three cases, new lamellar bone (NLB) infilled the affected cranial canals and contiguous fissures, partially or completely obstructing the passageway(s).
Research Goal
This research describes three cases of ipsilateral stenosis (narrowing) and atresia (closure) of the basicranial foramina, and discusses the functional and phenotypic impact of neurovascular impingement.
Research Goal
This research describes three cases of ipsilateral stenosis (narrowing) and atresia (closure) of the basicranial foramina, and discusses the functional and phenotypic impact of neurovascular impingement.
Research Interests:
The purpose of this research is to investigate the only known archaeological case of complete, unilateral ossification of the hypoglossal canal, with associated stenosis of the jugular foramen and carotid canal. Macroscopic assessment of... more
The purpose of this research is to investigate the only known archaeological case of complete, unilateral ossification of the hypoglossal canal, with associated stenosis of the jugular foramen and carotid canal. Macroscopic assessment of a nearly complete adult male from the archaeological site of Middenbeemster, The Netherlands, also revealed new woven bone growth on the pleural surfaces of the ribs, polyostotic long limb hyperatrophy and periostosis, spina bidifa occulta, and uncricumscribed lytic lesions throughout posterior nasal cavity. While it is uncertain whether these abnormalities represent co-morbid conditions, or a systemic response to a single disease process, several differential diagnoses have been proposed and their symptoms and impacts assessed. Possible causes include Paget's disease of bone, fibrous dysplasia, hyperostotic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, hyperparathyroidism and hyperphosphatemia. Further research is required, however preliminary investigations shed light onto the relationship between skull base and extra-cranial lesions and the socio-cultural frameworks which may have contributed to the development and progression of the condition.
Research Interests:
This research presents an adult male from 18-19th century rural Middenbeemster, The Netherlands, with the first known archaeological case of complete, unilateral ossification (atresia) of hypoglossal canal, with associated hyperostotic... more
This research presents an adult male from 18-19th century rural Middenbeemster, The Netherlands, with the first known archaeological case of complete, unilateral ossification (atresia) of hypoglossal canal, with associated hyperostotic stenosis of the jugular foramen and carotid canal. Macroscopic assessment also revealed foci of dense, sclerotic-porotic lamellar bone growth on the crania and post-crania, lytic remodelling of the nasal cavity, bilateral asymmetry of the occipital base, clavicles hyoid and ulnae, and new woven bone growth on the pleural surfaces of the ribs (etc.). Possible causes include Paget’s disease, fibrous dysplasia, osteopetrosis, hyperphosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism, skull base meningiomas/schwannomas and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinomas. While further research is required, preliminary investigations suggest that socio-cultural factors may have contributed to the development of the condition in this, and at least two other individuals from the site.
Research Interests:
Research Interests: Geography, Archaeology, Geology, Islamic Archaeology, Stable Isotope Analysis, and 14 moreBioarchaeology, Medieval, Paleodiet, Medieval Iberian History, Islamic Studies, Osteoarchaeology, Human Remains (Anthropology), Al-Andalus archaeology, Collagen, Apatite, Human remains in Archaeology, Isotope, Al Andalus, and Palaeo-dietary Reconstruction
Within the past quarter century, researchers have taken steps to understand pathophysiological stable isotope fractionation within mammalian tissues more accurately. Biomedically, researchers have demonstrated that pulmonary disease,... more
