Tirana

Wɔatwerɛ nsɛm wei ɛwɔ Asante kasa mu

Tirana

Ɔman

Albania

Mpɔtɛm

557,422 km²

Nnipa dodoɔ

1,110.03 ab. (2011)

Tirana(Sɛnea yɛbɔ "Tirana" (help·info)) yε ɔman Albania ahenkuro na eno ne kurow kese paa a ɔwɔ ɔman no mu. Emu nipa dodoɔ yɛ 557 422 (2011). Saa kurow yi hye ɔman no mfinifini pɛɛ na mmepɔw ne nkoko atwa ho ahyia. Bepɔw Dajti wɔ n`apuei na mmepɔw ahorow so a wugyina so a wobehu Adriatic po no nso wɔ n`atifi. Esiane beaɛ a kurow ne ben a ɛben Mediterranean po no wɔ nti, Mediterranean wim nsakrai no a na ɛwɔ kurow no mu.Sɛ wokɔ Europe a, kurow ahorow a ɛhɔ yɛ atɛkyɛ(afɔ) na ewia bɔ wɔ hɔ paa no eka ho na n`awia no tum bɔ nnɔnhwerɛ 2,544 afe biara.^[1]^[2]

Ottoman Albanianyi a ne din de Gen. Sylejman Pasha Bargjini na ɔkyekyer kurow no wɔ afe 1614 mu.^[3] Kurow no mu trɛw faa beaɛ a na Nkrɛmofo asor dan dada no ne türbe wɔ no. Nsaase ahorow a nnɛ w`beka kurow no ho yɛ ade na nkrɔfo didi so wɔ Iron mfe no nyinaa mu. Na Illyriansfo no na wodidi so, nana esan yɛ beaɛ titiriw wɔ wɔn Taulantii ahenni no mu. Nanso bere a Illyrianfo ko no baa no, ɛbɛdii Romanfo no nsam na wɔde kaa wɔn nsaase wɔhwɛ so no ho. Nsrahwɛ bea, Mosaics a ɛwɔ Tirana nnɛ no yɛ adanse wɔ ma osii no ho.^[4]Akyiri yi, wɔ sentri 5th ne 6th mu no, wosii kristofo asoredan bɛn saa beaɛ no.

Aber a Roman Empire no mu kyeɛ ma efa kɔɔ apuei na efa so kɔɔ atɔei wɔ sentri 4th mu no, Byzantine Empire bɛfaa kurow no dii Albania man no fa pii so ma wosii Petrelë Castle wɔ hɔ aber na wɔnso di fo ne Justinian I.Kurow no anya anuonyam kosi sentri 2oth aber a Congress of Lushnjëde too gua sɛ eno ne Albenia manfo no ahenkuro, wɔ aber a na w`ama albania fahodi no wɔ 1912.^[5]

Beaɛ a wiase aguadi ne nneɛma pii kɔ so wɔ hɔ, Tirana yɛ beaɛ titiriw paa wɔ Albania man mu ɔba no sikasɛm ntotoi, amanmuo, amanyɔsɛm ne aguadibea esiane baabi a ɛhyeɛ, kyerɛ ɔman no mfinifini ne wim nsakrai papa, Po so akwamtu, Keteke kwan ahorow na afei n`akwan papa.^[6]Kurow yi ne ɔman no nyinaa ti na ɛhɔ na aban mpanyinfo, ɔmanpanyin ne ɔman no hwɛfo nyinaa tete. Sɛ wopɛ ɔman no mmrahyɛ badwamu kunini a, hɔ na ɛwɔ. Wɔ afe 2022 mu no, wɔbɔɔ kurow yi din sɛ ɛno ne European Youth Capital.^[7]

