World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Chemical, Molecular, Nuclear, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, 2016
In this study, encapsulation of agarwood oil with non-ionic surfactant, Tween 80 was prepared at ... more In this study, encapsulation of agarwood oil with non-ionic surfactant, Tween 80 was prepared at critical micelle concentration of 0.0167 % v/v to produce the most stable nano-emulsion in aqueous. The encapsulation has minimized the bioactive compounds degradation in various pH conditions thus prolong their shelf life and maintained its initial oil grade. The oil grading of the prepared samples were conducted using the gel electrophoresis instead of using common analytical industrial grading such as gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GCMS). The grading method was chosen due to their unique zeta potential value after the encapsulation process. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of applying the electrophoresis principles to separate the encapsulated agarwood oil or grading of the emulsified agarwood oil. The results indicated that the grading process are potential to be further investigate based on their droplet size and zeta potential value at various pH condition when the dro...
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measurements were used in this study. The results showed that the polarities of the net charging state measured using these two methods were in agreement for 42 out of 48 samples (87.5%), and 36 samples (75%) were negatively charged. The filters were not significantly charged by friction between the filters and air not containing PM. Charge
addition to or leakage from the filters was not observed
over a two-month storage period. Net charging
state of PM2.5 collected on the filters was concluded
to be negative in most cases, based on data’s support of the assumption that aerosol charging state is not altered by the process of PM collection using filter.
• Four Japanese forest tree species were exposed to submicrometer (NH4)2SO4 particles.
• No significant effect of the particles on growth was observed after 2 years exposure.
• Net photosynthetic rates of 3 species were not significantly changed by the exposure.
• Net photosynthesis of Cryptomeria japonica was relatively sensitive to (NH4)2SO4.
• Both increase and reduction in net photosynthetic rate were observed in C. japonica.