Within the past quarter century, researchers have taken steps to understand pathophysiological stable isotope fractionation within mammalian tissues more accurately. Biomedically, researchers have demonstrated that pulmonary disease, smoking, organ failure, anemia, anorexia, and changes in metabolic rate all affect the isotopic composition of human tissues and tissue by-products. This research strongly suggests that a relationship exists between human (patho)physiology and stable isotope biochemistry. Despite the results achieved by these studies, only a small minority of bioarchaeologists have attempted to elucidate these mechanisms in human skeletal and dental tissues. This research presents the results of a pilot study aimed at examining the degree to which bone collagen δ 13C and δ 15N values and enamel apatite δ 18O and δ 13C values vary between individuals with and without lesions indicative of a chronic anemia. Consistent with previous research, our results indicate that the enamel apatite of suspected anemics have significantly lower δ 18O values relative to their lesion-free counterparts (U = 4.00, p = 0.05); however, this result was limited to the first permanent molar. Due to the small sample size and the lack of information concerning breast-feeding and weaning practices in the region during this time, it is not possible to link this variation definitively to the pathophysiology of anemia and/or its sequelae. There was no significant variation in bone collagen δ 13C or δ 15N values between anemic and lesion-free juveniles ( δ 13C: U = 26.00, p = 0.38; δ 15N: U = 33.00, p = 0.85) or between anemic and lesion-free adults ( δ 15N: U = 2.70, p = 0.26; δ 13C: U = 4.57, p = 0.10). A number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors may have contributed to the lack of variation. While sample sizes are small, the data indicate that future analysis is warranted. En el ultimo cuarto de siglo, los investigadores han tomado medidas para comprender con mayor precision Fraccionamiento de isotopos estables fisiopatologicos en tejidos de mamiferos. Biomedicamente, los investigadores han Demostro que la enfermedad pulmonar, el tabaquismo, la insuficiencia organica, la anemia, la anorexia y los cambios metabolicos. La velocidad de todos los efectos de la composicion isotopica de los tejidos humanos y los productos derivados del tejido. Esta investigacion fuertemente sugiere que existe una relacion entre la fisiologia humana (patho) y la bioquimica de isotopos estables. A pesar de los resultados logrados por estos estudios, solo una pequena minoria de bioarqueologos ha intentado Elucidar estos mecanismos en los tejidos humanos esqueleticos y dentales. Esta investigacion presenta los resultados de un estudio piloto destinado a examinar el grado en que el colageno oseo valores δ 13C y δ 15N, y el esmalte los valores de apatito δ 18O y δ 13C varian entre individuos con lesiones indicativas de anemia cronica, y aquellos sin De acuerdo con investigaciones anteriores, nuestros resultados indican que el apatito de esmalte de las anemicas han agotado significativamente los valores de δ 18O en relacion con sus contrapartes libres de lesiones (U = 4.00, p = 0.05), sin embargo esto se limito al primer molar permanente. Debido al pequeno tamano de la muestra y la falta de informacion sobre las practicas de lactancia materna y destete en la region durante este tiempo, no es posible vincular definitivamente esta variacion a la fisiopatologia de la anemia y / o sus secuelas. Habia no hay variacion significativa en los valores de colageno oseo δ13C o δ 15N entre los juveniles anemicos y sin lesiones ( δ 13C: U = 26.00, p = 0.38; δ 15N: U = 33.00, p = 0.85), o adultos anemicos y sin lesiones ( δ 15N: U = 2.70, p = 0,26; δ 13C U = 4.57, p = 0.10). Varios factores pueden haber contribuido a la falta de variacion. Se requiere mas investigacion con tamanos de muestra mas grandes y una estrategia de muestreo mas refinada.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
During the routine assessment of skeletal material unearthed from Middenbeemster, a post-Medieval (A.D. 17th-19th century) cemetery in Northern Holland (fig.1), an adult male with an unidentified choanal lesion was discovered. The... more
During the routine assessment of skeletal material unearthed from Middenbeemster, a post-Medieval (A.D. 17th-19th century) cemetery in Northern Holland (fig.1), an adult male with an unidentified choanal lesion was discovered. The affected individual was analyzed macroscopically and via computer tomography. Based on the phenotypic and radiographic characteristics of the lesion, and after a comprehensive review of clinical literature, it was determined that the lesion was likely caused by an inverted Schneiderian papilloma (ISP), a benign but locally aggressive endophytic neoplasm histopathologically characterized by the inversion of the epithelium into the lamina propria (Schneiderianmembrane) of the respiratory nasal mucosa.