Abakɔsɛm

N`ahyease

Pellumbas Cave a wɔhui a ɔbɛn Tirana no ma yehu sɛ, nnipa amammrɛ yɛ ade a na ɛwɔ Albania fi teteete, Paleolithic aber so.^[8]^[9] Nsaase ahorow a nnɛ w`beka kurow no ho yɛ ade a na nkrɔfo didi so wɔ Iron mfe no nyinaa mu. Na Illyriansfo no na wodidi so, nana esan yɛ beaɛ titiriw wɔ wɔn Taulantii ahenni no mu. Ade a akyɛ paa a nhwehwɛmufo ahu wɔ hɔ nye Roman dan, a akyiri yi wɔde yɛɛ aisleless asordan ma fam hɔ so wɔde akyerɛw mfoni siesie hɔ wɔ sentri 3th mu no. Nneɛma nkae a wohuu wɔ medieval temple a ɔwɔ Shengjin Fountain wɔ apuei fam no nyinaa yɛ ade a na ɔbɛn Roman dan no. Byzantine Emperor Justinian I na osii castle a wɔfrɛ no Tirkan, a nnɛ wobehu n`nanmu wɔ Murat Toptani kwan no mu no na ekyir yi wɔ sɛntri 18th mu no, Ahmed Pasha Toptani san sii no bio.^[10]^[11]

6th century castle in Albania, Petrelë Castle a Justinian I sii no

Wɔ afe 1418 no, Tirana din no puei wɔ Venetian nhoma mu, afe kor ansa na Ottoman rebɛ ko afa asaase no: "...the resident Pjeter, son of late Domenik from the village of Tirana...".^[12]Nsɛm ho krataa a ɔfa nsaase a Ottomans yɛɛ ho nhyehyeɛ wɔ afe 1431-32 no ma yehu sɛ, baabi nnipa tete 60, adan ahorow 2,028 ne nkrɔfo 7,300 na wɔwɔ Tirana.^[13] Wɔ afe 1510 mu no, Roman sorfo ne nhomanimfo, Marin Barleti, wɔ Albania nnipa titiriw Skanderbeg Historia de vita et gestis Scanderbegi Epirotarum principis (The story of life and deeds of Skanderbeg, the prince of Epirotes), ho nsɛm mu no de saa beaɛ yi totoo akura ho, na ɔkyerɛ nsosoe ɛwɔ "Tirana ketewa" ne "Tirana keseɛ" mu.^[14]Akyiri wɔ afe 1572 no, wɔfrɛɛ no Borgo di Tirana.^[15]^[16]

Nneɛma atitiriw a ɔwɔ hɔ

Akwantu

The terminal of Nënë Tereza International Airport

Wiemhyɛn gyinabea wɔfrɛ no Nënë Tereza International Airport no na sɛ obi pɛ sɛ ɔde wiemhyɛn kɔ ɔman no mu a, ɔbɛkɔ akosi. Wɔmaa no saa din yi de hyeɛ Albania Roman atuhuamanyi ne ɔsɛmpatrɛwfo Maame Teresa anuonyam.^[17] Saa Tirana wiemhyɛnbea yi na sɛ obi wɔ Europe, Afrika ne Asia a, ɔfa na ama wetum aba ɔman no mu. Wɔ afe 2019 mu no, akwantufo mpem 3.3 (3.3 million) na saa wiemhyɛnbea yi gyee wɔn baa ɔman no mu na ɛhɔ so na ɔman no wiemhyɛn adwuma kuw (Air Albania) no ti wɔ.^[18]^[17]^[19]

Ɔman no mfinifini a kuro no hyeɛ no ama abɛyɛ ɔman no ti wɔ biibiara mu na saa pɛpɛɛpɛ na ɔte ɛba no n`akwan ahorow mu a. Tirana kurow no wɔ akwan papa ahorow pii ɛboa ma obi kɔ ɔman no fa baabiara ne mpo ɔman a wɔne wɔn bɔ hyeɛ so.^[20]^[21]Kwantepɔn Rruga Shtetërore 1 (SH1) boa ma obi tum fi Tirana kɔ Shkodër ne Montenegro wɔ atifi fam na ɛsan boa ma nea enti wɔyɛɛ Adriatic–Ionian kwantenpɔn no kɔ so. Kwantenpɔn Rruga Shtetërore 2 (SH2) no so toa so fa atɔei fam kɔfa Durrës a ɛwɔ Adriatic po no so. Rruga Shtetërore 3 (SH3) kwantenpɔn no so wɔasesa mu ayɛ no Autostrada 3 (A3) na ɛyɛ kwan dada Via Egnatia sɛso. Kwan yi san ka Pan-European Corridor VIII nkorabata no ho boa ma Tiranafo tum kɔ Elbasan, Korçë ne Greece wɔ anafo fam. Tirana akwan ahorow no toa so kɔfa Milot interchange wɔ n`atifi-atɔei fam, kosi Kosovo kɔka Autostrada 1 (A1) kwantenpɔn tenten no ho.

