Jiménez, Carolina; Magadán, Teresa; Martínez-Robles, David; Vidal, Cristina. Otras geografías del mundo antiguo ( Altres geografies del món antic. Manuals de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya. Barcelona: 7-41., 2020
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Among the scenes depicted on the walls of the Temple of Millions of Years of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu there are two set of representations which portray the King performing two rituals whose purpose was to assure the cosmic order established from the beginning of times. Both rituals complement each other, as we can notice analyzing the depictions both on the stelae erected by Ramesses III in his 12th regnal year at the entrance of the main pylon, and on the walls of Room 32 inside the temple. Specifically, the rituals performed by Ramesses III inside Room 32 intended to ensure the annual advent of the Nile flood, which granted the renewal and prosperity of the earth thanks to the life-giving force of its waters filled of sediments.
y arqueológicos relacionados con Peleo, héroe de origen tesalio, para esclarecer
cómo Egina integra su figura dentro de los Eácidas.
Among the scenes depicted on the walls of the Temple of Millions of Years of Ramesses III at Medinet Habu there are two set of representations which portray the King performing two rituals whose purpose was to assure the cosmic order established from the beginning of times. Both rituals complement each other, as we can notice analyzing the depictions both on the stelae erected by Ramesses III in his 12th regnal year at the entrance of the main pylon, and on the walls of Room 32 inside the temple. Specifically, the rituals performed by Ramesses III inside Room 32 intended to ensure the annual advent of the Nile flood, which granted the renewal and prosperity of the earth thanks to the life-giving force of its waters filled of sediments.
y arqueológicos relacionados con Peleo, héroe de origen tesalio, para esclarecer
cómo Egina integra su figura dentro de los Eácidas.
The authors consider also two set of scenes depicted on the walls of the temple of Medinet Habu that reassert the role of the King as guarantor of maat, the cosmic order. The first set of scenes, related to the South Stele, represents Ramesses III offering the goddess Maat to Amon-Re. Ramesses III acts here as donor of the cosmic order to Amon-Re, who receives the offer. Conversely, in the second group of scenes, related to the North Stele, the king acts as receiver of the gifts of Amon-Re, the signs of the regnal years and those of the Sed Festival.
To sum up, the present book approaches the way ancient Egyptians represented the balance of the Universe. To avoid chaos, they feel the need to ensure the stability of the Universe represented by maat and they entrust this task to a mediator, the King.
On the other hand, this external, maritime perception is contrasted with the Egyptian perspective or insider view -emic perspective-, to highlight the differences in the meaning of the physical space of the Delta, which from the inside was considered both an area of encounter and exchange, but also a zone of potential risk as a space subject to external threats. The pressure of nomadic groups in search of land to settle, a common occurrence in the western sector of the Delta, or the arrival of invading armies eager to control the natural resources of the country from the east were a reality in the 1st millennium BC, unlike earlier periods when the north-eastern border extended beyond the strict Delta into the desert and acted as a physical barrier. This entails reviewing and analysing the traditional terms used in Egyptian language to define the territory of the Delta and the areas that surrounded it. Also, it involves to clarify the change in perception of the Delta area as foreign dynasties established themselves in Egypt and ruled the country.
Last, outsider and insider views are compared and the comparison allows to highlight some parameters that intervene in the perception of the Nile Delta as a liminal space.