Research Interests:
Upon the assessment of 132 adult crania from Middenbeemster, a mid-19th century cemetery in Northern Holland (fig. 1), three individuals (V976, V222, V998) with basicranial foraminal hyperostosis were discovered. In all three cases, new... more
Upon the assessment of 132 adult crania from Middenbeemster, a mid-19th century cemetery in Northern Holland (fig. 1), three individuals (V976, V222, V998) with basicranial foraminal hyperostosis were discovered. In all three cases, new lamellar bone (NLB) infilled the affected cranial canals and contiguous fissures, partially or completely obstructing the passageway(s). Research Goal This research describes three cases of ipsilateral stenosis (narrowing) and atresia (closure) of the basicranial foramina, and discusses the functional and phenotypic impact of neurovascular impingement.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Within the past quarter century, researchers have taken steps to understand pathophysiological stable isotope fractionation within mammalian tissues more accurately. Biomedically, researchers have demonstrated that pulmonary disease,... more
Within the past quarter century, researchers have taken steps to understand pathophysiological stable isotope fractionation within mammalian tissues more accurately. Biomedically, researchers have demonstrated that pulmonary disease, smoking, organ failure, anemia, anorexia, and changes in metabolic rate all affect the isotopic composition of human tissues and tissue by-products. This research strongly suggests that a relationship exists between human (patho)physiology and stable isotope biochemistry. Despite the results achieved by these studies, only a small minority of bioarchaeologists have attempted to elucidate these mechanisms in human skeletal and dental tissues. This research presents the results of a pilot study aimed at examining the degree to which bone collagen δ 13 C and δ 15 N values and enamel apatite δ 18 O and δ 13 C values vary between individuals with and without lesions indicative of a chronic anemia. Consistent with previous research, our results indicate that the enamel apatite of suspected anemics have significantly lower δ 18 O values relative to their lesion-free counterparts (U = 4.00, p = 0.05); however, this result was limited to the first permanent molar. Due to the small sample size and the lack of information concerning breast-feeding and weaning practices in the region during this time, it is not possible to link this variation definitively to the pathophysiology of anemia and/or its sequelae. There was no significant variation in bone collagen δ 13 C or δ 15 N values between anemic and lesion-free juveniles (δ 13 C: U = 26.00, p = 0.38; δ 15 N: U = 33.00, p = 0.85) or between anemic and lesion-free adults (δ 15 N: U = 2.70, p = 0.26; δ 13 C: U = 4.57, p = 0.10). A number of intrinsic and extrinsic factors may have contributed to the lack of variation. While sample sizes are small, the data indicate that future analysis is warranted. En el último cuarto de siglo, los investigadores han tomado medidas para comprender con mayor precisión Frac-cionamiento de isótopos estables fisiopatológicos en tejidos de mamíferos. Biomédicamente, los investigadores han Demostró que la enfermedad pulmonar, el tabaquismo, la insuficiencia orgánica, la anemia, la anorexia y los cambios metabólicos. La velocidad de todos los efectos de la composición isotópica de los tejidos humanos y los productos derivados del tejido. Esta investigación fuertemente sugiere que existe una relación entre la fisi-ología humana (patho) y la bioquímica de isótopos estables. A pesar de los resultados logrados por estos estu-dios, solo una pequeña minoría de bioarqueólogos ha intentado Elucidar estos mecanismos en los tejidos humanos esqueléticos y dentales. Esta investigación presenta los resultados de un estudio piloto destinado a examinar el
Research Interests:
During the routine assessment of skeletal material unearthed from Middenbeemster, a post-Medieval (AD 17–19th century) cemetery in Northern Holland, an adult male with an unidentified choanal lesion was discovered. The affected individual... more
During the routine assessment of skeletal material unearthed from Middenbeemster, a post-Medieval (AD 17–19th century) cemetery in Northern Holland, an adult male with an unidentified choanal lesion was discovered. The affected individual was analysed macroscopically and via computer tomography. Based on the phenotypic and radiographic characteristics of the lesion, and after a comprehensive review of clinical literature, it was determined that the lesion was likely caused by an inverted Schneiderian papilloma (ISP), a benign but locally aggressive endophytic neoplasm histopathologically characterized by the inversion of the epithelium into the lamina propria (Schneiderian membrane) of the respiratory nasal mucosa. This study presents a detailed description of the pathophysiology and aetiology of ISPs, using both bioarchaeological and biomedical frameworks. Several differential diagnoses are discussed, with emphasis on the reasons for their rejection as the primary pathogenic mechanism(s). To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first reported case of ISP within palaeopathology, which highlights the need to consider ISPs whenever slow-growing sinonasal neoplasms are suspected, as well as in cases that exhibit focal rhinitis.