An Ecovolis station near the Mother Teresa Square

Wɔ Communist aber so wɔ Albania no, wɔyɛɛ wɔn adwen sɛ wɔbɛyɛ kwan atwa kurow no ho ahyia wɔ afe 1989 mu nanso woentum anyɛ kɔsii sɛ afe 2010 soe. Na saa anamɔntuo yi ho yia paa fisɛɛ na ɔboboa ama mantam hɔ mpontu ne ɔman no nkɔso akɔ anim yie.^[22]^[22] Ɛwɔm sɛ nnɛ, wɔ afe 2011 mu no wɔtumi yɛɛ kwan no fa a ɛwɔ n`anafo fam de no de, nanso, n`atifi ne n`apuei no wɔda so a gu so a wonwieyɛ.^[23]

Hekurudha Shqiptare(HSH) keteke akwan ahorow no boa ma sɛ ɛwɔ Tirana a, itum kɔ nkurow akese ahorow a ɛwɔ Albania no nyinaa a Durrës, Shkodër ne Vlorë ka ho. Wɔ afe 2013 mu no,Aban no too Tirana keteke gyinabea no mu, yi fii bea a na ɛwɔ no kɔɔ Kashar sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobenya baabi kese ayɛ Bulevardi i Ri dwumadi no.^[24] Laprakë na wɔbɛyɛ saa kwan fofor yi. Kwan yi yɛ kwan kɛse a ebedi dwuma ahorow pii a ne mu bi keteke kwan, bus kwan ne elɛtronik lɔɔre kwan.^[25] ^[26]Afei nso Ɔman no ayɛ sɛ wobɛyɛ keteke kwan fofor afi Tirana akɔfa Nënë Tereza International Airport akɔ Durrës kurow no mu.^[27]

Wɔ afe 2012 mu no, Tirana mantam no de too gua sɛ, dwumadi a ɔfa elɛkronik lɔɔre ho no, wɔredi ho dwuma sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɔbɛba so. Saa Tram kwan yi yɛ ade a na ne tenten bɛyɛ kilomita 16.7 (10.4 miles). Akwantu ho nhyehyeɛ seisie ɔwɔ Tirana no nyinaa rokɔ so wɔ Kurow no mu nkoa, enti nnipa wɔtete mantam ahorow mu no nya mfaso kakra bi pɛ wɔ so na bi nso mpo nnya bi koraa.

Wɔ wɔn nhyehyeɛ no mu no, Tram akwan ebien no bɛfa Skanderbeg Square hɔ mo. Ɔmanfo akwantu ho nhyehyeɛ a ɔwɔ Tirana no, Bus bea du(10) a ɛfa Bus ahorow 250-260 da biara da na ɛwɔ hɔ.

Aber a na mayor Erion Veliaj hwɛ kuro no so no, Aban a na ɛwɔ Tirana no biebie cycling infrastructure pii san so trɛw adadaw no mu senea ɔbɛyɛ a nnipa mmɔpeiso no kuro no mu na afei akwantu ayɛ mmrɛw.^[28]^[29]^[30] Ecovolis yɛ dwumadi a wɔdaa no adi wɔ Tirana wɔ afe 2011 mu na wɔn adwum ne sɛ wɔde bicycles bɛfɛm nkurɔfo wɔ mmeamea wɔ kuro no mu a wɔngye sika kɛse biara. ^[31]Wiase nyinaa bicycle sharing system, Mobike wɔ Ayɛwohomumɔ 8, 2018 de wɔn dwumadi no kɔpuei Tirana maa wɔn bicycles 4000.^[32]

Beaɛ a menyaa mmoa fii

Nsɛm a ɛwɔ saa atwerɛwsɛm yi mu sua. Wobɛtumi di bi aka ho aboa Wikipedia.

[1] ttps://www.currentresults.com/Weather-Extremes/Europe/sunniest-cities.php

[2] ttps://www.currentresults.com/Weather-Extremes/Europe/wettest-rainiest-cities.php

[3] ttps://www.hardquestionstoanswer.com/2022/01/20/when-was-tirana-founded/

[4] /tirana/mosaic-of-tirana, archived from the original on 2022-01-24, retrieved 2022-02-25

[5] ttps://shpresaprogramme.org/independence-day-of-albania/

[6] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20201006165159/https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html

[7] ttps://www.youthforum.org/topics/youthcapital

[8] ttps://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/4/569/2004/nhess-4-569-2004.pdf

[9] ttps://web.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/E-project-121913-122433/unrestricted/APC13_Pellumbas_FINAL_12-19.pdf

[10] ttp://www.visit-tirana.com/news/view/288/The_history_of_the_Toptani_family

[11] ttp://www.united-albania.com/albania-city-guides/attractions-what-to-visit-in-albania/the-fortress-kalaja-of-tirana-2.html

[12] what-is-the-state-capital-of-albania/, archived from the original on 2022-02-26, retrieved 2022-02-26

[13] ttps://wander.al/city/tirana#:~:text=Records%20from%20the%20first%20land%20registrations%20under%20the,a%20commercial%20centre%20and%20a%20hammam%20%28Turkish%20bath%29.

[14] ttps://rti.rtsh.al/article/marin-barleti-a-prominent-humanist-historian-the-first-known-writer-of-the-old-albanian-literature

[15] ttps://al.sluurpy.com/tirana/restaurant/6415048/borgo-a-tirana

[16] ttps://books.google.com.gh/books?id=zHxsWspxGIIC&pg=PA451&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

[:0-17] 17.0 ^17.1 https://motherteresa.org/biography.html

[18] ttps://www.alternativeairlines.com/air-albania

[19] ttps://www.theglobaleconomy.com/Albania/Airline_passengers/

[20] ttps://www.bing.com/images/search?q=tirana+roads&qpvt=tirana+roads&tsc=ImageHoverTitle&form=IGRE&first=1

[21] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20200613221311/https://tirana.al/uploads/2019/3/20190304142936_szhqbt-2018-2022-30-e-miratuar-per-web-finale.pdf

[:1-22] 22.0 ^22.1 https://china-cee.eu/2019/03/06/albania-economy-briefing-tiranas-outer-ring-road-and-the-controversial-case-of-2-1-km-segment/

[23] ttps://tvklan.al/unaza-e-madhe-e-tiranes-hapet-ne-shtator/

[24] -ne-vore/, archived from the original on 2022-03-01, retrieved 2022-03-01

[25] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20191208131650/http://www.italferr.it/content/italferr/en/Expertise/attivita/design-e-architettura/stazioni/nuovo-terminal-del-trasporto-pubblico-di-tirana.html

[26] ttps://www.koha.net/arberi/90808/tirana-me-stacion-modern-multimodal/

[27] ttps://euronews.al/vendi/2020/02/12/rikthehet-hekurudha-linja-tirane-durres-pritet-te-nise-punimet-ne-qershor/

[28] ttps://administrata.al/Pages/News/Local%20Institution/Pas-rikonfirmimit-p%C3%ABr-mandatin-e-dyt%C3%AB,-Veliaj-ftohet-nga-BERZH-p%C3%ABr-vijimin-e-investimeve-n%C3%AB-Tiranë.aspx

[29] ttps://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/oct/29/tirana-2030-albania-capital-plan-erion-veliaj

[30] ttps://www.trt.net.tr/shqip/jeta-dhe-shendeti/2018/07/14/tirana-eshte-kthyer-ne-qytetin-me-me-shume-korsi-bicikletash-ne-shqiperi-1012234

[31] ttps://ecovolis.blogspot.com

[32] ttps://www.dreamstime.com/bicycle-sharing-system-tirana-albania-august-ecovolis-rental-bike-station-martyrs-nation-boulevard-were-installed-image125279222

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